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1. Set the scope and decision rules
Start by naming the destination hypervisor and version, the migration approach, the systems in scope, and the constraints that shape the plan. Decide which workloads are candidates for a straightforward move and which may need redesign, replacement, or a different destination. Do not assume that a VM supported in one VMware environment will run unchanged on another hypervisor.
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- Record business priorities, outage tolerance, deadlines, and any regulatory or data-handling requirements.
- Define who approves workload readiness and who can stop a wave or authorize rollback.
- Set the evidence and validation requirements: what must be measured, tested, and signed off before a workload can move.
Microsoft Learn’s guidance for Azure VMware Solution recommends defining the migration strategy, assessment approach, sequence, and validation requirements before migrating. That recommendation is specific to Azure VMware Solution, but the planning principle is useful for any destination. Microsoft Learn: Migrate workloads to Azure VMware Solution.
2. Build and verify the inventory
Create a workload inventory rather than relying on a list of VM names. Confirm each machine’s owner and business purpose with application and service teams. Reconcile automated discovery with those records, then investigate stale, duplicate, powered-off, and unowned systems before treating them as migration candidates.
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Capture the configuration and context
- VM identifier, power state, guest operating system and version, configured CPU and memory.
- Provisioned and used storage, virtual disks, disk controllers, and relevant virtual devices.
- Network attachments, addresses where needed, and VMware tools or configuration details that affect conversion or operation.
- Installed software and application role, plus the business owner, criticality, and recovery expectations.
Azure Migrate can collect VMware configuration and performance metadata, software inventory, and dependency information through its appliance. Its supported configurations and collection limits are specific to that tool; they do not establish support limits for other migration products. Microsoft’s support page states a software-inventory limit of up to 10,000 servers across vCenter Servers added to each Azure Migrate appliance. This is a product support limit, not a general migration or industry limit. Check the current Azure Migrate VMware server discovery support before relying on it.
3. Measure resource demand, not just allocated capacity
Configured CPU, memory, and disk capacity show what a VM has been assigned; utilization data helps estimate the resources it needs. Collect both, and retain the measurement period and coverage with the results. A short or incomplete sample may miss peak demand, month-end processing, backups, or seasonal patterns.
| Evidence | What it tells you | How to use it |
|---|---|---|
| Configuration snapshot | Assigned CPU, memory, storage, and other VM metadata | Establishes the current allocation and supports a configuration-based estimate; it does not show how much capacity the workload uses. |
| Performance record | Observed dynamic use, such as CPU and memory utilization, disk IOPS and throughput | Can inform performance-based sizing when the collection period and data coverage represent the workload’s normal and peak behavior. |
Azure Migrate distinguishes as-is assessments based on configuration and metadata from performance-based assessments using collected dynamic data. Its recommendations are estimates for the specified Azure destination, not sizing prescriptions for every hypervisor. For another target, use that vendor’s current sizing guidance and record the assumptions. Microsoft Learn: Assess VMware servers for migration to Azure VMware Solution with Azure Migrate.
Include storage, network, and growth needs
For each workload, review disk capacity alongside IOPS and throughput; also capture network throughput and any latency sensitivity. Note expected growth and the headroom your service objectives require. Keep these measures tied to their source and date so a sizing decision can be revisited if workload behavior changes.
4. Map application and operational dependencies
A VM inventory alone cannot tell you which systems need to move together. Combine dependency data with application-owner knowledge to identify communication between VMs and links to shared services. Include databases, identity, DNS, external integrations, licensing, backup, monitoring, and management systems where they matter to the workload.
Turn dependencies into migration groups
- Record which systems communicate, what service or application function the connection supports, and whether it crosses the planned migration boundary.
- Group components that must move together or whose connectivity must be tested as a unit.
- Flag dependencies that may be affected by changed IP addresses, routing, firewall rules, or latency.
Microsoft describes Azure Migrate dependency analysis as a way to identify groups of interdependent servers and systems that should migrate together, reducing the risk of leaving a dependency behind. Microsoft Learn: Dependency analysis in Azure Migrate Discovery and assessment.
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5. Check compatibility and operational requirements against the target
Assess each workload against the chosen destination’s current support matrix and migration documentation. Compatibility is workload-specific: a guest OS may be supported while a particular device, boot mode, storage arrangement, or application configuration is not.
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- Guest OS and application versions, virtual hardware, devices, boot mode, and disk or controller assumptions.
- Snapshots, encryption, passthrough devices, and network features that may affect conversion, startup, or ongoing operation.
- Licensing, security and compliance controls, and any affinity or anti-affinity rules that must be preserved or replaced with an equivalent.
- Network segments, addresses, DNS, firewall rules, routing, and latency requirements.
- Monitoring, backup, disaster recovery, and recovery procedures on the target platform.
Microsoft’s Azure VMware Solution planning material identifies performance, dependencies, compatibility, and network requirements as assessment areas. Any Azure VMware Solution readiness labels or examples apply to that service; they are not universal hypervisor states. Confirm requirements with the selected destination’s own documentation and validate uncertain cases in a pilot. Microsoft Learn: Migrate workloads to Azure VMware Solution.
6. Compare migration paths using the same evidence
If a workload has more than one plausible destination or migration method, assess each option against the same criteria. This makes trade-offs visible instead of allowing a single readiness label or cost estimate to stand in for a complete decision.
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- Compatibility: supported guest OS, application versions, virtual hardware, and devices.
- Capacity fit: CPU, memory, storage capacity, IOPS, throughput, network throughput, and latency.
- Dependencies: traffic patterns, network changes, and components that should move together.
- Execution risk: downtime, conversion or replication mechanics, rollback options, and testability.
- Operational fit: monitoring, backup, disaster recovery, security, compliance, and team skills.
- Cost and evidence quality: cost assumptions, measurement period, and gaps or uncertainty in the input data.
Keep estimates tied to their source, scope, and date. Azure Migrate assessments report estimates for the Azure destination being assessed; those figures and readiness conclusions should not be carried over to another hypervisor. Likewise, Microsoft recommends VMware HCX for eligible VMware workloads moving to Azure VMware Solution, not as a universal converter for other destinations. The Azure Migrate tutorial also lists RVTools XLSX as an assessment import option; that is an inventory input path, not a migration engine. Microsoft Learn: Azure Migrate assessment tutorial.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.7. Prioritize waves and run a representative pilot
Sequence migration groups using business criticality, dependency boundaries, compatibility, risk, and available outage windows. Avoid treating a convenient VM batch as a safe wave if its members have unrelated dependencies or different rollback requirements.
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Use the pilot to test the real path
Choose a representative workload or group and exercise the actual conversion, replication, or other migration method intended for production. Test boot, networking, application behavior, monitoring, backup, and rollback. Record acceptance criteria before the pilot so the team can make a clear go/no-go decision.
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VMware’s planning principles for Azure VMware Solution emphasize workload dependencies and network traffic when designing waves. They are guidance for that environment, not a universal target design. VMware: Cloud Well-Architected Framework for Azure VMware Solution, Planning Principles.
8. Define cutover, rollback, and completion checks
Before each production wave, document the cutover sequence, decision owners, rollback trigger, and the conditions for closing rollback. Base the checks on agreed service expectations and a pre-migration performance baseline rather than an informal judgment that the VM has powered on.
Validate service operation after the move
- Confirm users and dependent systems can reach the application and its required services.
- Compare performance with the agreed baseline and investigate material regressions.
- Check monitoring for actionable faults and confirm security and compliance controls are in place.
- Verify backup and recovery on the destination, including disaster-recovery arrangements where required.
- Retire temporary migration mechanisms and close rollback only after the agreed completion conditions are met.
Microsoft’s Azure VMware Solution guidance recommends defining rollback and completion criteria and checking application health, monitoring, performance, security, backup, and disaster recovery. Adapt those checks to the platform and procedures actually in use. Microsoft Learn: Migrate workloads to Azure VMware Solution.
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