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To capture a mobile-sized viewport in Selenium, enable ChromeDriver’s mobile emulation before starting Chrome, navigate to the page, wait for the state you want to document, and save a WebDriver screenshot. You can use a DevTools device preset or set the viewport dimensions and pixel ratio yourself. The steps below capture the visible viewport—not the entire page.
Configure Chrome mobile emulation before creating the driver
ChromeDriver accepts mobile emulation through Chrome options. Set it before constructing the WebDriver session: emulation is a browser-session capability, not a setting to apply after a page has loaded. See the ChromeDriver mobile emulation documentation.
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Use explicit viewport metrics
Explicit metrics make the intended CSS viewport and device pixel ratio clear. This runnable Python example uses a 390-by-844 viewport and a pixel ratio of 3.0; those are illustrative settings, not a claim that they match a particular phone.
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mobile_emulation = {
"deviceMetrics": {
"width": 390,
"height": 844,
"pixelRatio": 3.0,
},
"mobile": True,
"touch": True,
}
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option("mobileEmulation", mobile_emulation)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
try:
driver.get("https://example.com")
# Wait for the page state you intend to document.
driver.save_screenshot("mobile-viewport.png")
finally:
driver.quit()Replace the example URL and choose dimensions appropriate to the layout you need to inspect. ChromeDriver documents width, height, and pixelRatio under deviceMetrics. Its documentation says mobile and touch default to true in the documented settings, but setting them explicitly makes the requested behavior visible in your configuration.
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Use a named device preset
If you want a preset listed in the DevTools emulated-device data, configure its exact device name instead of custom metrics:
from selenium import webdriver
mobile_emulation = {"deviceName": "Nexus 5"}
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option("mobileEmulation", mobile_emulation)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)The name here is an example; use one available to your ChromeDriver and Chrome combination. Preset availability can vary by version. An unavailable name causes an error, so use explicit metrics when the desired preset is not recognized.
Navigate, wait for the intended state, and save the viewport
- Create the Chrome driver with mobile emulation already configured.
- Call
driver.get(url)to load the page. - Wait for the page state the screenshot should show. Depending on the site, that may mean waiting for a particular element or for client-side content to render; a navigation call alone does not guarantee that every dynamic element is ready.
- Call
driver.save_screenshot("mobile-viewport.png"). Selenium saves an image of the current browser viewport. - Call
driver.quit()in afinallyblock so the browser session is closed even if navigation or capture fails.
Selenium’s WebDriver API documents screenshot support, including saving a screenshot to a file: Selenium WebDriver documentation.
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Choose dimensions and pixel ratio deliberately
- Width and height: These set the emulated viewport dimensions used to lay out the page. Use the dimensions relevant to the screen-sized view you want to inspect; custom metrics are not limited to named presets.
- Pixel ratio: Device pixel ratio relates physical screen pixels to CSS pixels and affects rendering density and screenshot output resolution. Match it to the target when pixel density matters.
- Mobile and touch settings: Mobile emulation is not just a smaller browser window. ChromeDriver exposes mobile behavior and touch-event emulation, which can affect page behavior as well as appearance.
- Preset or metrics: A preset is convenient when it exists in the version you are running. Explicit metrics are preferable when you need a custom size or a repeatable configuration that does not depend on a device name.
Viewport screenshots are not full-page screenshots
driver.save_screenshot() captures the currently visible viewport. Content below or outside that viewport is not included just because the page has loaded. Chrome DevTools labels its distinct full-page command “Capture a full size screenshot”; choose a full-page capture method when you need off-screen content rather than a screen-sized image. The Chrome documentation distinguishes these capture scopes in its Device Mode guidance.
Understand what mobile emulation can prove
Chrome DevTools describes device mode as a first-order approximation: the page runs in desktop Chrome, not on a physical mobile device. Emulation cannot reproduce every hardware, CPU-architecture, browser, or device-specific behavior. A screenshot therefore documents the selected Chrome viewport and emulation settings; it does not by itself establish that a site works on every phone or browser. For behavior that depends on real hardware or a particular mobile browser, validate on that device, using remote debugging where appropriate. Device type can also affect touch and click event behavior.
Troubleshooting Selenium mobile screenshots
Chrome rejects the device name
Cause: The requested deviceName is not present in the DevTools emulation data available to that ChromeDriver and Chrome version.
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Fix: Choose a currently available preset or switch to deviceMetrics with explicit width, height, and pixel ratio. Do not assume a device name remains available across versions.
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Cause: Mobile emulation may not have been passed in Chrome options when the driver session was created, or the configured metrics may not describe the viewport you intended.
Fix: Confirm that add_experimental_option("mobileEmulation", mobile_emulation) runs before webdriver.Chrome(options=options). Check the width, height, pixel ratio, and mobile setting in the configuration, then create a new driver session.
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Dynamic content is missing
Cause: The screenshot was taken before the page reached the state you wanted to capture. A successful navigation does not guarantee that all client-rendered content, images, or interactions are ready.
Fix: Wait for a meaningful page condition—such as a required element appearing—before calling save_screenshot(). Choose the condition based on the page rather than relying on an arbitrary delay where possible.
Content below the fold is absent
Cause: The WebDriver screenshot is a viewport capture.
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Fix: Use a full-page capture approach when off-screen page content is required; do not treat the viewport image as a full-page result.
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ScreenshotNeo can return a screenshot from one API request. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://example.com -o shot.webpScreenshotNeo removes cookie banners, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before capture; each step can be turned off. Bot checks, blank pages, failed loads, timeouts, and cache hits are not billed, and the response identifies the page verdict and billing status in headers. Its MCP server lets AI agents use screenshot tools. The free plan includes 1,000 screenshots per month with no card required; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 screenshots.
Sign up for ScreenshotNeo’s free plan.
FAQ
Does Selenium mobile emulation run Chrome on a phone?
No. It emulates selected mobile settings in desktop Chrome; use a real device when device-specific behavior must be verified.
Does this method capture content below the viewport?
No. The example saves the current viewport. Use a separate full-page capture method for off-screen content.
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