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HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the core markup language of the World Wide Web: it labels the parts of a document and describes their structure and meaning so browsers and other software can interpret them.
What does HTML do?
HTML uses markup to identify elements in a web document, such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, images, and forms. Those labels help a browser understand how the content is organized and presented. Links connect one resource to another, which is why “hypertext” is part of the name.
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For example, an HTML heading tells software that a line is a heading rather than an ordinary paragraph. The markup describes the content’s role; it does not, by itself, provide every visual style or interactive behavior a site may have.
Is HTML a programming language?
HTML is a markup language, not a general-purpose programming language. Its primary job is to describe the structure and meaning of document content. CSS is generally used to control presentation, while scripting languages can add programmable behavior.
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What does “HTML5” mean today?
The current specification is the WHATWG HTML Living Standard, a maintained standard rather than a final, frozen version. The WHATWG explains that “HTML5” is widely used as a broad label or buzzword for modern web technologies. In 2019, the groups agreed to collaborate on a single HTML version going forward, so “HTML5” should not be treated as the name of a separate final endpoint.
A brief history of HTML
HTML’s early history is associated with Tim Berners-Lee and CERN. The language developed through successive specifications. W3C training material identifies HTML 2.0 in 1995, HTML 3.2 in 1997, and HTML 4.01 in 1999 as milestones.
HTML 2.0 was historically described as an application of SGML and specified its syntax using an HTML Document Type Definition. That description applies to that historical specification; it is not a general definition of today’s HTML syntax.
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In one sentence
HTML is the Web’s core markup language, used to label and organize document content so software can interpret it and people can navigate between linked resources.
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