A LOMP stack is Linux running OpenLiteSpeed, MariaDB and PHP. The most reliable installation path on a production server is to add the OpenLiteSpeed package repository, install the web server and a matching LSPHP package, install MariaDB separately, harden the database, then connect the PHP runtime to an OpenLiteSpeed virtual host. A bundled one-click script is faster for a new WordPress server, while the ols command is useful when you need repeatable, parameterized deployments.
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Start with a clean 64-bit Linux server, administrative access, a domain whose DNS you control, and an explicit plan for ports 80, 443 and 7080. Choose one installation route below; do not mix a one-click deployment with a second manual installation of the same components.
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LOMP names the four layers involved:
- Linux: the operating system and its package, service and firewall tools.
- OpenLiteSpeed: the event-driven web server that accepts HTTP and HTTPS traffic, serves static files and forwards dynamic requests.
- MariaDB: the relational database used by applications such as content-management systems and custom PHP software.
- PHP: the application runtime. OpenLiteSpeed runs PHP through its LiteSpeed SAPI implementation, normally called LSPHP.
These components are separate packages and services. Installing the web server does not automatically create a database, and installing PHP does not automatically configure a virtual host or database credentials. Treat the installation as four checkpoints: packages installed, services running, web-server routing configured and the application verified end to end.
Prerequisites and port planning
Use a supported, clean operating system
The repository documentation currently lists CentOS 8 through 10, Debian 11 through 13 and Ubuntu 22, 24 and 26, together with common Red Hat derivatives. “Supported” changes as distributions reach end of life, so confirm the current list before provisioning a server, especially if you are using an older image. Use a 64-bit installation and begin with a host that does not already run another web server, database daemon or control panel.
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Have the required access
- A root shell or a user that can run
sudo. - Outbound package-repository access from the server.
- DNS control for the domain or subdomain that will point to the server.
- A backup location for MariaDB data and configuration.
Reserve the network ports
HTTP clients need port 80 and HTTPS clients need port 443. OpenLiteSpeed WebAdmin uses port 7080 by default. The command-line installer specifically expects those ports to be available; stop or reconfigure any service already listening there before you start. Restrict 7080 to your administration network or VPN rather than exposing it broadly to the internet.
Choose an installation route
All three routes install the same broad stack, but they make different trade-offs.
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| Route | Automation | Version and package control | WordPress included | Repeatability and preview | Work left after installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Repository | Low to moderate; you install each layer explicitly. | Highest transparency. You select the available LSPHP package and install its database extension. | No. | Good for documented shell scripts and configuration management; no bundled dry-run workflow is described. | Configure MariaDB, the WebAdmin account, listener, virtual host, document root and PHP external application. |
| One-click script | Highest. The script can install OpenLiteSpeed, LSPHP and MariaDB in one pass. | Less granular; use the script’s currently offered options. | Yes, when run with -W; LiteSpeed Cache is included in that WordPress path. |
Convenient for a fresh, single-purpose server; it is not a substitute for reviewing what the script changes. | Check the generated services and site, set or verify administration credentials, and finish DNS, TLS and application configuration. |
ols CLI |
High and parameterized. | Flags select PHP versions, database choices and listener options as supported by the installed CLI. | Depends on the options you select. | Includes --dry-run, making it the best route for rehearsing an automated deployment. |
Apply the approved plan, then perform the same virtual-host, DNS, TLS and security checks. |
Choose the repository route when you want every package operation visible and repeatable. Choose the one-click script for a clean WordPress-oriented deployment where speed matters more than granular control. Choose ols when you are automating several servers or need to preview a parameterized install.
Route 1: install from the OpenLiteSpeed repository
1. Add the repository and refresh package metadata
Use the repository setup command published for your exact distribution and release, then refresh the package index. Repository bootstrap commands change as signing keys and supported releases change, so copy the current command from the OpenLiteSpeed repository documentation rather than reusing an old script.
sudo apt updateOn a Red Hat-family system, use the corresponding current repository instructions and your distribution’s package manager. Do not combine Debian packages with a Red Hat repository.
2. Install OpenLiteSpeed
sudo apt install openlitespeedThe package creates the OpenLiteSpeed installation and its system service. Confirm that the service is present before proceeding:
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3. Install a matching LSPHP runtime
Pick a PHP branch that is available for your operating-system release and that your application supports. Keep the branch number consistent in every package name. For example, the repository documentation uses the Debian/Ubuntu packages lsphp84, lsphp84-common and lsphp84-mysql:
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sudo apt install lsphp84 lsphp84-common lsphp84-mysqlThe lsphp*-mysql package is the connection layer PHP needs for MariaDB and MySQL-compatible databases. Add other extensions only when your application requires them. If you choose another supported branch, replace 84 consistently; do not install a PHP executable from one branch and its database extension from another.
4. Confirm the runtime and extension
/usr/local/lsws/lsphp84/bin/php -v
/usr/local/lsws/lsphp84/bin/php -m | grep -i mysqliThe exact installation path can vary with the package and branch. If that path is absent, locate the installed LSPHP binary under /usr/local/lsws/ and use the matching directory. The module check should show a MySQL-compatible driver such as mysqli or pdo_mysql; a PHP version alone does not prove that database connections will work.
Route 2: use the one-click installer
Install only the server and PHP components
On a clean server, run the current one-click installer command without the WordPress switch to install OpenLiteSpeed and its PHP components. This leaves you responsible for installing and configuring your application and database workflow.
Install a bundled WordPress stack
Run the installer with -W:
ols1clk.sh -WThis mode installs OpenLiteSpeed, LSPHP, MariaDB, WordPress and LiteSpeed Cache. It is appropriate when WordPress is the intended workload and you want the components provisioned together. Review the script’s prompts and output, record any generated credentials, and do not assume that a successful script exit means DNS, HTTPS or the final virtual host is ready.
Prepare DNS before automatic certificates
If you use the installer’s automatic certificate option, point the domain’s DNS record at the server first. Certificate issuance must be able to reach the host for the requested name. A certificate attempt made before DNS propagation or before port 80 is reachable will fail; correct DNS and firewall conditions and then rerun the certificate step according to the installer documentation.
Route 3: automate with the ols CLI
Preview changes first
The CLI supports PHP-version flags, database selection, listener options and a dry-run mode. On a clean host, inspect the options exposed by the version installed on your system:
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sudo ols install --dry-runSelect the PHP branch and database option explicitly when the help output offers them. The exact flag names are version-sensitive; use the labels printed by --help instead of copying flags from an older tutorial.
Apply the reviewed plan
sudo ols installRun the command only after confirming that ports 80, 443 and 7080 are free and that the host is disposable or backed up. Save the command line and its output in your deployment records so another administrator can reproduce the same choices. After completion, check the installed service units and package versions before creating a production site.
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Install and harden MariaDB
Install the server and client packages
If you used the repository route without a database bundle, install both the MariaDB server and client packages from your distribution. On Debian or Ubuntu, the package names are:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-clientUse the equivalent current packages from your Red Hat-family distribution when applicable. The server package provides the daemon; the client package supplies tools such as the command-line SQL client that you will need for administration and testing.
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Run the hardening wizard
sudo mariadb-secure-installationAnswer the prompts deliberately. The hardening routine can:
- Set or change credentials for the database administrator account.
- Remove root accounts that are accessible from outside the local machine.
- Delete anonymous database users.
- Remove the default test database and permissions associated with it.
Removing externally accessible root accounts prevents a high-value administrative login from being tested over the network. Anonymous users provide no useful identity for a production application, and the test database is unnecessary attack surface. Create a separate, least-privileged database user for each application instead of giving an application the root account.
Verify the service
sudo systemctl status mariadb
sudo mariadb -e "SELECT VERSION();"The status should show an active service, and the SQL query should return a MariaDB version. If authentication fails after hardening, use the administrative method selected during the wizard and do not weaken the server by re-enabling remote root access.
Configure OpenLiteSpeed for PHP
Set the WebAdmin password
OpenLiteSpeed’s WebAdmin console listens on port 7080. Set its administrator password with the bundled utility:
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sudo /usr/local/lsws/admin/misc/admpass.shStore the password in a password manager. Visit the console over an administrative network path and restrict port 7080 at the firewall. The WebAdmin account is independent of Linux and MariaDB accounts; changing one does not change the others.
Create or review the listener
In WebAdmin, open the listener configuration and confirm that an HTTP listener is bound to port 80 and an HTTPS listener is bound to port 443 when TLS is configured. A listener must map the requested host name to a virtual host; an open port without that mapping can return the default page or the wrong site.
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Create the virtual host and document root
- Create a directory for the site, such as
/var/www/example, and assign ownership and permissions that let OpenLiteSpeed read static files and write only to directories that the application actually needs. - In WebAdmin, create a virtual host and set its document root to that directory. Use the real domain name in the virtual-host mapping.
- Attach the virtual host to the HTTP and, after certificates are installed, HTTPS listeners.
- Save the configuration and perform the required graceful restart when WebAdmin offers it.
Do not point a production virtual host at a home directory or a directory containing database dumps, private keys or deployment credentials.
Define the PHP external application
OpenLiteSpeed runs PHP through an external application. In WebAdmin, add a LiteSpeed SAPI App (the label may be shown under external applications), set its command to the LSPHP binary for the branch you installed, and assign a suitable process limit for the server’s memory. A typical path has this form:
/usr/local/lsws/lsphp84/bin/lsphpUse the path that exists on your host; the branch number is not interchangeable. Configure the virtual host’s script handler so files ending in .php are sent to this LSPHP application. Save, gracefully restart OpenLiteSpeed and check the error log if the handler will not start.
Create an application database and user
After MariaDB is secured, connect locally as an administrator and create a database with a dedicated account. Replace the names and password with values unique to your application:
sudo mariadb
CREATE DATABASE appdb CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
CREATE USER 'appuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'use-a-long-random-password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON appdb.* TO 'appuser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;Keep the account host restricted to localhost when the PHP application and MariaDB share one server. If a separate application host is genuinely required, create a narrowly scoped account for its fixed address and enforce firewall rules; do not open MariaDB to every internet address.
Point DNS at the server and enable HTTPS
- Create an address record for the domain or subdomain that points to the server’s public IP address.
- Wait for the record to resolve from an external network and confirm that port 80 reaches the intended listener.
- Install or request the certificate using the OpenLiteSpeed or one-click workflow appropriate to your route.
- Attach the certificate and private key to the HTTPS listener, map the same virtual host, then test both HTTP and HTTPS.
- Only after HTTPS works, decide whether to redirect HTTP to HTTPS and update the application URL.
Automatic certificate issuance is dependent on DNS and network reachability. A browser showing the default OpenLiteSpeed page usually indicates a listener-to-virtual-host mapping problem, not a MariaDB problem.
Verify every layer before deploying
Check services and listening ports
sudo systemctl status lsws
sudo systemctl status mariadb
sudo ss -lntp | grep -E ':(80|443|7080)b'Use the service name installed on your distribution if it differs from lsws. Port 7080 should not be publicly reachable unless you intentionally permit it.
Test static and PHP responses
Place a small index.html in the document root and request it with a browser or:
curl -I http://example.comFor PHP, create a temporary file containing:
<?php
phpinfo();Request it through the domain and confirm the displayed PHP branch and that the database extension is enabled. Delete the file immediately after checking it; phpinfo() exposes configuration details that should not remain public.
Test a database-backed PHP connection
Create a temporary script outside the public directory or protect it while testing:
<?php
$pdo = new PDO(
'mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=appdb;charset=utf8mb4',
'appuser',
'use-a-long-random-password',
[PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION]
);
echo 'Database connection OK';A successful response proves that the request reached the intended LSPHP handler and that PHP can authenticate to MariaDB. Remove the script and any copied credentials when the check is complete. This is a verification procedure, not a universal application test; each application still needs its own migration, upload, session and background-job checks.
Troubleshoot common failures
| Symptom | Likely cause | What to check |
|---|---|---|
| Package cannot be found | The LiteSpeed repository was not added for this release, or package metadata is stale. | Confirm the distribution and architecture, rerun the current repository bootstrap, then run the package index refresh. Do not substitute a package built for another release. |
| OpenLiteSpeed will not start | Port 80, 443 or a configured address is already in use, or the configuration has a syntax error. | Inspect ss -lntp, stop the conflicting service, and read the OpenLiteSpeed error log before restarting. |
| PHP files download or display as text | No PHP external application or script handler is attached to the virtual host. | Check the LSPHP binary path, the .php script-handler suffix and the virtual-host mapping, then perform a graceful restart. |
| “Class mysqli” or PDO-driver error | The LSPHP database extension is missing or was installed for a different PHP branch. | Check the active LSPHP binary with php -m and install the matching lsphpXX-mysql package. |
| MariaDB connection denied | Wrong credentials, wrong host value or an account that was removed by hardening. | Test locally with the dedicated account, confirm the database name and host, and review grants. Do not restore anonymous or remote-root access as a shortcut. |
| Certificate issuance fails | DNS still points elsewhere, port 80 is blocked, or the requested host name does not match the listener. | Resolve the name from outside the server, verify port 80, correct the listener mapping and retry. |
| WebAdmin is unreachable | Port 7080 is blocked, the service is down or the console is bound to a different address. | Check systemctl, local listening sockets and firewall rules. Keep the port restricted rather than opening it globally. |
Production hardening and maintenance
Limit administrative exposure
- Allow SSH and WebAdmin only from trusted addresses or a VPN.
- Keep MariaDB bound for local application use unless a documented remote topology requires otherwise.
- Use separate, least-privileged database accounts and long random passwords.
- Remove temporary
phpinfo()files, installer scripts and database dumps from web-accessible directories. - Use HTTPS for every authenticated application and redirect plain HTTP after verifying the certificate.
Patch and back up
Keep the operating system, OpenLiteSpeed packages, LSPHP branch and MariaDB packages updated within the support window. Before a major PHP or distribution upgrade, capture a database backup and a copy of OpenLiteSpeed virtual-host and listener configuration. Test restoring a backup on a separate host; a backup that has never been restored is only an assumption.
Monitor the services
Monitor the OpenLiteSpeed and MariaDB systemd units, disk space, memory, certificate expiry and application error logs. A full disk can stop MariaDB even while the process appears configured correctly, and an exhausted PHP worker pool can look like a database outage. Record the PHP branch and package names used so future administrators can reproduce the working combination.
When to choose each route
Choose the repository route for controlled builds
This is the clearest option for a team that wants package installation visible in code, a deliberately selected PHP branch and an explicit separation between web-server, PHP and database changes. It requires the most post-install configuration, but that work is inspectable and easy to document.
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The -W mode removes much of the initial assembly by installing WordPress, MariaDB and LiteSpeed Cache with OpenLiteSpeed and LSPHP. Use it on a clean server, record the credentials and still perform the DNS, certificate, firewall and backup checks yourself.
Choose the CLI for repeatable automation
The ols command is the practical middle ground for scripted provisioning: select options, preview with --dry-run, apply the plan and retain the command in version control. Its flags and available versions are tied to the installed release, so inspect help output on the target system instead of assuming that an example from another date still applies.
Version caveat
Operating-system support, PHP package names, available PHP branches and MariaDB options are volatile. Recheck the current OpenLiteSpeed repository, one-click and CLI documentation at publication time and whenever you rebuild a server. If your distribution is approaching end of life, migrate to a supported release before troubleshooting package or repository errors.
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