Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minutechezmoi keeps a version-controlled source of your desired dotfiles separate from the files in your home directory, then applies that state when you ask it to. Start by adding one file, reviewing the proposed change, and applying it; once the workflow is clear, connect the source directory to a Git repository to use the same configuration on other machines.
How chezmoi manages dotfiles
chezmoi is a command-line tool for managing personal configuration files across machines. Its usual source directory is ~/.local/share/chezmoi. That directory holds the desired state; your home directory holds the target files. Rather than requiring you to maintain symlinks manually, chezmoi calculates the target contents and changes files through commands such as apply. See the chezmoi project homepage and its quick start.
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The project homepage lists chezmoi 2.73.0 as its latest version; that release number is time-sensitive and may change. The documentation lists Linux, macOS, Windows, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, and Termux as supported environments, though platform support can vary by release.
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Start locally and review before applying
For an existing Bash configuration, this sequence initializes a local source repository, adds the file, shows the proposed changes, and applies them:
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chezmoi init
chezmoi add ~/.bashrc
chezmoi diff
chezmoi applyThe default local initialization creates a Git repository in the source directory. After adding a file, chezmoi diff lets you inspect what applying the desired state would change. Review it before applying, especially if you are taking over a dotfile that already contains machine-specific or important local edits. The quick start documents this initial workflow.
To edit the source version of a managed target, use chezmoi edit ~/.bashrc. This avoids accidentally treating an edit to the home-directory copy as the new desired state. You can also review planned changes with chezmoi status. The diff, status, and apply references describe these commands. The apply reference says it ensures targets are in the target state, updating them if necessary; it also says chezmoi prompts before overwriting a target modified since chezmoi last wrote it.
Use a Git repository to set up another machine
Once your source directory contains the files you want to share, publish its Git repository to a hosting service such as GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket. Keep the repository private if its contents should not be public, but remember that privacy alone does not make plaintext secrets safe.
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On the new machine, initialize chezmoi from your hosted repository using the repository URL, following the setup guide.
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Inspect the proposed changes with
chezmoi diffbefore changing existing files. -
Apply the desired state with
chezmoi apply. If you are ready to initialize and apply in one command,chezmoi init --applycombines those operations; use it only when you have reviewed what the repository will change.Rank #3
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When you want to bring a machine up to date, chezmoi update pulls the latest repository changes and applies them. For a private repository, Git uses your existing Git configuration and authentication; chezmoi does not store repository credentials. See the setup guide and update command reference.
Keep shared files common and handle machine differences deliberately
Files that should be identical across your machines can remain ordinary source files. When generated contents need to differ, chezmoi templates can use data specific to a machine, including operating system, architecture, and hostname. Local configuration data is useful for values that should not be shared with every machine. The setup guide and templating guide explain these options.
Use ignore rules when a file belongs on a machine but should not be managed or shared as part of the common source state. Templates and ignores solve different problems: a template renders a managed file with machine-specific values, while an ignore rule excludes files from chezmoi’s handling. The ignore guide covers the available rules.
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Choose a separate strategy for secrets
A normal Git repository stores tracked plaintext as plaintext, whether it is public or private. Do not add passwords, tokens, private keys, or other secret material to ordinary tracked dotfiles. chezmoi supports retrieving secrets from password managers and encrypting whole files; its encryption guide lists age, GPG, git-crypt, and transcrypt. Choose an approach that fits how you need to retrieve and decrypt secrets on each machine, and confirm that required tools and credentials are available there. See the password-manager guide and encryption guide.
Editing and resolving changes
chezmoi edit ~/.bashrc is a straightforward way to edit the managed source counterpart. The official usage FAQ also describes entering the source directory with chezmoi cd, editing a target and then using add or re-add to bring changes into the source, and using merge when resolving differences. Choose deliberately: editing the source directly is usually clearer when you want to preserve the distinction between desired state and the live file. See the usage FAQ.
The Tool Desk
Outbyte Driver Updater FREEScan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Outbyte PC Repair FREERepair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsFix Now →Know when dotfile management is not enough
chezmoi is aimed at personal configuration files. If your goal expands to provisioning services, packages, system settings, or many resources beyond a handful of files, a configuration-management tool such as Puppet, Chef, Ansible, or Salt may be a better fit. The design guide discusses that boundary and the design choices behind chezmoi.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How do I edit my dotfiles with chezmoi?
Use chezmoi edit ~/.bashrc for the source counterpart of a managed file. The usage FAQ also covers editing in the source directory with chezmoi cd, then using add or re-add, or resolving changes with merge.
Can I use chezmoi to manage my shell history across multiple machines?
The chezmoi usage FAQ includes this question, but shell history is often machine-specific and may contain sensitive commands. Only manage and sync it if you deliberately want that history shared, and protect any sensitive contents using an appropriate secret-handling approach.
Quick Recap
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