The supported route is Mojang’s official Bedrock Dedicated Server (BDS) for Linux on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS or later. Download the current Linux ZIP, extract it into its own directory, run chmod +x bedrock_server, and start it with LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./bedrock_server. The first launch creates the configuration and a default world. You then set the server ports, open the matching firewall and router rules, keep online-mode=true for console authentication, and run the process under systemd for reliable uptime.
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Port behavior depends on the BDS release. Older RakNet-based setups use UDP 19132 and 19133 by default, while newer releases may require NetherNet, with TCP signaling and a configurable UDP gameplay range. Always read the startup log and the release notes for the exact build you install.
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Use a supported Linux distribution
Mojang’s official Bedrock Dedicated Server download page requires Ubuntu 22.04 LTS or later for the Linux build. Microsoft Learn has older guidance that describes Ubuntu 18 or later as recommended, but the download-page requirement is the more specific and current baseline. Use Ubuntu 22.04 LTS or a newer supported Ubuntu release if you want to stay within the documented requirement.
A community guide reports that Debian 12 or newer can work, but official support for Debian is not established here. If you choose a different distribution, you may need to solve library, service, and firewall differences yourself.
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Prepare a dedicated account and directory
Keep the server files separate from your personal home directory when possible. A dedicated Linux account limits the damage a compromised game process could cause and makes ownership and systemd permissions predictable. You can test interactively in ~/MinecraftServer, then move the finished setup to a directory such as /srv/minecraft-bedrock for service operation.
Plan connectivity
Players on the same home network can usually connect through the host’s private address. Players outside your network need a public route: a firewall rule on the Linux host and a port-forwarding rule on the router. The required protocol and ports depend on whether your BDS version uses the older RakNet transport or NetherNet.
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Install the official Bedrock Dedicated Server
1. Download the current Linux package
- Open Mojang’s official Bedrock Dedicated Server download page.
- Choose the Linux server ZIP, not a Windows package.
- Check the version shown on that page immediately before downloading. Bedrock server builds change frequently, and clients normally need a compatible release to join.
- Save the ZIP on the Ubuntu machine, or copy it there with your preferred secure file-transfer method.
The download page is the authority for the current package and operating-system requirement. Do not rely on an old filename or an unofficial mirror when a new release is available.
2. Extract into an empty directory
Create a directory used only by this server and extract the archive there:
mkdir -p ~/MinecraftServer
cd ~/MinecraftServer
unzip <downloaded-file>.zipReplace <downloaded-file>.zip with the actual filename. Extracting into an empty directory avoids mixing obsolete libraries, worlds, or configuration files from another release.
3. Make the binary executable
cd ~/MinecraftServer
chmod +x bedrock_serverThe ZIP contains a Linux executable named bedrock_server. Without execute permission, Ubuntu will return a permission error instead of starting the server.
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4. Start it with the bundled libraries visible
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./bedrock_serverThe LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. prefix tells the dynamic linker to look in the current directory for the shared libraries shipped with BDS. Omitting it commonly produces missing-library errors even when the ZIP was extracted correctly.
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Leave the process running long enough to complete its initial setup. BDS creates configuration files and a default world during this first start. When the console has finished its startup work, stop it cleanly with Ctrl+C.
Configure server.properties
After the first launch, edit the generated server.properties in the same directory. Make one change at a time, save the file, and restart BDS so you can associate any error with the setting that caused it.
Choose the listening ports
For the older RakNet transport, the documented defaults are:
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| Setting | Default | Protocol | Use |
|---|---|---|---|
server-port |
19132 | UDP | IPv4 game traffic |
server-portv6 |
19133 | UDP | IPv6 game traffic |
If you change either value, the host firewall and router forwarding rules must use the same value. A port can be open on the router and still fail if Ubuntu blocks it, or vice versa.
Keep online authentication enabled
online-mode=trueWith online-mode=true, players authenticate through Xbox Live. This is the setting required for console players to join an internet-hosted server. Turning it off changes the trust model and removes the normal account-authentication path; do not disable it merely to work around a connection problem.
Understand LAN visibility
enable-lan-visibility defaults to true. One hosting guide reports that this can make BDS bind to 19132 and 19133 even when you choose different server-port values. Setting it to false reportedly stops that behavior. Because this behavior is documented by only one third-party source and may vary by release, verify the actual listening sockets in your BDS log and on the host before depending on it.
Open the Linux firewall
UFW rules for the older transport
On Ubuntu systems using UFW, allow the ports selected in server.properties. With the defaults:
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sudo ufw allow 19132/udp
sudo ufw allow 19133/udp
sudo ufw statusIf you changed the ports, substitute your values. If UFW is inactive, these commands do not by themselves create an active filtering policy; check your host’s actual firewall stack instead of assuming UFW is enforcing rules.
NetherNet changes the port plan
Documentation for the itzg Bedrock container describes NetherNet as follows: TCP 19132 carries NetherNet signaling for IPv4 and IPv6 clients, while gameplay UDP ports come from a range configured through SERVER_UDP_PORTS. That documentation also reports that BDS 1.26.51 logs an error saying NetherNet is the only supported transport.
Those details are version-specific. Before opening only UDP 19132 and 19133, read your server’s startup output. If it identifies NetherNet, allow TCP 19132 and the UDP range it requests or that your deployment configures. Do not guess a range from an older RakNet tutorial.
Forward the port on a home router
- Give the Linux host a stable private address, preferably with a DHCP reservation on the router.
- Open the router’s port-forwarding page.
- Create a rule for the BDS host’s private address using the exact external and internal port and protocol shown by your BDS version.
- For an older RakNet setup, forward UDP 19132 for IPv4 players and UDP 19133 if you intend to accept IPv6 traffic.
- For NetherNet, forward TCP 19132 plus the required gameplay UDP range.
- Save the rule and restart the server if necessary.
Test from a network outside your home, such as a phone hotspot. Testing from inside the same LAN can give misleading results because some routers do not support NAT loopback.
Run BDS as a systemd service
An interactive shell closes when you disconnect, and a crash leaves the world offline. systemd can start BDS at boot, restart it after a failure, and provide a consistent log location.
1. Create a service account and install directory
sudo useradd --system --home /srv/minecraft-bedrock --shell /usr/sbin/nologin minecraft
sudo mkdir -p /srv/minecraft-bedrock
sudo cp -a ~/MinecraftServer/. /srv/minecraft-bedrock/
sudo chown -R minecraft:minecraft /srv/minecraft-bedrock
sudo chmod +x /srv/minecraft-bedrock/bedrock_serverIf your files are already in another location, copy that directory instead. The service account must own the executable, configuration, world, and log files it needs to write.
2. Create the unit file
Create /etc/systemd/system/minecraft-bedrock.service with:
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[Unit]
Description=Minecraft Bedrock Dedicated Server
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
User=minecraft
Group=minecraft
WorkingDirectory=/srv/minecraft-bedrock
Environment=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=.
ExecStart=/srv/minecraft-bedrock/bedrock_server
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targetThe working directory matters because BDS expects its bundled libraries and data files beside the executable. The environment line preserves the same library lookup that worked during manual testing.
3. Enable and inspect the service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable --now minecraft-bedrock
sudo systemctl status minecraft-bedrock
sudo journalctl -u minecraft-bedrock -fenable --now starts the server immediately and configures it to start at boot. Follow the journal while checking ports, authentication, and world loading. Stop it with sudo systemctl stop minecraft-bedrock before editing files or taking a consistent backup.
Back up worlds and update safely
Make a consistent backup
Stop BDS before copying the world. A simple archive from the installation directory is:
sudo systemctl stop minecraft-bedrock
sudo tar -czf /var/backups/minecraft-bedrock-$(date +%F).tar.gz -C /srv minecraft-bedrock
sudo systemctl start minecraft-bedrockStore at least one copy outside the server disk. A local archive protects against accidental edits; it does not protect against disk failure, ransomware, or loss of the entire machine.
Apply a new BDS release
- Record the current version and stop the service.
- Copy the existing directory to a dated backup location.
- Download the new Linux ZIP from the official page.
- Extract the new server files into a clean staging directory.
- Copy your world directories and reviewed configuration into the staging directory, preserving ownership.
- Replace the live directory only after checking the new executable and permissions.
- Start the service and read the journal for migration or transport messages.
Do not overwrite the only copy of a working world while experimenting with a new build. If the new version will not start or clients cannot connect, restore the dated directory and investigate with the new release’s notes and console output.
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“Permission denied” when starting
- Run
chmod +x bedrock_serverin the server directory. - Check ownership with
ls -l; the systemd account must be able to read and execute the binary. - Confirm that the filesystem is not mounted with an execution-blocking option.
Missing shared-library errors
Start from the BDS directory with LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./bedrock_server. For systemd, confirm that WorkingDirectory points to the directory containing the bundled libraries and that Environment=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. is present.
Players cannot connect from the internet
- Confirm that BDS is running and listening on the expected address and port.
- Check the Ubuntu firewall rules.
- Check the router’s destination address and protocol.
- Test from an external network rather than the same LAN.
- Read the BDS log to determine whether the release expects RakNet or NetherNet.
A router rule for UDP 19132 will not satisfy a NetherNet deployment that expects TCP signaling and additional gameplay UDP ports.
Console players fail authentication
Verify that online-mode=true is present and that the server can reach the services needed for Xbox Live authentication. Do not treat disabling online mode as a permanent fix; it removes the normal authentication path.
The server ignores a custom port
Check enable-lan-visibility, the startup log, and the actual socket bindings. The reported behavior of binding 19132 and 19133 despite custom values is not confirmed for every release. If the log shows NetherNet, follow its TCP and UDP requirements instead of older RakNet instructions.
The systemd service exits immediately
- Run
sudo journalctl -u minecraft-bedrock -band read the first error, not only the final exit status. - Run the same executable manually as the service user from the configured working directory.
- Check that the path in
ExecStartis correct and executable. - Verify write permission for the world and configuration directories.
- Reload systemd after every unit-file edit with
sudo systemctl daemon-reload.
Choose the right connection method
Players on the same LAN
Use the Linux host’s private IP address and the port shown in the server configuration or startup log. LAN discovery can be affected by enable-lan-visibility, firewall policy, and whether the release uses NetherNet, so direct connection testing is more reliable than assuming the world will appear automatically.
Players outside the home
Use the public address associated with the router and forward the correct protocol and ports to the Linux host. If the internet service uses carrier-grade NAT, inbound forwarding may be impossible without a different network arrangement; the router page will not fix an upstream address that is not publicly reachable.
Console cross-play
Bedrock consoles can authenticate through Xbox Live when the server runs with online-mode=true. They still need a reachable server endpoint and a compatible BDS/client release. Authentication, port forwarding, and version compatibility are separate checks; fixing one does not automatically fix the others.
Operational checklist
- Ubuntu 22.04 LTS or later is installed.
- The BDS ZIP came from Mojang’s official download page.
- The archive was extracted into a dedicated directory.
bedrock_serveris executable.- The first launch completed and generated
server.properties. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=.is used for manual and systemd starts.online-mode=trueremains enabled.- The firewall and router match the transport and ports shown by the running BDS release.
- The service runs under a dedicated Linux account.
- Backups are taken while the server is stopped and at least one copy is stored elsewhere.
- After every update, the console log is checked for transport changes such as NetherNet.
For a current Ubuntu installation, the dependable sequence is: install the official Linux BDS package, launch it with its bundled libraries, configure authentication and ports, verify the transport in the log, open only the required firewall and router rules, and hand the process to systemd. That approach supports ordinary LAN play, internet hosting, and authenticated Bedrock console access while leaving version-specific networking decisions to the release you are actually running.
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