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Random freezes, missing sound and display glitches usually trace back to one bad driver. Find and replace yours safely.Free scan · under a minuteAn administrative area map level shows where a geographic unit sits in a country’s territorial hierarchy. “ADM1” and “ADM2,” for example, mean first-order and second-order administrative divisions—not a universal pair of local names. The meaning of each level depends on the country and the dataset, and some mapped areas are statistical reporting units rather than government jurisdictions.
What is an administrative area?
The United Nations Statistics Division defines an administrative unit as “A geographic area with legally defined boundaries created for the purposes of implementing administrative and other government functions.” In practical terms, it is a territory associated with government administration. A specific map or data product may apply its own definition, so check its documentation rather than assuming every layer uses the term identically. The UN handbook’s definition and example describe an illustrative data layer, not a universal country structure.
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What does the map level tell you?
A level indicates a unit’s relative rank in a hierarchy. The UN Group of Experts on Geographical Names uses ADM1 for “first-order administrative division” and ADM2 for “second-order administrative division.” These labels tell you the order, not the unit’s local name or precise powers. UNGEGN’s designation codes and designations identify the ordinal terms.
For instance, a dataset might use a country’s province-level units for ADM1 and districts for ADM2. That is an example, not a rule: ADM1 does not always mean province, and ADM2 does not always mean district. Countries differ in the names, number, and organization of their territorial levels. UN census-geography guidance also notes that geographic arrangements can vary, including within census geography.
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Are all map levels administrative?
No. A map may include areas used to collect, organize, or display statistics. Such reporting units may not have a government-administration role, even when they appear alongside administrative boundaries or are arranged in levels. Some geographic units serve both purposes; others are statistical only. Census geography can therefore differ from the country’s administrative hierarchy.
Check the dataset’s description to determine whether each layer represents a jurisdiction, a statistical area, or both. Do not infer a unit’s legal or administrative status from its label, shape, or position in a map hierarchy.
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How to interpret an administrative area level in a dataset
Before comparing maps or using a boundary layer, confirm these details in its metadata:
- Unit type: Is the area a government jurisdiction, a census or reporting unit, or a combination?
- Country-specific level definition: What does each ordinal level mean in this country and dataset, and what are the local names?
- Boundary authority and date: Which authority or dataset defines the boundaries, and when were they current?
- Relationships to other geographies: Are units nested, exhaustive, or aligned with statistical areas? Verify how they relate to other administrative units and boundary features instead of assuming they match.
UN guidance on geographic information and census infrastructure emphasizes defining the relationships among geographic units and boundary features. UNGEGN’s data-modelling guidance provides further context on geographic data relationships.
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