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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteTo calculate a running total from values in A2:A11, enter =SCAN(0,A2:A11,LAMBDA(a,v,a+v)) in an empty cell with room for the results to spill. SCAN starts with zero, adds each value to the running accumulator, and returns every intermediate total as an array.
Build a running total with SCAN
In this example, the values are in A2:A11. Select an empty cell where the results can spill, then enter:
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=SCAN(0,A2:A11,LAMBDA(a,v,a+v))
The returned array contains a running total for each input value, in the same order. For example, if the inputs are 4, 7, and 2, the results are 4, 11, and 13.
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How the SCAN formula works
Microsoft describes SCAN as applying a LAMBDA to each value in an array and returning the intermediate results. Its syntax is =SCAN([initial_value],array,LAMBDA(accumulator,value,body)). The initial value sets the accumulator’s starting state; the array supplies the inputs; and the LAMBDA calculates the next accumulator value for each input. See Microsoft’s SCAN function reference.
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0is the initial value in the running-total formula.A2:A11is the input array.anames the accumulator: the running result carried forward from the previous step.vnames the current value from the input array.a+vadds the current input to the accumulator to produce the next result.
The names a and v are LAMBDA parameter names; you can choose other names, provided you use them consistently inside the calculation.
Start from an existing balance
To include an opening balance, use that balance as SCAN’s initial value instead of zero. For example, if the opening balance is in B1, use =SCAN(B1,A2:A11,LAMBDA(a,v,a+v)). Each returned result then includes the opening balance plus the inputs processed so far.
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Use SCAN for other running calculations
The LAMBDA body determines what value is carried forward. Microsoft’s examples show multiplication and text concatenation as well as addition:
- Running products:
=SCAN(1,A1:C2,LAMBDA(a,b,a*b))multiplies each value by the accumulator; the initial value is 1. - Concatenate values:
=SCAN("",A1:C2,LAMBDA(a,b,a&b))appends each value to the accumulated text; the initial value is an empty string.
These examples and the function syntax are documented in Microsoft’s SCAN reference. Choose an initial value and operation that make sense for the calculation you want to carry forward.
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Check whether your Excel version supports SCAN
Microsoft’s SCAN support page lists Excel for Microsoft 365 and Excel 2024 for Windows and Mac. Its function reference marks SCAN as introduced in Excel 2024. If you use an earlier perpetual edition, check your installed version rather than assuming the function is available. Sources: SCAN function and Microsoft’s logical functions reference.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Use a copied-down formula in older editions
If SCAN is unavailable, Microsoft documents a conventional running-total method for Excel editions listed from Excel 2016 onward. With the input values in column C starting at row 2, enter this in the first result row and copy it down:
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=SUM($C$2:$C2)
The dollar signs keep the starting cell fixed at C2, while the ending row adjusts as the formula is copied. The next row becomes =SUM($C$2:$C3), so each formula sums from the first value through the current row. See Microsoft’s running-total instructions.
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One free scan finds every outdated or missing driver and matches the right update for your exact hardware.Free scan · exact hardware match| Method | Availability documented by Microsoft | How results are produced |
|---|---|---|
| SCAN | Excel for Microsoft 365 and Excel 2024 for Windows and Mac | One formula returns an array of intermediate results that needs room to spill. |
| Copied-down SUM | Microsoft’s instructions list editions from Excel 2016 onward | Enter =SUM($C$2:$C2) in the first result row and copy it down. |
Choose based on the edition available and whether your worksheet can accommodate spilled results or is better served by a formula in each row.
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Fix common SCAN and LAMBDA errors
#VALUE!with “Incorrect Parameters”: Microsoft says this can occur when SCAN receives an invalid LAMBDA or the wrong number of parameters. Check that the LAMBDA has both an accumulator parameter and a current-value parameter, and that its body returns the next accumulator. See Microsoft’s SCAN troubleshooting guidance.#VALUE!from a LAMBDA argument mismatch: Microsoft’s LAMBDA guidance also notes that an incorrect number of arguments returns this error. Match the arguments supplied by the calling formula to the LAMBDA parameters.#CALC!when testing a LAMBDA alone: A LAMBDA entered in a cell without being called can return this error. Test it through SCAN or another formula that supplies its arguments.
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