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TRON staking is a three-part process: lock TRX in the network’s Stake 2.0 system, receive Bandwidth or Energy and TRON Power (TP), then use that TP to vote for eligible Super Representatives (SRs). Staking by itself does not generate voting rewards. You must vote, and your eventual return depends on the SR’s rank, reward share, brokerage and governance decisions.
The documented minimum is 1 TRX, which produces 1 TP and resource capacity. You can keep the resource for your own transactions or delegate Bandwidth or Energy to another externally owned account while the TRX and TP remain yours. Exiting requires an unstake request, the network’s waiting period (currently documented as 14 days on Mainnet), and a separate withdrawal of the matured TRX.
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What TRON staking does
TRON’s current staking model is called Stake 2.0. When you stake TRX, the protocol records the stake under your account and gives you two kinds of utility:
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- TRON Power (TP): voting weight used to choose Super Representatives and SR Partners.
The official TRON Developer Documentation specifies a minimum Stake 2.0 amount of 1 TRX and a rate of 1 TP for each TRX staked. TP is not a separate coin and cannot be transferred or delegated. It exists as long as the related stake exists.
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Staking is therefore not a fixed-interest deposit. Protocol rewards are distributed through the governance system. As the documentation puts it, “Unused TP earns you nothing — voting is what generates rewards.”
How rewards are created and distributed
Block-production and voting pools
TRON’s documented protocol figures are 8 TRX per produced block for block production and 128 TRX per block assigned to the voting-reward pool. These are network-level amounts, not guaranteed payments to every staker. Your share is determined by the votes you assign to eligible candidates and by each candidate’s distribution policy.
The candidate may retain a brokerage percentage before passing rewards to voters. The documentation lists 20% as the default brokerage figure; an SR can publish a different policy. A displayed APR is consequently an estimate, not a contractual yield. It can move when the candidate’s vote total, rank, brokerage, block performance or network parameters change.
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Who is eligible for voting rewards?
TRON ranks SR candidates by votes. The top 27 are active block producers. Candidates ranked 28 through 127 are SR Partners and remain eligible for voting rewards. Candidates ranked 128 and below do not receive protocol voting rewards unless they rise into the top 127.
| Candidate position | Role | Voting-reward eligibility |
|---|---|---|
| 1–27 | Active Super Representatives; produce blocks | Eligible |
| 28–127 | Super Representative Partners | Eligible |
| 128+ | Other candidates | Not eligible unless rank improves into the top 127 |
Ranks and reward calculations are evaluated around the network’s maintenance cycles. A vote cast just before or after a cycle can begin affecting eligibility or distributions at a different time than you expect, so inspect the candidate’s stated cycle information in TRONSCAN before relying on an APR figure.
What you receive when you stake TRX
Bandwidth
Bandwidth is the resource used by ordinary TRON transactions. Staking for Bandwidth can reduce the TRX you would otherwise burn for transaction fees when your account has insufficient free Bandwidth. Resource consumption and regeneration are protocol-controlled; the amount available to you depends on the chain’s current allocation rules and the amount staked.
Energy
Energy is consumed by smart-contract operations, including many TRC-20 token transfers and decentralized-application interactions. Staking for Energy can be useful when you regularly execute contracts, because it can replace some fee burning. Energy demand varies by contract and operation, so staking more TRX does not guarantee that every transaction will be free.
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TRON Power
TP is voting weight. The documented conversion is 1 TP per 1 TRX staked. TP cannot be sent to another address and cannot be lent separately from the stake. If you unstake, the corresponding TP is reclaimed and your voting weight falls.
Stake TRX in TRONSCAN: step-by-step
Use the official TRONSCAN interface and a TRON-compatible wallet. Labels can change as the interface is updated, but the sequence is the same.
- Open TRONSCAN and select the correct network. Confirm that you are on TRON Mainnet rather than a test network or an unintended network.
- Connect your wallet. Choose the wallet connection option, approve the connection in the wallet, and compare the address shown by TRONSCAN with the address displayed in the wallet. Never approve a transaction when the address does not match.
- Keep liquid TRX available. You need enough un staked TRX for transaction fees or resource shortfalls. Staking your entire balance can leave you unable to submit the next transaction.
- Open the staking or resource page. Choose the Stake 2.0 action, select the amount of TRX, and select either Bandwidth or Energy. The documented minimum is 1 TRX.
- Review the transaction. Check the amount, selected resource, destination account (your own account for staking), network and estimated fee. Confirm the Stake 2.0 transaction in your wallet.
- Wait for confirmation. After the transaction is included on-chain, refresh the account page and verify the updated staked amount, resource allocation and TP.
Staking is complete when the chain records the Stake 2.0 transaction. The wallet approval is only the signature step; the on-chain confirmation is what establishes the stake.
How to delegate TRX resources
Delegation is resource lending, not a transfer of ownership. You first stake TRX, then delegate the resulting Bandwidth or Energy to a different externally owned TRON account. The underlying TRX remains staked under your name, and the recipient does not receive your TP or voting rights.
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Delegate your Bandwidth or Energy
- Stake the TRX if you have not already. Delegation cannot create resources from liquid TRX; it acts on resources produced by an existing Stake 2.0 position.
- Open the delegation control in TRONSCAN. Select Bandwidth or Energy, depending on what you want to lend.
- Enter the recipient address. Use a different externally owned TRON address and verify every character. A wrong address can make the resource unavailable to the intended user.
- Choose the lock option, if offered. A locked delegation can impose a release delay. Read the interface’s current terms before signing because lock settings affect when you can reclaim the resource.
- Sign the DelegateResource transaction. Approve it in the connected wallet and wait for confirmation.
- Verify the result on-chain. Check both accounts’ resource pages. The recipient should show delegated capacity, while your stake and TP remain associated with your account.
Delegation is optional and independent of voting. You can delegate resources while retaining TP and voting for SRs. Conversely, you can keep resources for yourself and still vote.
Undelegate resources
To stop lending, use the undelegation control for the same resource and recipient, specify the amount to reclaim, and sign the transaction. If you selected a lock period, the network may require that period to expire before the resource returns to your usable balance. Undelegating does not unstake the TRX; it only changes who can consume the associated resource.
How to vote for Super Representatives
Review candidates before voting
Open TRONSCAN’s Governance or Votes area and inspect more than the headline APR. Useful decision factors include:
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- Current rank and whether the candidate is inside the top 127.
- Published voter-reward ratio or brokerage.
- Block-production reliability and missed-block history for active SRs.
- Participation in TRON governance and proposals.
- Maintenance-cycle timing and how quickly policy changes are communicated.
- Transparency of the candidate’s published reward and operating information.
Do not rank candidates by APR alone. APR is an estimate that changes with vote share, candidate policy and chain parameters.
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- Open Governance/Votes while your wallet is connected. Confirm that the account shown owns the TP you intend to use.
- Select one or more eligible SRs or SR Partners. Enter the TP amount for each candidate. Your total allocation cannot exceed your available TP.
- Review the complete allocation. A vote transaction replaces every previous vote from your account with the allocation submitted in that transaction.
- Include every candidate you want to keep. If a previously voted candidate is omitted, that candidate loses your votes in the new transaction.
- Sign and confirm the vote transaction. Wait for on-chain confirmation, then revisit the votes page to verify the recorded distribution.
The replacement rule is the most common voting mistake. To add votes to a new SR without changing existing choices, submit the old choices and the new candidate together in one complete allocation.
When rewards arrive and how to claim them
Reward timing follows maintenance-cycle accounting and the candidate’s distribution process. It is not necessarily an instant payment after each block. TRONSCAN may show an estimated APR or an accumulated claimable amount; the display can lag while a cycle is being processed.
When the wallet or TRONSCAN provides a reward-claim or reward-withdrawal operation, open that operation, review the amount and destination, and sign it. Keep liquid TRX or available Bandwidth for the transaction fee. After confirmation, check the account’s balance and the reward history rather than relying only on a wallet notification.
Candidate brokerage, vote share, rank and governance changes can alter the amount you receive. Treat every projected APR as variable and avoid using it as a promise of a fixed annual return.
How to unstake TRX
Stake 2.0 unstaking is a two-step exit. You request unstaking first, wait for the configured delay, then withdraw the matured TRX.
- Undelegate resources where necessary. If Bandwidth or Energy is still delegated, reclaim it first or follow the interface’s instructions for handling an active delegation.
- Open the Stake 2.0 unstaking action. Select the stake position or amount to release and review the effect on resources and TP.
- Initiate unstaking and sign. Confirm the transaction in your wallet. The TRX is now pending rather than immediately spendable.
- Wait for the network delay. Mainnet is currently documented as a 14-day delay. Because this is a chain parameter, query the current network setting instead of assuming that the period will never change.
- Withdraw matured TRX. After the maturity time, use the withdrawal operation and sign a second transaction. Verify the returned TRX in your liquid balance.
Unstaking reduces TP immediately or as specified by the current protocol implementation, so your voting weight can fall before the TRX becomes withdrawable. Existing votes can be proportionally revoked when the related TP disappears. Review your vote allocation after any unstake.
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If the interface offers cancellation of a pending unstake, use it only when the network supports cancellation and you deliberately want to restore the stake. A cancellation is not the same as withdrawing matured TRX.
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Transaction fees and resource shortfalls
Staking does not eliminate all fees. Stake, delegation, voting, claiming and unstaking are separate on-chain transactions. Keep a liquid TRX reserve or sufficient Bandwidth so a resource shortfall does not prevent the action you need.
Lock and timing risk
Delegation locks and the unstaking delay reduce liquidity. Do not stake TRX that you may need during the waiting period. Record the unstake initiation time and the earliest withdrawal time shown by the network.
Voting and candidate risk
A candidate can change brokerage, reward policy or governance position. Rank can move below the top 127, removing protocol voting-reward eligibility. Active SRs can also have different block-performance records. Recheck these details periodically instead of setting votes once and ignoring them.
Wallet and address risk
Transactions are signed by your wallet and settled on-chain. Check the network, connected address, resource type, amount and recipient before every signature. A wallet interface can display a friendly name, but the address is the authoritative destination.
Common problems and fixes
“I staked, but no rewards appeared.”
Confirm that the stake produced TP, then check whether you voted. Staking without a vote produces no voting reward. If you did vote, verify the candidate’s rank, maintenance-cycle timing, brokerage and claimable balance.
“My old votes disappeared.”
You probably submitted a new vote transaction that omitted the old candidates. Every vote transaction replaces the entire previous allocation. Submit the full allocation you want, including candidates you intend to retain.
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“The recipient cannot use delegated Energy or Bandwidth.”
Verify that the delegation transaction confirmed, that the recipient address is correct, that you selected the intended resource and that any lock or activation condition has been met. Resource availability can also change as the recipient consumes it.
“I cannot withdraw after unstaking.”
Stake 2.0 requires the network delay to mature. Check the unstake record and current chain parameter, then use the separate withdrawal operation after maturity. A pending request is not spendable TRX.
“My voting power fell after unstaking.”
That is expected: TP tracks staked TRX. Review and, if necessary, resubmit your vote allocation using the TP that remains available.
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| Item | Documented figure or rule | Qualification |
|---|---|---|
| Minimum Stake 2.0 amount | 1 TRX | TRON Developer Documentation, 2026 |
| TP conversion | 1 TP per 1 TRX staked | Voting weight; TP is not transferable |
| Active SRs | 27 | Top 27 candidates produce blocks |
| Reward-eligible ranks | Top 127 | Ranks 28–127 are SR Partners |
| Block-production reward | 8 TRX per block | Protocol figure; not an individual payout |
| Voting-reward pool | 128 TRX per block | Distributed according to votes and candidate policy |
| Default brokerage | 20% | Candidate policy can affect the voter share |
| Mainnet unstake delay | 14 days | Currently documented; query chain parameters because it can change |
Practical decision checklist
- Choose Bandwidth if your priority is ordinary transaction capacity; choose Energy if you regularly execute smart contracts.
- Keep a liquid TRX reserve for fees and urgent transactions.
- Delegate only the resource and amount the recipient needs; delegation does not transfer TP.
- Vote after staking, and submit the complete desired allocation every time.
- Compare rank, eligibility, brokerage, reliability, governance participation and transparency—not APR alone.
- Before unstaking, account for the delay, lost TP and possible vote reduction.
- Verify every transaction on-chain after signing.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I earn rewards simply by staking TRX?
No. Staking creates TP and resources, but voting with TP for eligible SRs or SR Partners is required for protocol voting rewards.
Can I delegate my TRON Power?
No. Bandwidth and Energy can be delegated to another externally owned account, while TP and ownership of the staked TRX remain with the staker.
How long does TRON unstaking take?
The currently documented Mainnet delay is 14 days, followed by a separate withdrawal transaction. Check current chain parameters because the delay can change.
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