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World desk5 min

How to Rotate Webhook Signing Secrets Without Dropping Events

A staged webhook-secret rotation accepts both authorized keys during a bounded overlap, confirms the new key works, then retires the old one—with provider-specific timing and recovery.

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To rotate a webhook signing secret with minimal disruption, update the receiver to accept both the old and new secrets before changing the sender. Keep that overlap bounded, verify the sender is delivering with the new secret, then retire the old one. This staged approach works only when the provider’s rotation controls support it; header formats, grace periods, retries, and replay options vary.

Why rotation can interrupt webhook delivery

A signing secret lets a receiver check that a webhook was created by an authorized sender and was not altered in transit. When the sender switches to a new secret, a receiver that still checks only the old one rejects otherwise valid deliveries. Conversely, accepting an old secret forever leaves it trusted longer than necessary.

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The safest routine rotation is therefore a controlled overlap: deploy receiver support for both authorized secrets, change the sender, confirm the new secret is working, and remove the old secret after the provider’s overlap period and your rollout checks are complete. Svix documents dual signing during rotation as one way to do this; it is not a universal capability.

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Plan the rotation around your provider’s behavior

Before changing configuration, establish what the sender actually supports. Do not assume a provider can keep two secrets active, signs with both during a grace period, or uses the same header format as another service.

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  • Can the sender accept two secrets at once, and does it sign with both or switch immediately?
  • How are signature versions represented in headers, and how long can the old key remain valid?
  • What is the retry window, and can failed deliveries be inspected and replayed?
  • Are delivery IDs stable across retries so your receiver can deduplicate?
  • How long are delivery logs retained, and how are secrets scoped and rolled out?

Svix’s infrastructure guide recommends evaluating retry schedules and windows, timeouts, signing and rotation behavior, log retention, and replay support: Svix webhook infrastructure guide. (The source URL is reproduced exactly as supplied; check the provider’s current documentation for its actual controls.)

Rotate in a staged sequence

  1. Inventory the full path. List each webhook endpoint, environment, region, receiver instance, secret store, and deployment. Identify separate staging and production configurations so the new secret is not applied to the wrong endpoint.
  2. Prepare the receiver first. Store the new secret securely and update verification to accept either the old or new secret during the planned overlap. Keep existing raw-body, timestamp, and constant-time comparison protections in place.
  3. Deploy to every receiver instance. Avoid a mixed fleet where some instances know only the old secret. If the provider supports it, exercise the new verification path with a test delivery or controlled staging event before changing production sender settings.
  4. Start the sender-side rotation. Use the provider’s documented operation. Confirm that real deliveries validate with the new secret and that the old secret remains accepted for the intended overlap. Do not assume the signature header name or encoding matches Svix’s or any other provider’s format.
  5. Monitor through the overlap. Watch signature verification failures, acknowledgement status, retries, and receiver health. Set an end point for the overlap based on the provider’s documented grace period, configuration propagation, and in-flight or retried deliveries; there is no universal duration established for all senders.
  6. Retire the old secret. Once the provider’s overlap has ended and the rollout is verified, remove the old secret from receiver configuration and the sender. If the old key is actively compromised, revoke it immediately; that emergency action may cause failures for receivers that have not yet been updated.
  7. Recover missed deliveries. After the receiver is healthy, use provider delivery history and supported redelivery or replay. Deduplicate by a stable event identifier and make handlers idempotent because retries can create duplicates.

Verify signatures without changing the signed message

Use the original request body

For Svix, the signed content includes the message ID, timestamp, and raw body. Parsing JSON and serializing it again can change whitespace, key order, or other bytes, causing valid signatures to fail. Verify against the exact body bytes received, along with the timestamp and signature, as described in the Svix manual verification guide.

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Check every authorized signature candidate

During overlap, a header may contain multiple versioned signatures. Svix describes a space-delimited list of versioned signatures and recommends constant-time comparison when checking them manually. A custom verifier should examine each candidate and accept only a valid match against a secret currently authorized for that endpoint. Do not weaken verification by accepting an unrecognized version or treating a malformed header as success. See the Svix signature format guidance.

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Apply timestamp checks with synchronized clocks

A timestamp tolerance helps reduce replay risk, but it depends on accurate clocks. Svix says its libraries reject timestamps more than five minutes before or after the current time; that is Svix-specific behavior, not a general default. Confirm your provider library’s setting and keep receiver clocks synchronized.

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Prevent authentication failures from becoming lost work

Signature verification is only one part of reliable delivery. A receiver should acknowledge promptly after it has durably recorded the event, then perform slower downstream work asynchronously where appropriate. GitHub recommends returning a 2XX response within 10 seconds and describes queue-based asynchronous processing; Svix gives 15 seconds as an example of a reasonable response timeframe. These are provider-specific examples, not interchangeable universal limits. See GitHub’s webhook best practices and Svix’s receiving guide.

  • Persist or enqueue the event before acknowledging success if processing continues in the background.
  • Make handlers idempotent so a retry or redelivery does not repeat an irreversible action.
  • Record verification failures, delivery IDs, and acknowledgement outcomes without logging the signing secret.
  • Use delivery history and supported replay tools to recover events rejected during a cutover.

GitHub notes that a redelivered webhook retains the same X-GitHub-Delivery value, which can help identify duplicates. Treat that as GitHub-specific; use the stable identifier your own provider documents. See GitHub’s delivery guidance.

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Keep secrets secure and correctly scoped

Store both active secrets in an access-controlled secret store, scope them to the correct endpoint, and ensure configuration reaches every receiver instance. GitHub recommends a high-entropy random secret, secure storage, and HTTPS with SSL verification enabled. Never print secret values in logs or expose them in error messages. See GitHub’s security recommendations.

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Provider-specific timing and limits

Svix’s blog describes signing with both the old and new keys during an overlap. Its Go API documentation says that, for operational webhook endpoint rotation, the previous secret remains valid for 24 hours. That duration is specific to the documented API behavior; do not apply it to other Svix endpoint types or other vendors. See Svix’s rotation explanation and Svix Go API documentation.

GitHub’s best-practices guidance covers secure secrets, prompt responses, and redelivery, but the cited page does not document a dual-key rotation workflow. If your sender cannot overlap keys, a coordinated cutover can still cause a short period of failed authentication. Plan around that provider’s documented recovery and replay controls instead of assuming dual-secret support.

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