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In France’s DVF property database, a “mutation” is a recorded real-estate transaction or transfer—not a renovation or other physical change. Its recorded price can help you compare properties, but calculating a price per square metre requires a suitable area figure and genuinely comparable transactions. The result is an analysis, not an official appraisal or a guaranteed current value.
What “mutation” means in DVF
DVF (Demandes de valeurs foncières) records property transfers using information from notarial acts and cadastral records. A mutation can be an ordinary sale, but the records also include adjudications, expropriations and exchanges. The term describes the transaction, not work carried out on the property. The Ministry of Economy’s DVF guide describes information such as transaction date, price, property type, rooms and surface.
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What the displayed price includes
The amount shown is a net seller price, not the buyer’s all-in cost: agency fees and notary fees are excluded, furniture sold with the property is excluded, and VAT is included. Do not treat the displayed figure as the total a buyer paid after fees. The official DVF explorer FAQ explains this price basis.
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The basic calculation is relevant transaction price ÷ relevant surface area. This ratio is an analyst’s calculation; it is not necessarily a dedicated official DVF field. It is meaningful only if the price and area refer to the same property or to a carefully selected comparable set.
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Surface definitions matter. DVF’s displayed area is real built area, not Carrez area. The FAQ says Carrez information is sporadic and has no legal value in the explorer. Using a different area denominator can change the result, so name the area basis rather than treating all square metres as interchangeable.
Take particular care with land sales, apartments and transfers involving multiple properties. A total price divided by one unit’s area is not a sound unit-price calculation unless the price has been defensibly allocated to that unit.
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Choose comparable mutations, not just nearby ones
For an estimate, compare several transactions that resemble the property being assessed. Consider:
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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors- Property type and status: compare like with like, including built property versus land.
- Location and date: use a relevant local area and market period.
- Area basis: make sure the surface measure is consistent and understood.
- Property characteristics: account for factors such as construction period and room count where available.
- Ownership and transaction scope: check whether the transfer concerns full ownership, partial rights or several properties.
The DGFiP’s Patrim comparison guide explains that its tool returns relatively homogeneous, simple transactions and excludes complex transfers, gratuitous transfers and transfers involving rights other than full ownership. That is a useful reminder: a record can be real and still be a poor comparable.
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Mutation prices, medians and a property’s value
DVF also displays median prices per square metre at national, regional and city scales. A median summarizes a group of transactions; it is not the price per square metre of every property in that place, nor a valuation of a specific home. A single mutation is likewise evidence of a past transaction, not proof of what a different property is worth now.
Use matched transactions to inform an estimate, then account for differences between them and the property in question. The government recommends using similar properties when estimating market value. DVF helps reveal past recorded transactions; it does not guarantee an exact current value.
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Coverage, update schedule and missing map records
The Ministry’s service page describes DVF coverage as the previous five years and says the service is updated twice a year, in April and October. It lists Bas-Rhin, Haut-Rhin, Moselle and Mayotte as not covered. These geographic and time limits matter: an absent result may reflect coverage rather than a lack of transactions.
The DVF FAQ says April deliveries include transactions through the preceding December and October deliveries include transactions through the end of June in the current year. Later releases can add records to earlier years. Publication delays, cadastral matching problems and municipality mergers can also create apparent gaps; a map marker may be missing when a parcel identifier cannot be joined to the cadastral map. If a map view seems incomplete, check the underlying data rather than assuming no transaction occurred.
Use records responsibly
DVF is useful for investigating past property transfers, but its records are not guaranteed to match a target property exactly. The public usage rules also prohibit reusing the data for a purpose or in a way that would enable identification of the people concerned. Avoid trying to identify parties to a transaction.
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