An Ethereum account balance is the amount of native ether recorded for an address in Ethereum’s account state, measured in wei. One ether (ETH) equals 1018 wei. The balance is separate from the account’s nonce, contract storage, and code hash.
What an Ethereum account balance means
The Ethereum Yellow Paper defines balance as “A scalar value equal to the number of Wei owned by this address.” In other words, it is the account-state field that records how much native ether an address holds, expressed in wei. Ethereum Yellow Paper
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This definition concerns ether held at the protocol level. A wallet or explorer may present a converted ETH amount for readability, but that display is not the underlying unit used by the account-state definition.
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Ethereum account state comprises four fields. They describe different things and should not be treated as interchangeable:
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| Account-state field | What it represents |
|---|---|
| Nonce | The transaction count for an address, or contract creations for an address with associated code. |
| Balance | The quantity of native ether owned by the address, counted in wei. |
| Storage root | A root associated with the account’s contract storage. |
| Code hash | A hash associated with the account’s code. |
The balance field is not a transaction count, a contract’s storage contents, or a general total of every asset a wallet might show. Token balances, for example, are maintained through separate contract state; the native account-balance definition does not describe every token or how every wallet renders assets. Ethereum Yellow Paper
Wei, ether, and converting the value
Wei and ether are denominations of the same value. The conversion is exact: 1 ETH = 1018 wei. To express a wei balance in ETH, divide the wei quantity by 1018. For example, 2 ETH corresponds to 2 × 1018 wei. Ethereum Yellow Paper
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When reading a value, check its unit before interpreting its size. A long integer may be a wei quantity, while a wallet’s shorter decimal figure may be an ETH-formatted display. The number alone does not tell you which representation you are seeing.
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How APIs represent an account balance
Representation depends on the interface. The Execution API GraphQL schema describes account balance in wei as a BigInt and specifies 0x-prefixed hexadecimal output. Its BigInt description permits decimal or 0x-prefixed hexadecimal input. The state proof schema labels the balance property as uint256. These are API and schema representations of the balance, not alternative units. Execution API GraphQL schema · Execution API state schema
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When documenting or debugging a value, state both its layer and unit—for example, “the API returned a hexadecimal wei value”—rather than calling every integer an ETH amount. The schemas describe these API formats; they do not establish how every wallet or explorer formats its user-facing display.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What an account proof’s balance field tells you
The state proof schema includes balance as a uint256 property. That identifies the field and its declared type in the proof response shape; it does not make the balance equivalent to the nonce, storage root, or code hash. Execution API state schema
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