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ANDI is a human-shaped thermal manikin built for Arizona State University (ASU) to help researchers study how extreme heat affects the body. It can sweat, generate heat, shiver, walk and breathe—but “robot” is shorthand: ANDI is a specialized research instrument that reproduces selected, modeled body responses, not a general-purpose machine that experiences heat as a person does.
How ANDI simulates sweating and body heat
Thermetrics custom-built ANDI for ASU. The manikin has 35 individually controlled surface areas, temperature and heat-flux sensors, and pores that bead sweat. Its active cooling system circulates cool water through internal channels, helping it operate outdoors in extreme heat while researchers measure heat transfer from sunlight, the ground and surrounding air. ASU described these capabilities in its May 25, 2023 account; Thermetrics’ product page lists 35 independent thermal zones, volumetric sweating and active cooling.
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ASU called ANDI the first thermal manikin that could be used outdoors in its 2023 report. That is the university’s dated description, not an independent current comparison of all thermal manikins.
What the researchers measure
ANDI’s sensors and controlled zones let researchers examine how heat moves across a modeled body under different conditions. ASU pairs it with MaRTy, a biometeorological heat robot that measures the surrounding environment: MaRTy characterizes the conditions, while ANDI helps show how a modeled body may respond.
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Researchers can input thermal-regulation models to represent variations such as age, body size and health conditions. These are model-based scenarios, not proof that the manikin reproduces every person’s physiology.
Why researchers use a manikin instead of exposing people to dangerous heat
Researchers can use ANDI in a controlled heat chamber to study heat stress while varying environmental conditions and modeled characteristics. ASU said the chamber can control wind, temperature up to 140°F and solar radiation. As ASU associate professor and co-investigator Jenni Vanos put it, “You can’t put humans in dangerous extreme heat situations and test what would happen.”
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The work is intended to help researchers understand heat impacts well enough to investigate possible ways to reduce risk. Principal investigator and ASU associate professor Konrad Rykaczewski said the goal is to “develop a very good understanding (of how heat impacts the human body) so we can quantitatively design things to address it.”
What ANDI could help researchers develop—and what it has not proved
ASU has cited cooling clothes and backpack exoskeletons as possible applications of the research. These are research goals, not evidence that a particular garment or device has already been shown to prevent heat illness. The ASU account does not report a completed intervention trial or a quantified performance result for ANDI.
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The motivation is significant in Arizona: ASU reported that Maricopa County recorded 425 heat-related fatalities in 2022, a 25% increase from the previous year. Those figures refer to that county and year as reported in the university’s 2023 article; they are not a current annual tally.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What “robot that can sweat” really means
ANDI’s human-like actions are controlled features of a thermal research system. It does not establish that a machine has human sensations or a complete human body. Its value is more practical: it gives researchers a measurable, repeatable way to explore how environmental heat and modeled body characteristics affect heat transfer and thermal response, including in outdoor conditions.
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