If VICIdial AMD is not working, first determine whether the problem is the classification or what happens after it. Asterisk’s AMD() analyzes an outbound call after answer and sets AMDSTATUS and AMDCAUSE; VICIdial’s post-AMD script and dialplan then decide where the call goes. Capture both variables on a representative call before changing thresholds. An empty value is different from a named status: Asterisk documents empty variables when detection could not be performed.
Start with the result, not a threshold change
For a test call, record the running Asterisk and VICIdial versions, the campaign in use, the arguments passed to AMD(), the effective amd.conf values, and the call’s AMDSTATUS and AMDCAUSE. Preserve a representative call recording or trace if your environment permits it. Asterisk documents MACHINE, HUMAN, NOTSURE, and HANGUP as possible statuses. The cause describes the condition behind the result; it is the more useful clue for choosing what to inspect next. See the Asterisk 22 AMD application reference.
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- Wrong classification: compare the named cause with the audio and the threshold that triggered it.
- Undecided call: check whether the result is
NOTSURE,TOOLONG, or empty, rather than treating them as interchangeable. - Wrong destination: trace the post-AMD script and dialplan even if Asterisk’s classification is correct.
- Slow decision: inspect the total analysis-time setting and the actual point at which the call is answered or ends.
Asterisk’s AMD parameters are measured in milliseconds. Arguments supplied to AMD() override defaults from amd.conf, so editing the file alone may not change the active behavior. The application reference documents the arguments, while the sample amd.conf shows example values—not universal settings for every release, carrier, or campaign.
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1. Initial silence triggers the wrong classification
If AMDCAUSE is INITIALSILENCE, inspect the active initialSilence threshold and compare it with the call’s opening audio. A call with a pause before speech may cross this limit. Adjust only after checking several representative calls; a change that helps one call pattern can misclassify another. Asterisk documents the trigger in its AMD reference.
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2. A human greeting exceeds the greeting limit
LONGGREETING points to the greeting-duration rule. A long human introduction can be classified as a machine when it exceeds the configured greeting limit. Compare the actual greeting and active argument before changing the threshold; do not assume that every long greeting is a voicemail.
3. After-greeting silence produces an unexpected human result
If the cause is HUMAN, inspect afterGreetingSilence. Asterisk documents that exceeding this silence threshold results in a human classification. Review the audio around the greeting and silence boundary before tuning: silence after a greeting can occur in more than one call scenario.
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4. Word segmentation crosses a machine threshold
For MAXWORDS or MAXWORDLENGTH, inspect the configured maximum number of words, maximum word length, and silence-between-words threshold. Compare the segmentation behavior with recordings. Rapid speech, pauses, or a phrase that the detector treats as one long word can affect which rule is reached.
5. Analysis reaches its time limit
TOOLONG indicates that the configured total analysis period was exceeded. Check totalAnalysisTime and the call trace to establish how long AMD ran. This setting bounds the decision period; increasing it may delay routing, so evaluate both the classification and the time cost on representative calls.
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6. AMD receives no usable audio
NOAUDIODATA, or empty AMDSTATUS and AMDCAUSE, calls for checking the audio path rather than adjusting speech thresholds. Asterisk documents empty variables when detection could not be performed. Trace whether usable audio reaches the detector and review the call path before changing timing settings.
7. The wrong configuration layer was changed
Compare the arguments actually passed to AMD() with the defaults in amd.conf. Per-call arguments override file defaults, so an apparently correct edit to the configuration file may have no effect on the campaign’s active dialplan. Confirm the effective values on the call path you are troubleshooting.
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8. Asterisk classifies correctly but VICIdial routes incorrectly
Once the AMD result is known, follow the active dialplan forward. VICIdial’s VD_amd.agi repository entry describes the script as running after a call goes through AMD to send it to the proper destination, and its example places the AMD step before the script. Verify that the active path invokes the expected script and inspect the subsequent transfer or agent-routing logic. A wrong destination is not necessarily an AMD threshold problem.
9. The stock detector does not fit the use case
Consider a separately integrated classifier only after you have checked the active versions, call audio, AMD output, and routing. A VICIdial-hosted KHOMP integration guide, updated 2024-10-21, describes a gateway that analyzes call audio and returns a conclusion or pattern for VICIdial to act on. This is a different architecture, with integration prerequisites and regional tuning—not a one-line change to AMD(). The guide’s version-specific instructions should be checked against the releases in use.
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Tune one documented cause at a time
Asterisk’s documented parameters cover initial silence, greeting length, after-greeting silence, total analysis time, minimum word length, silence between words, maximum word count, silence threshold, maximum word length, and optional audio playback during analysis. The sample amd.conf includes 5000 ms total analysis time, 2500 ms initial silence, 800 ms after-greeting silence, 1500 ms greeting, 50 ms between-words silence, a maximum of two words, and a silence threshold of 256. These are sample-file values, not recommendations or guarantees for your installation.
- Capture a baseline: record versions, active campaign, call arguments, file defaults, status, cause, and a representative audio trace.
- Map the cause: use the documented cause to identify the relevant parameter or audio-path condition.
- Change only the matching setting: confirm whether the live
AMD()arguments oramd.confcontrol the effective value. - Repeat on varied calls: include examples that represent the actual calling regions and greeting patterns, then compare both classifications and decision time.
- Validate routing separately: confirm the call’s post-AMD script execution and final dialplan destination.
The Asterisk reference establishes what each threshold does, but it does not prescribe one setting that works across carriers, releases, and campaigns. A useful tuning change should improve the intended call cases without creating a new misclassification pattern.
When to evaluate a gateway classifier
The KHOMP guide outlines a gateway approach with VICIdial revision prerequisites, integration configuration, test calls, and tuning with a KHOMP technician for regional conditions. It is evidence of an integration path, not proof that it is compatible with every current deployment or that it will improve a particular operator’s results. Evaluate it against the stock path using representative calls, and verify compatibility and requirements for the exact software versions before planning a change.
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