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Why the Error Graph Went Blank When We Zoomed In

If a Prometheus error graph goes blank when you zoom in, check whether the rate query window is shorter than the scrape cadence. Grafana’s $__rate_interval is designed for rate() and increase() panels.
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A graph that shows an error-rate spike over a day but goes blank when you zoom into the outage may have a query-window problem—not a missing-metrics problem. In a Prometheus rate query, the range must be wide enough to include multiple scrapes. Grafana’s $__interval can shrink as you zoom in, so use $__rate_interval for panel queries with rate() or increase(), and make sure Grafana’s configured scrape interval matches Prometheus.

What happened when the graph was zoomed in

In a personal case report, Sergey Shinder described a payments incident in August. The error-rate panel showed a bump over a one-day view, but selecting roughly twenty minutes around the event made the line disappear and the panel return no data. The query divided the rate of a 5xx counter by the rate of all requests, using Grafana’s $__interval as the range for both rates. Shinder’s DEV Community article is the source for the incident details; this is an author’s account, not an independently audited postmortem.

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Shinder reported that Grafana’s interval was about two minutes on the day view. On the narrower view, it would have fallen to about two seconds, but the data source’s configured minimum interval raised it to fifteen seconds. The Prometheus service was actually scraped every sixty seconds. On that account, a fifteen-second rate window could contain at most one sample, while Prometheus needs at least two samples to calculate a rate. The query therefore returned no rate data at each step.

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Why zooming can make a rate query return nothing

The query range changes with the chart

Grafana calculates $__interval from the selected time range and panel width. A wider time range generally produces a larger interval; zooming into a shorter period can reduce it. If that variable is used as the range selector inside rate(), the rate window can become too short for the target’s scrape cadence.

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A rate needs more than one sample

Prometheus calculates a rate from samples within the range selector. If the window does not include enough samples, the expression may return no data even though the target is still emitting metrics. A blank panel alone does not prove that the service stopped producing metrics.

Use Grafana’s rate-specific interval

Grafana documents $__rate_interval for queries using rate() and increase(). Its documented calculation is max($__interval + scrape_interval, 4 * scrape_interval): it accounts for the panel interval and includes a floor of four scrape intervals. For a panel rate query, use a range such as:

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rate(http_requests_total[$__rate_interval])

Grafana’s documentation warns that this variable can still be too small if Grafana’s assumed scrape interval does not match the actual Prometheus cadence. The scrape interval used in the calculation comes from the query’s Min step when one is set; otherwise Grafana uses the data source’s Scrape interval setting. Set that data-source value to match the real Prometheus scrape configuration.

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Check the query and scrape settings

  1. Confirm the target’s actual cadence. Check the Prometheus configuration for the affected target’s scrape_interval.
  2. Compare Grafana’s assumption. In Grafana, inspect the Prometheus data source’s Scrape interval setting and the panel query’s Min step, if set. The interval used by the query must reflect the real scrape cadence.
  3. Inspect the range selector at both zoom levels. Check whether the query uses $__interval inside rate() or increase(), and how the selected range changes between the broad view and the zoomed view.
  4. Use a suitable panel range. Replace $__interval with $__rate_interval for rate and increase panel queries, then verify that the data-source Scrape interval or query Min step is accurate.
  5. Test the affected time window again. Zoom into the outage period and confirm that the rate query returns data at that resolution.

Grafana’s guidance is documented in its Prometheus template-variable documentation.

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Handle targets with different scrape intervals

If targets behind a data source use different scrape cadences, Grafana advises setting the data-source interval to the longest interval in use, or overriding the Min step for panels that need a different value. The choice depends on the targets and queries involved:

  • Use the longest cadence at the data-source level when one shared setting must safely account for targets scraped at different intervals.
  • Set a per-query Min step when a particular panel needs an explicit interval appropriate to its target or query.

Keep recording rules separate from dashboard intervals

Grafana cautions that $__rate_interval depends on evaluation context and recommends a fixed range for recording-rule queries. A dashboard panel can use the Grafana variable for its rate window; a recording rule should use an intentionally chosen, fixed interval instead.

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Make the rate window visible to maintainers

Shinder reported that after correcting the data-source scrape interval to sixty seconds, the team added a dashboard-repository linter, converted alert ratios to recording rules with a fixed five-minute window, and included each panel’s rate window in its title. The author also reported that the linter found 43 more queries using the problematic pattern in that repository. These are practices and a count from that account, not general findings or independently verified outcomes.

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Showing the rate window in a panel title can help readers understand the time span behind a plotted rate. The linter can help catch future uses of a dashboard interval where a rate-specific interval is needed. Shinder’s account also says the linter rejected $__interval inside irate(); that was the team’s lint policy, not a rule established by Grafana’s cited documentation.

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