To run Puppeteer screenshot tests in GitHub Actions, add Puppeteer to your project, install dependencies in a workflow on a GitHub-hosted runner, launch the page with a fixed viewport and state, and upload the resulting images as workflow artifacts. Your physical location in India does not require a different hosted workflow: the job runs on the runner you select. The example below is a starting point; adjust Node.js, commands, browser setup, and action versions to your project.
What the workflow needs
A repeatable screenshot job has four parts: a checked-out project, its Node.js dependencies, a compatible browser, and a test script that saves images. Puppeteer normally downloads a compatible Chrome for Testing browser when installed. If your package manager blocks install scripts, that download may not happen, and launch can fail because the browser is missing. See the Puppeteer installation guide.
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Commit your package lockfile and use npm ci in CI so the workflow installs the dependency versions recorded in the project. The sample assumes the repository has a test:screenshots script and uses ubuntu-latest; change the Node version and command to match your project.
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Add a screenshot test
For example, add a script such as scripts/screenshot.mjs. This writes a full-page PNG to artifacts/home.png. Replace the URL with a route your application serves during the test; if the application is not publicly reachable, start it in the workflow before running this script.
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import fs from 'node:fs/promises';
import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const browser = await puppeteer.launch({ headless: true });
try {
const page = await browser.newPage({
viewport: { width: 1440, height: 900 },
deviceScaleFactor: 1,
});
await page.goto('https://example.com', { waitUntil: 'networkidle0' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'artifacts/home.png', fullPage: true });
} finally {
await browser.close();
}Create the output directory before the script runs. In package.json, define the command:
{
"scripts": {
"test:screenshots": "mkdir -p artifacts && node scripts/screenshot.mjs"
}
}The exact command for creating directories differs by shell and operating system. The example targets the Ubuntu runner shown below; use a cross-platform script if the same command must run on Windows or macOS. Puppeteer’s screenshots guide documents Page.screenshot() and its capture options.
Make the captured page state intentional
Choose a deterministic route and wait condition. networkidle0 waits for network activity to settle, but pages with long-lived requests may never reach that state. For those pages, wait for a selector that means the content is ready, or use an application-specific readiness signal. Fix the viewport and device scale factor; when rendering depends on them, also set locale, timezone, fonts, and relevant application data. These choices improve comparability but do not guarantee pixel-identical results across different browser or runner versions.
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Configure GitHub Actions
Create .github/workflows/screenshots.yml. This workflow checks out the repository, configures Node, installs the lockfile dependencies, runs the screenshot script, and uploads the image even if the test step fails.
name: Screenshot tests
on:
push:
pull_request:
jobs:
screenshots:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Check out repository
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Set up Node.js
uses: actions/setup-node@v4
with:
node-version: 22
cache: npm
- name: Install dependencies
run: npm ci
- name: Run screenshot test
run: npm run test:screenshots
- name: Upload screenshots
if: always()
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: screenshots
path: artifacts/
if-no-files-found: warnThe Node version and action revisions are examples, not requirements: verify they match your project and current action guidance. Puppeteer’s own GitHub Actions workflow demonstrates browser caching, Linux execution using xvfb-run, and artifact upload. Adapt that pattern rather than copying its repository-specific commands or pins. GitHub documents installing additional software on hosted runners in its hosted-runner customization guide.
Browser installation and caching
Puppeteer’s normal package installation downloads a compatible Chrome for Testing build. If the browser is absent because installation scripts were disabled, use Puppeteer’s documented browser installation procedure or correct the package-manager configuration; do not assume that installing the npm package alone supplied a browser. Puppeteer stores browser files in $HOME/.cache/puppeteer by default. Caching that directory can reduce repeat downloads, but make sure the cache key accounts for the relevant Puppeteer/browser version so a cached binary remains compatible.
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Inspect screenshots and diagnose visual changes
After a workflow run, open its summary and download the screenshots artifact. The sample uses if: always(), so an image created before a later failure can still be available. If the script fails before creating any files, the artifact step warns that there were no files to upload.
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India-specific considerations
The cited Puppeteer and GitHub materials do not establish a special configuration for developers located in India. The workflow executes on the GitHub-hosted runner specified by runs-on, rather than on the developer’s computer. If the rendered interface changes with locale or timezone, set those values deliberately in the browser or application and keep them consistent between runs; select the values that reflect the test case, not an assumed India-specific CI requirement.
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Troubleshooting
Puppeteer cannot find Chrome
The browser download may have been skipped when dependencies were installed. Check whether the package manager suppresses install scripts, then follow the browser installation instructions for the Puppeteer version in your lockfile. Confirm the browser cache path and avoid reusing a cache for an incompatible package/browser version.
Chrome exits immediately on Linux
Linux launch failures can result from missing system dependencies or display-related setup. Consult Puppeteer’s system requirements and troubleshooting guide. Puppeteer’s CI workflow uses xvfb-run for its Linux tests; whether you need that pattern depends on your launch mode and test setup.
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Text is missing or wraps differently
Runner images may not contain the fonts your application expects. Install the fonts the page actually uses, then keep that environment consistent. Puppeteer notes that some character sets require additional fonts; see its troubleshooting material.
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The navigation wait never completes
A page that keeps connections open may not satisfy networkidle0. Wait for a meaningful selector or application readiness condition instead. If the page itself is slow or failing, inspect the workflow log and ensure the test route is reachable from the runner.
The artifact is missing
Check the script’s output path against the upload step’s path, and confirm the script reached the screenshot call. The sample stores files under artifacts/; changing one path requires changing the other.
Keep runs useful without making them brittle
- Use a committed lockfile and
npm cito make dependency installation follow the project lock. - Set viewport and device scale factor explicitly; control browser, fonts, locale, timezone, and page data when they affect what the image shows.
- Use a readiness signal appropriate to the page instead of relying on a network-idle condition that may not occur.
- Cache browser files only with a key that avoids incompatible versions, and retain artifacts so failures can be inspected.
- Review moving runner images, Node requirements, and GitHub Action versions periodically; the upstream workflow is an example, not a guarantee of pixel-identical rendering.
Or skip the browser setup
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