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A free scan shows the junk files, broken settings and background clutter dragging Windows down - then fixes them in one click.Free scan · Windows 10 & 11The Cache API ignores the URL fragment when it matches requests. Chunk URLs that differ only after the # therefore share one cache key, and each put() overwrites the response stored under it. The fix is to move the chunk’s identity into the path or the query string, which the Cache API does compare.
Why the fragment never separates cache entries
A URL fragment is the part after #. Browsers use it as a client-side identifier and do not send it to the server, so /data.bin#0 and /data.bin#1 point at the same file from the network’s point of view. The Cache API follows the same logic. The matching algorithm in the W3C Service Workers specification compares the request URL with the fragment excluded, and its text reads: “If queryURL does not equal cachedURL with the exclude fragment flag set, then return false.” (W3C Service Workers specification)
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The practical result is that three URLs which differ only by hash resolve to a single entry. Nothing in the API warns you about it, so the bug surfaces only when you read the chunks back and find the same bytes every time.
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How the overwrite plays out
Suppose a download is split into three parts and each part is stored with its own hash URL:
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cache.put('https://example.com/data.bin#0', responseA)cache.put('https://example.com/data.bin#1', responseB)cache.put('https://example.com/data.bin#2', responseC)
All three calls write to the same key. After the third call, cache.match() for any of the three hash URLs returns the response stored last, responseC. The first two chunks are gone, and no error is thrown at any point. Adding a # to a URL is not a way to create a second entry.
Confirm the collision in your code
Before changing storage, check whether your URLs collapse once the fragment is removed. Log every URL you pass to put() and compare them with the fragment stripped:
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const seen = new Map();nfor (const url of urlsYouStored) {n const key = new URL(url);n key.hash = '';n const k = key.href;n if (seen.has(k)) console.warn('Collision:', url, 'and', seen.get(k));n else seen.set(k, url);n}If you see warnings, the fragment is the cause. If the URLs remain distinct after stripping the hash, look elsewhere, such as a later put() that reuses a path or a match() call that uses ignoreSearch (covered below).
Fix 1: encode chunk identity in the path
A path segment is compared as part of the URL, so each chunk gets its own key. Use a stable file identifier and the chunk index:
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const cache = await caches.open('chunks-v1');nfor (let i = 0; i < chunks.length; i++) {n await cache.put(`/chunks/${fileId}/${i}`, new Response(chunks[i]));n}nconst part = await cache.match(`/chunks/${fileId}/2`);Use the path approach when each chunk is a resource you could imagine fetching by URL. The identifier should be stable across sessions; a random value generated at each download will leave orphaned entries behind.
Fix 2: encode chunk identity in the query string
Query parameters also take part in matching by default, so /chunks/?file=abc&part=2 and /chunks/?file=abc&part=3 are separate entries. This works well when the path should stay generic. Keep ignoreSearch at its default of false when you call match():
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await cache.match(`/chunks/?file=${fileId}&part=${i}`);The option matters here. ignoreSearch defaults to false, and setting it to true makes query variants match as though their query strings were absent. (MDN Cache.match()) If you pass { ignoreSearch: true } to a lookup that depends on part, every chunk for that path will resolve to the same entry, reproducing the original bug in a different form.
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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsChoosing between URL-keyed entries and application storage
The Cache API stores request and response pairs, so it fits chunks that are naturally fetchable resources. If your data is not a response, or its identity cannot be expressed cleanly in a path or query, an application-managed key/value store such as IndexedDB may be the better fit. Compare the two on these points:
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- Whether each chunk is a request/response pair that makes sense to serve back to a fetch.
- Whether a stable identifier fits naturally in the path or query.
- Whether any
match()call overrides query matching withignoreSearch. - How you will version, update, and delete entries as your code changes.
The specification and API reference do not establish one best choice for every chunking design, so the decision depends on your data and access pattern.
What the Cache API will not manage for you
Cache storage is controlled by your application. The API does not automatically update or expire entries, and it does not honor HTTP caching headers such as Cache-Control. (MDN Cache) Several habits follow from that:
- Give each cache a version in its name, such as
chunks-v1, and increase it when your worker’s assumptions change. - Delete outdated caches with
caches.delete()during activation, and remove entries for files that are no longer needed. - Check available space with
navigator.storage.estimate(), since browsers may evict an origin’s cache data under storage pressure. (MDN Cache)
Browser behavior described here follows the W3C specification and MDN’s API reference. If you need to confirm a detail in a particular browser, check the stored entries in that browser’s developer tools against the keys your code writes.
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