To route Puppeteer page requests through a proxy, pass Chromium’s --proxy-server switch in the args array when launching the browser. Then navigate to the page and capture it with page.screenshot(). The proxy address below is a placeholder; replace it with an endpoint and scheme provided by your proxy operator.
Set a proxy when launching Puppeteer
Puppeteer passes launch arguments to Chromium, so configure the route when you call puppeteer.launch(). This complete example uses an HTTP proxy and saves a full-page PNG:
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import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
args: ['--proxy-server=http://proxy.example:8080'],
});
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'capture.png', fullPage: true });
} finally {
await browser.close();
}Replace http://proxy.example:8080 with the proxy provider’s actual endpoint. It is an illustrative placeholder, not a tested proxy service. This setting configures Chromium’s network route; page.screenshot() captures the rendered page and does not itself set up a proxy.
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Using puppeteer-core
If you use puppeteer-core, provide an installed browser through executablePath or select a browser channel in the launch options, in addition to the proxy argument.
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Choose the right proxy scheme and routing behavior
Use the scheme that matches the endpoint supplied by your proxy operator. Chromium documents --proxy-server for a single proxy, scheme-specific proxies, proxy bypass rules, and PAC configuration.
| Need | Example launch argument | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| One HTTP proxy for URL requests | --proxy-server=http://proxy.example:8080 |
Routes URL loads through the specified HTTP proxy. |
| Secure HTTPS transport to the proxy | --proxy-server=https://proxy.example:8443 |
Connects to the proxy using HTTPS transport. This describes the connection to the proxy, not merely the fact that the destination website uses HTTPS. |
| SOCKS5 proxy | --proxy-server=socks5://proxy.example:8080 |
Uses a SOCKS5 proxy for URL loads. Chromium warns that some browser components may still resolve DNS directly. |
| Different proxy by URL scheme | --proxy-server="http=http://proxy-http.example:8080;https=https://proxy-https.example:8443" |
Maps HTTP and HTTPS URLs to separate proxies. Use the syntax and endpoints supported by your Chromium version and proxy operator. |
| Send selected hosts directly | --proxy-server=http://proxy.example:8080 --proxy-bypass-list="localhost;*.internal.example" |
Bypasses the proxy for matching destinations. Those hosts connect directly; the bypass list only applies alongside --proxy-server. |
| Use proxy auto-configuration | --proxy-pac-url=https://example.com/proxy.pac |
Loads a PAC configuration URL to determine routing. Availability and behavior depend on the PAC file and browser configuration. |
Chromium documents these switch patterns in its network settings documentation and documents secure proxy transport separately in its secure web proxy guidance. Do not relabel an HTTP, HTTPS, or SOCKS endpoint: choose the scheme the provider actually supplies.
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SOCKS5 and DNS behavior
A SOCKS5 proxy switch routes URL loads, but it does not guarantee that every Chromium component’s DNS activity also uses the proxy. Chromium notes that DNS prefetching and other components can still make direct DNS requests. If your requirement is to prevent local hostname resolution, Chromium documents a host-resolver rule used with SOCKS, for example:
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args: [
'--proxy-server=socks5://proxy.example:8080',
'--host-resolver-rules=MAP * ~NOTFOUND, EXCLUDE localhost'
]Check the current Chromium guidance and your environment before adopting resolver rules; they change hostname resolution behavior and may affect local destinations.
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Proxy authentication
Authentication handling depends on the proxy scheme and Chrome behavior. The available documentation does not establish a universal Puppeteer recipe for supplying proxy usernames and passwords, so verify the method with your proxy provider and the browser version you run rather than assuming credentials embedded in a proxy URL will work.
Navigate, wait for the right state, and take the screenshot
The sequence is launch, open a page, navigate, wait for the content your capture requires, take the screenshot, and close the browser. The example uses waitUntil: 'networkidle2', a Puppeteer navigation option; it is not correct for every site. Pages that keep network connections open or render content after initial navigation may need a different readiness condition.
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- Use
fullPage: truewhen the image should include content beyond the viewport. - Use the screenshot option
clipwhen you need a rectangular region instead of the full page. - Puppeteer also supports screenshotting a selected element; consult the current Puppeteer screenshot guide for the API details matching your installed version.
- Screenshot options include output path and image type; select the format that suits the consuming application.
The Puppeteer guide identifies Page.screenshot() as the screenshot method. See the ScreenshotOptions API for options such as fullPage, clip, path, and image format.
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| Symptom | Likely cause | What to check |
|---|---|---|
| The page fails to load or Chromium reports a proxy connection error. | The endpoint, port, or scheme is wrong, unavailable, or unsupported by the provider. | Confirm the exact proxy URI and port with the provider, then test the same scheme in the launch argument. |
| The screenshot is blank or captures an incomplete page. | The page was captured before its required content rendered, or the chosen navigation wait condition does not match the site. | Wait for the relevant page state or selector before calling screenshot(); do not treat networkidle2 as a universal readiness guarantee. |
| A SOCKS5 setup still produces direct DNS requests. | The proxy switch covers URL loads, not necessarily all browser DNS activity. | Review Chromium’s SOCKS guidance and whether a host-resolver rule is required for your use case. |
| Some hosts are unreachable after adding a bypass list. | A matching bypass rule sends those destinations directly, outside the proxy. | Check the host patterns and remove or narrow bypass entries if those hosts must use the proxy. |
| Proxy credentials are rejected. | Authentication requirements vary by proxy scheme and browser behavior. | Use the authentication method documented by your provider for the specific endpoint; do not assume a URL-embedded username and password are universally supported. |
puppeteer-core cannot find or start a browser. |
The core package needs a browser location or channel. | Set executablePath or channel in launch options for the installed browser. |
Performance and reliability considerations
A proxy adds a network hop, so page load time and success depend on the proxy endpoint, target site, and routing requirements. Choose a wait condition based on the content you need rather than waiting longer than necessary or assuming a particular idle state guarantees that every page is ready. Keep the browser close in a finally block so it is shut down if navigation or capture fails.
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ScreenshotNeo is a screenshot API and MCP server if you would rather request a capture than manage Chromium and proxy configuration yourself. One GET request returns an image or PDF. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for available parameters.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpScreenshotNeo accepts cookie or consent banners before capture and removes more than 60 known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets; each step can be turned off. Bot checks, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed, and responses include X-Page-Verdict and X-Billed headers. Its MCP server offers take_screenshot, get_page_info, and capture_pdf tools for AI agents and MCP clients. The free plan includes 1,000 shots a month without a card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 shots.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Does `–proxy-server` route every kind of Chromium traffic through the proxy?
No. In particular, Chromium warns that SOCKS proxy configuration does not necessarily route all DNS activity through the proxy.
Can I use a proxy bypass list without setting a proxy?
No. Chromium’s proxy bypass list has effect alongside `–proxy-server`.
Does `networkidle2` guarantee that a page is ready for a screenshot?
No. It is one navigation wait option; the right readiness condition depends on the site and the content to capture.
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