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Most XboxRecomp Windows errors are caused by using the wrong project directory, skipping code generation, or pointing the executable at incomplete game data—not by a DLL you should download. Keep the toolkit and title project separate, generate into the title’s src/recomp/gen/ directory, build from that title project, and then diagnose runtime shaders and assets from their exact log paths.
Identify which stage failed before changing anything
XboxRecomp failures fall into three different stages. A compiler failure happens before an executable exists. A Windows loader failure occurs while Windows is starting an executable. A runtime failure occurs after the title has started, when generated code, graphics translation, kernel behavior, or game data is exercised. The same word—“missing”—can describe completely different fixes.
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| Observed symptom | Stage | Most likely cause | First corrective action |
|---|---|---|---|
error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'recomp_types.h' |
Compile time | Code generation did not complete, or generated output is outside the game target’s source tree | Regenerate with --gen-dir set to the game project’s src/recomp/gen/ |
| CMake builds libraries but no title EXE appears | Configure/build time | CMake was run in the xboxrecomp/ toolkit directory instead of the copied game project |
Configure and build from the game project directory |
| Windows reports a missing module when launching | Windows loader | A real toolchain or title-runtime dependency is absent, or the executable is being launched from the wrong layout | Record the exact module name and verify the supported dependency and launch path; do not download a random DLL |
| A shader identifier fails after the title starts | Runtime graphics | Incomplete data, an uncached translation, or unsupported D3D11/NV2A behavior | Capture the shader ID, cache state, and preceding graphics log lines |
| An asset cannot be opened | Runtime data/decoder | Wrong extraction, wrong relative path, case mismatch, or an unsupported title-specific format | Check the exact relative path, current working directory, and Win32 error before editing rendering code |
Use the Windows layout XboxRecomp expects
Keep the toolkit and game project in separate directories
The repository commonly called xboxrecomp/ is the toolkit. Its CMake targets build static libraries and support code; it is not the title application. The executable belongs to a separate project, such as my_xbox_game/, created from templates/new-game/. The toolkit has no title main(), so configuring it alone cannot produce your game EXE.
Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsCopy the complete templates/new-game/ directory rather than trying to assemble an empty project. In the copied project’s CMakeLists.txt, set the path that points back to your XboxRecomp checkout. Keep that path stable while you generate and build; moving one directory without updating the other can make headers or libraries appear to be missing.
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Install the documented Windows prerequisites
- Windows 10 or Windows 11.
- Visual Studio 2022 with the Desktop development with C++ workload.
- CMake 3.20 or newer.
- Python 3.10 or newer with Capstone installed for the recompiler tooling.
- Git.
- An original Xbox game disc image that you own, plus an ISO/XISO extraction tool.
Windows uses XboxRecomp’s D3D11 path. The game image and extracted files are title-specific; the development tools do not supply a universal game-data package.
Prepare the copied title project
Set the three title-specific values in src/main.c
The new-game template initializes the crash handler, XBE handling, memory layout, kernel, path layer, and bridge layer before dispatching generated code. Before generation or compilation, edit src/main.c and set:
- The XBE entry point.
- The path to the title’s XBE, normally
default.xbeafter extraction. YOUR_GAME_DIR, the game-data directory used at runtime.
Use paths that match the directory from which you will launch the finished executable. A correct file on disk is still “missing” if YOUR_GAME_DIR points somewhere else or if the process working directory changes.
Keep the XBE and data from one owned image
Extract the XBE and all data files from the same disc image. Do not combine a default.xbe from one release with assets from another, and preserve the extracted directory structure and filename case. Asset formats and lookup conventions are title-specific, so a generic asset pack cannot be assumed to work with another game.
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Generate code into the directory CMake actually scans
Why recomp_types.h is missing
recomp_types.h is generated by the recompiler. It is not a hand-authored prerequisite and should not be downloaded or written manually. A compiler message for that header means generation failed, stopped early, or wrote its output somewhere the game target does not include.
Regeneration procedure
- Open a terminal in the copied game project, not in the toolkit checkout.
- Inspect the previous generator output. Find the line that says where the header and generated C files were written. If there is no successful write message, treat generation as incomplete.
- Remove stale generated output in the game project if an earlier run used the wrong location. Do not delete the template or the toolkit libraries.
- Run the recompiler’s documented generation command with
--gen-dirset to the game project’ssrc/recomp/gen/directory, for example--gen-dir "C:pathtomy_xbox_gamesrcrecompgen". - Verify that
recomp_types.hand the generated C sources now exist under that exact directory. Check spelling, drive letter, and capitalization in the path. - Only after the files are present, configure CMake from the game project and compile it.
The location matters because the title project’s CMake configuration globs or otherwise includes generated sources under src/recomp/gen/. Generating into a sibling folder can appear successful while leaving the compiler unable to see the files.
When generation still produces no header
- Read the generator’s final error rather than the last compiler error; the compiler is only reporting the missing result.
- Confirm Python and Capstone are available to the same environment that launches the generator.
- Check that the XBE path and entry-point settings identify the intended title.
- Run generation again after clearing only stale generated output, then verify the write path before touching CMake.
Configure and build the game executable
Run these commands from the root of the copied game project—the directory containing its CMakeLists.txt—not from xboxrecomp/:
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cmake -S . -B buildcmake --build build --config Release
The first command creates the build system; the second requests the Release configuration. Visual Studio uses multi-configuration generators, so --config Release selects the intended configuration at build time.
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If libraries build but no EXE is created
Check the directory shown in the terminal prompt and the source path printed by CMake. If it is the toolkit checkout, start over in the game project. The toolkit can legitimately finish by producing static libraries because it contains reusable runtime code, while the copied title project supplies the executable target and its main().
If CMake was configured in the wrong place, use a fresh build directory in the game project rather than reusing a cache created for the toolkit. CMake caches source and target paths; changing directories without changing the cache can preserve the original mistake.
Fix a missing DLL without making the system less reliable
Classify the message and record evidence
First write down the exact module name and where the message came from: a compiler diagnostic, the Windows loader dialog, or an XboxRecomp runtime log. Also record the path from which the process attempted to load it. These details distinguish a missing build dependency from a title-specific runtime implementation.
| Message source | What it usually means | Safe next step |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Studio/compiler | An import library, header, or build-time component is not available to the configured target | Fix the project/toolkit path and the installed C++ toolchain; rebuild after generation succeeds |
| Windows loader before the window appears | The EXE cannot resolve a runtime module or is launched with an incorrect neighboring-file layout | Verify the supported toolchain runtime, executable directory, and launch working directory |
| XboxRecomp log after startup | The title called a function whose runtime behavior is not yet implemented, or a title-owned module is absent | Use the log and title project to implement or stub the required behavior |
Do not download an arbitrary DLL
Downloading a similarly named DLL from an unrelated site can create an ABI mismatch, mask the original path error, or introduce untrusted code. Install or repair only a dependency that belongs to the documented Visual Studio/CMake/Python toolchain or to the title’s own runtime implementation. If the module name does not correspond to either, return to the project and launch-path checks instead of copying files into system directories.
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Check architecture and launch layout
Keep the built executable, the files it is expected to load, and the configured game directory in the layout used by the template. Launch from that layout while debugging so relative paths are deterministic. A module that exists elsewhere on the disk is not a valid fix if the process never searches that directory.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Diagnose missing or failed shaders on Windows
Understand the D3D11 path
On Windows, XboxRecomp uses the D3D11 backend. Its runtime translates Xbox NV2A graphics behavior and shader microcode toward HLSL and maintains shader translation and cache behavior. A shader error is therefore a runtime translation or data problem, not evidence that a random desktop shader DLL is missing.
Collect the three pieces of graphics evidence
- Copy the exact shader identifier or microcode identifier from the log.
- Record whether the corresponding translation was already cached, being created, or rejected.
- Copy the graphics log lines immediately before the failure, including any unsupported D3D or NV2A operation.
Then confirm that the game data is complete and that YOUR_GAME_DIR resolves relative to the executable as configured in main.c. An absent shader blob or texture can produce a graphics-looking failure even when the underlying issue is extraction.
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If the log names an unsupported D3D or NV2A operation, follow the normal iterative path: add a title-specific implementation or a deliberate stub, rebuild, and run again. A stub can move execution forward for diagnosis, but it may produce incorrect rendering; replace it with a real implementation when the title requires the behavior. Keep the shader identifier and preceding log lines with the change so a later failure can be tied to the same operation.
Fix missing game assets and decoder failures
Verify files before changing rendering code
- Confirm that
default.xbeand every extracted data file came from the same owned disc image. - Compare the on-disk tree with the title’s expected structure, preserving directory names and filename case.
- Run the executable from the directory layout configured in
main.c. - When an open fails, capture the exact relative path requested by the title, the process’s current working directory, and the Win32 error code or message.
- Resolve a wrong path, missing extraction, or case mismatch before editing the renderer.
Separate “not found” from “cannot decode”
If the logged path is absent, repair extraction or path configuration. If the file is present but decoding fails, trace the title’s asset loader and the runtime function it calls. Because formats are title-specific, there is no universal replacement asset or decoder that can be assumed to work. The useful question is which loader function received the file and what operation it rejected.
Expect an initial crash and use it as a debugging loop
The project README states: “The first time you run a recompiled game, it will crash. That’s normal.” That warning describes an iterative porting process, not a reason to ignore every crash. The first failure identifies the next unsupported behavior to implement.
- Run the executable from a terminal and preserve stderr instead of relying only on a GUI crash dialog.
- Identify whether the first failing call concerns Xbox hardware behavior, kernel behavior, graphics, file I/O, or an indirect call.
- Stub or implement the required function in the title project, choosing a stub only when its limitations are understood.
- Fix indirect calls when the trace shows an invalid or unresolved target.
- Add reusable runtime support when the behavior is needed by more than one call site.
- Rebuild and rerun, keeping the first new error separate from earlier resolved messages.
Use the available traces
- The ICALL trace ring buffer helps identify the sequence leading to an indirect-call failure.
- Memory logging can show which address or region was accessed immediately before a crash.
- A native debugger can stop at the faulting instruction and inspect arguments, registers, and the title’s call path.
Do not treat a later shader or asset error as proof that the earlier crash was fixed unless the title has actually progressed past the original failing call. Keep each run’s stderr and code change associated with the corresponding failure.
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| Question | If the answer is yes | Fix category |
|---|---|---|
| Does the failure occur before an EXE exists? | It is build-time | Correct the toolkit/game-project boundary, regenerate, and rebuild |
| Is a generated file outside the game source tree? | The target cannot compile it | Regenerate with --gen-dir pointing to src/recomp/gen/ |
| Does Windows fail before title code runs? | It is a loader or launch-layout issue | Verify the supported dependency and executable layout; never use an arbitrary DLL |
| Is the requested game file absent? | It is data or extraction | Restore the matching image data and correct YOUR_GAME_DIR or the working directory |
| Is the file present but an operation unsupported? | It is title-runtime behavior | Trace the loader, graphics, kernel, or hardware call and implement or stub it |
| Will several title calls need the same behavior? | A one-off workaround will not scale | Add a reusable runtime implementation rather than repeating local patches |
A clean recovery sequence
When several errors appear together, use this order so one failure does not conceal another:
- Reconfirm the Windows prerequisites and that Python can load Capstone.
- Separate
xboxrecomp/from the copiedmy_xbox_game/project. - Set the toolkit path in the game project’s
CMakeLists.txt. - Set the XBE entry point, XBE path, and
YOUR_GAME_DIRinsrc/main.c. - Regenerate into
my_xbox_game/src/recomp/gen/and verifyrecomp_types.hexists there. - Configure and build from the game project with
cmake -S . -B buildfollowed bycmake --build build --config Release. - Launch with the matching XBE and extracted data in the configured layout.
- For a loader error, verify the exact module and supported dependency. For a shader error, capture the identifier, cache state, and graphics lines. For an asset error, capture the relative path, working directory, and Win32 result.
- Use stderr, the ICALL ring buffer, memory logging, or a debugger to implement or stub the first unsupported behavior, then iterate.
This sequence keeps build-time generation, Windows loading, graphics translation, and title data separate. That separation is what turns a vague “missing DLL/shader/asset” report into a specific path, dependency, extraction, or runtime-code fix.
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