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Freedom251 › Blog › bank stocks

How to Check South Indian Bank’s Financial Health Before Investing

By Freedom251 Team · · 9 min read

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South Indian Bank’s disclosed FY2024-25 and FY2025-26 trends are constructive, but they do not by themselves make the stock safe. Deposits, advances, profit, capital adequacy and headline asset-quality ratios all improved in the reported FY2025-26 figures. Before investing, verify that the improvement is continuing in the latest quarter, that recoveries exceed new slippages, that provisions remain adequate, and that the share price reasonably reflects sustainable earnings rather than a single good year.

What the latest disclosed numbers say

The most useful starting point is a like-for-like comparison of the bank’s scale, earnings, capital and bad-loan ratios. FY2024-25 figures come from South Indian Bank’s audited annual report dated July 17, 2025. FY2025-26 operating figures below are reproduced from the directors’ report by Arihant Capital and should be reconciled with the bank’s downloadable FY2025-26 annual-report PDF before you invest.

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Measure FY2024-25 FY2025-26 reported What it indicates
Deposits ₹107,525.60 crore ₹123,346.32 crore Funding base and franchise growth
Gross advances ₹87,578.52 crore ₹100,274.05 crore Loan-book growth
Net profit ₹1,302.88 crore ₹1,455.14 crore Reported bottom-line earnings
Basel III CRAR 19.31% 19.66% Capital available against risk-weighted assets
GNPA 3.20% 1.43% Gross non-performing assets as a percentage of gross advances
NNPA 0.92% 0.29% Bad loans after provisions, relative to net advances
Return on assets (RoAA) 1.06% 1.08% Profit generated from the asset base
CASA deposits ₹33,729.72 crore ₹39,620.92 crore Current and savings deposits, usually a lower-cost funding source

On the face of these figures, the bank grew deposits by about ₹15,821 crore and advances by about ₹12,696 crore while reducing GNPA and NNPA sharply. CASA increased by ₹5,891.20 crore; the FY2025-26 report states 17.47% growth. Profit and RoAA also moved higher, and CRAR edged up rather than falling as the balance sheet expanded.

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Those are encouraging signals, not a complete investment case. Headline ratios can improve because of recoveries, upgrades, write-offs, asset sales or unusually low new slippages. Your next task is to establish whether the underlying credit performance, margins and funding costs support the reported improvement.

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Step 1: Test whether growth is being funded safely

Compare deposits with advances

Track both balances every quarter, not just at year-end. In FY2024-25, deposits were ₹107,525.60 crore against gross advances of ₹87,578.52 crore. The reported FY2025-26 balances were ₹123,346.32 crore and ₹100,274.05 crore respectively. Loan growth that consistently outruns deposits can increase reliance on expensive certificates of deposit, bulk deposits or wholesale funding. That may raise the cost of deposits and squeeze net interest margin (NIM).

Inspect the composition of deposits

Ask how much of the new funding comes from stable retail current and savings accounts versus rate-sensitive term or bulk deposits. A growing total deposit number is more valuable when CASA and granular retail balances are rising without an aggressive increase in deposit rates. Read the quarterly presentation for CASA percentage, current-account and savings-account mix, average cost of deposits, term-deposit growth and bulk-deposit share.

Check whether growth is concentrated

Fast growth in one sector, borrower group or geography can make future losses less predictable. Review sectoral exposure, large borrower concentration, unsecured lending, commercial real estate and any management commentary about risk appetite. Growth quality is stronger when it is diversified and supported by conservative underwriting.

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Step 2: Look beyond GNPA and NNPA

Understand what the ratios measure

GNPA captures the gross amount of loans classified as non-performing; NNPA subtracts provisions and is therefore more sensitive to the protection already built against losses. The FY2024-25 report recorded GNPA of 3.20% and NNPA of 0.92%. The FY2025-26 directors’ report reproduction recorded 1.43% and 0.29%.

The FY2024-25 report also said the newer loan book had GNPA of 0.46% and NNPA of 0.13%, materially below the bank-wide ratios. That distinction matters: a young book can look cleaner while older stressed accounts are being resolved. The directors’ report described the year as one in which “The Bank has registered a robust recovery and upgradation of NPA during the financial year 2024-25.” Treat that as evidence of recoveries, not proof that credit risk has permanently disappeared.

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Track the flow of bad loans

Request or calculate these items for each quarter:

  • Fresh slippages from standard to non-performing status.
  • Recoveries and upgrades, with the rupee amount and source of recovery.
  • Write-offs and sales to asset-reconstruction entities.
  • Restructured and stressed loans, including loans under moratorium or relief schemes.
  • Provision coverage ratio (PCR), including and excluding technical write-offs.
  • Credit cost as a percentage of average advances.

A falling GNPA is more credible when fresh slippages and credit cost are also declining, recoveries exceed new additions and PCR remains robust. A ratio reduced mainly by write-offs can leave the economic loss unresolved and should be examined in the notes to accounts.

Step 3: Separate recurring profit from temporary gains

Break down net profit

Net profit rose from ₹1,302.88 crore in FY2024-25 to a reported ₹1,455.14 crore in FY2025-26, while RoAA increased from 1.06% to 1.08%. To judge durability, bridge profit through four operating components:

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  1. Net interest income and NIM: determine whether loan yields are growing faster than the cost of deposits and borrowings.
  2. Other income: separate recurring fees from treasury gains, recoveries, investment revaluations and other volatile items.
  3. Operating expenses: examine staff costs, branch expansion, technology spending and the cost-to-income ratio.
  4. Provisions: identify whether lower provisions reflect genuinely better credit or simply a release of earlier buffers.

A quarter with a one-time treasury gain or unusually low provisions should not be annualised. Look for stable NIM, controlled operating costs and recurring fee income across several quarters.

Use RoAA and RoE together

RoAA of 1.06% and 1.08% provides a clean view of profit relative to assets, but investors should also examine return on equity (RoE), the equity base and any dilution. A high RoE produced by thin capital or leverage is less resilient than a similar return supported by strong RoAA and ample common equity.

Step 4: Test capital resilience, not just the headline CRAR

Basel III CRAR was reported at 19.31% for FY2024-25 and 19.66% for FY2025-26. That is a substantial disclosed buffer above regulatory minimums, but CRAR alone does not show its quality or how quickly it could be consumed.

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Read the detailed capital table for:

  • Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio.
  • Tier 1 capital ratio and the mix of retained earnings, instruments and deductions.
  • Total risk-weighted assets and their growth rate.
  • Capital generated from profits versus fresh issuance or other instruments.
  • Management’s projected capital needs under planned loan growth.

Compare capital growth with advances and risk-weighted assets. If loans grow rapidly while CET1 barely moves, the buffer may narrow even though total CRAR still looks high. Also check contingent liabilities, deferred tax assets and other deductions that can reduce usable capital.

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Step 5: Examine liquidity and funding costs

CASA rose from ₹33,729.72 crore to ₹39,620.92 crore, and the FY2025-26 report states 17.47% growth. That is directionally positive because current and savings balances generally cost less than term funding. The important question is whether CASA is rising quickly enough relative to advances and whether deposit pricing is eroding the benefit.

For each latest quarter, record:

  • CASA ratio and the separate current-account and savings-account balances.
  • Cost of deposits and cost of funds.
  • Share and maturity profile of bulk deposits.
  • Liquidity coverage ratio and high-quality liquid assets.
  • Loan-to-deposit ratio and any short-term wholesale borrowing.

When loan growth persistently exceeds low-cost deposit growth, NIM can compress. A bank can remain liquid while becoming less profitable, so liquidity and funding-cost checks belong alongside asset-quality analysis.

Step 6: Review concentration, governance and contingent risks

Financial ratios do not capture every way a bank can lose value. Read the annual report’s notes and governance disclosures for:

  • Sector, geography and single-borrower or group exposure limits.
  • Restructured loans, security receipts and loans transferred to recovery vehicles.
  • Related-party transactions and auditor qualifications or emphasis-of-matter paragraphs.
  • Changes in the board, chief executive, chief risk officer or statutory auditor.
  • Regulatory penalties, customer complaints, fraud disclosures and unresolved legal claims.
  • Contingent liabilities, guarantees and tax disputes that could become cash losses.

A clean statutory audit does not eliminate business risk, but qualifications, repeated control weaknesses or abrupt senior-management turnover deserve a lower valuation or a decision to wait.

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Step 7: Get the newest quarter before making a decision

The bank’s investor-relations index lists presentations for September 2026 and June 2026 in FY2026-27. The index confirms that the files are available but does not expose their numerical tables. Retrieve the actual presentations and update your worksheet with NIM, fresh slippages, recoveries and upgrades, credit cost, PCR, CET1 and Tier 1 ratios, liquidity, deposit mix and advances.

  1. Download the September 2026 presentation and the preceding June 2026 presentation from the bank’s investor page.
  2. Copy each metric using the same definition and reporting period; do not mix quarter-end and full-year numbers.
  3. Reconcile any FY2025-26 difference between the Arihant Capital reproduction and the bank’s official annual-report PDF.
  4. Compare the latest quarter with at least the previous four quarters to identify direction rather than a one-period spike.
  5. Read management commentary for changes in underwriting, provisioning policy, sector exposure and capital plans.

How to interpret the evidence together

Consider the bank stronger when several independent signals agree: deposits grow with rising CASA, advances expand without a deterioration in funding costs, fresh slippages stay controlled, recoveries exceed additions to bad loans, PCR remains healthy, NIM and RoAA are stable, and CET1 grows with risk-weighted assets.

Be cautious when only the headline GNPA improves while slippages, credit cost or restructuring rise; when profit depends on treasury gains or provision reversals; when loan growth outruns deposits; or when capital falls as management pursues rapid expansion. These combinations can make a low price-to-book ratio a value trap rather than a bargain.

Valuation: compare quality before price

Compare South Indian Bank with similarly sized Indian private-sector banks on five axes:

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  • Deposit franchise and CASA growth.
  • Loan growth and underwriting mix.
  • GNPA, NNPA, fresh slippages, PCR and credit cost.
  • RoAA, RoE, NIM and cost-to-income ratio.
  • CET1, total CRAR and valuation relative to sustainable book value and earnings.

Price-to-book and price-to-earnings ratios are meaningful only after adjusting for asset quality and profitability. A bank with a lower multiple but weaker underwriting can be riskier than a peer trading at a higher multiple with durable RoAA and cleaner deposits. Use the latest reported book value and earnings, and state whether the valuation uses a one-year forecast or trailing figures.

A practical pre-investment checklist

  • Have you reconciled FY2025-26 figures to the official annual report?
  • Are September 2026 and June 2026 NIM, slippage, credit-cost and capital figures available and improving?
  • Do recoveries and upgrades exceed fresh slippages?
  • Is PCR strong after considering technical write-offs?
  • Is CASA growing without a disproportionate rise in deposit rates or bulk funding?
  • Are CET1 and total CRAR keeping pace with risk-weighted assets?
  • Is profit mainly recurring net interest and fee income rather than one-off gains or provision releases?
  • Have you reviewed concentration, restructuring, auditor, governance and contingent-liability disclosures?
  • Does the share valuation compensate you for the remaining credit and execution risks?

Frequently Asked Questions

Are South Indian Bank’s GNPA and NNPA improving?

Yes, the reported figures fell from 3.20% GNPA and 0.92% NNPA in FY2024-25 to 1.43% and 0.29% respectively in the FY2025-26 directors’ report reproduction. Confirm the latest quarter’s slippages, recoveries, write-offs and provision coverage before treating the improvement as durable.

What is the most important current document to read?

Read the September 2026 FY2026-27 investor presentation, alongside the June 2026 presentation and the official FY2025-26 annual report. Those documents should provide the current NIM, credit-cost, slippage, provisioning, capital, liquidity and deposit-mix details needed for an up-to-date decision.

Does a CRAR near 20% make the stock safe?

No. CRAR of 19.31% in FY2024-25 and 19.66% in reported FY2025-26 indicates a sizeable disclosed capital buffer, but you still need CET1 and Tier 1 composition, risk-weighted-asset growth, asset quality and management’s future capital requirements.

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The Bottom Line

South Indian Bank’s FY2024-25 to FY2025-26 disclosures show meaningful improvement, especially in GNPA, NNPA, CASA, profit and capital adequacy. Invest only after the September 2026 data confirms that the gains come from recurring improvement in credit quality, margins and funding—not from temporary recoveries, write-offs or accounting effects—and after the valuation compensates for the risks that remain.

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