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TypeScript Fuse Bead Charts: Turn Images Into Color-Coded Patterns

Build a useful fuse bead chart by choosing the grid first, matching cells to a real brand palette, reviewing optional dithering, and exporting a coded bead list.
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To turn an image into a buildable fuse bead chart, first choose the finished grid size, then resize or sample the image into that grid, map each cell to a color in the bead brand’s palette, and export a chart with codes and bead counts. These are two separate operations: reducing the image to a manageable number of cells and replacing each cell’s color with an available physical bead shade.

Plan the chart around the finished pegboard

Choose the target width and height before quantizing colors. Every grid cell represents a bead, so the dimensions set both the design’s physical scale and how much detail can survive. Crop away irrelevant margins, and preserve the subject’s proportions unless you deliberately want to stretch it.

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There is no universally correct grid size. As one site’s project guidance, Fuse Beads Hub describes 16×16 and 24×24 grids as suitable for small projects and 48×48 or larger for photos; treat those as starting points, not craft standards. More cells can retain detail, but they also mean more beads and more work. Plan how the design will fit the pegboard, including whether it needs to be split into sections.

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Choose how source pixels become cells

Each output cell represents a region of the source image. Nearest-neighbor resizing is straightforward and keeps hard-edged blocks; averaging the colors in a source region can retain broad tonal information when reducing a photograph. The TypeScript example described in its project documentation uses aspect-preserving nearest-neighbor resizing. The available sources do not establish that one resampling method is best for every fuse bead design, so preview the result at the intended grid size before proceeding.

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Use the palette for the beads you will actually buy

A chart made with arbitrary screen colors may look convincing but cannot necessarily be assembled from a real bead range. Keep palette entries brand-specific and record the maker, bead size or system where known, printed color code, display name, and approximate RGB or HEX swatch. Do not merge codes from different makers into one palette as if they were interchangeable products.

Screen swatches are planning approximations, not guarantees of a physical color match. Choose the brand before generating the chart, and confirm that its beads and pegboard are compatible with your project. Meltbead’s 2026 reference reports 118 current solid Perler colors, 92 indexed Hama color codes, and 221 Artkal M Mini codes with 220 RGB swatches; these are the reference page’s reported scopes, not independently audited manufacturer totals. Its page also notes eight older Perler references and lists MH1 transparent separately from the Artkal M Mini count. Check the maker’s current catalog before relying on a count or availability.

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Map every cell to an available color

Once the image is reduced to the target grid, assign each cell to the closest allowed palette entry. This is fixed-palette color quantization: the output can use only colors in the selected bead palette. The Purdue-hosted paper Color Quantization of Images describes nearest-color mapping for a selected palette and discusses squared-error quantization.

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Color distance matters. A basic implementation can compare colors in RGB space, while the cited TypeScript project uses CIEDE2000, a perceptual color-difference method. The closest shade under one distance measure is not guaranteed to be the closest under another; the winning bead also depends on which colors the chosen brand palette contains. There is no cited bead-specific benchmark establishing a fastest algorithm or a universally best result. For a large palette, consider precomputing or indexing colors only if measurements show that lookup is a bottleneck.

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Limit the number of colors deliberately

A smaller color set can simplify sorting and shopping, while more shades can preserve gradients and subtle areas such as skin tones. Fuse Beads Hub recommends 8–16 colors as easier to sort, but that is the site’s guidance rather than a measured optimum. Inspect the design and its bead list together: visual similarity is only one part of a usable chart.

Make dithering an optional choice

Without dithering, each cell is mapped directly to a palette color. Error diffusion instead carries some of the color error from one quantized cell into later cells, which can suggest intermediate tones using neighboring palette colors. The Purdue paper explains this general error-diffusion approach and notes that limited, nonuniform palettes make dithering more difficult. The TypeScript project offers optional Floyd–Steinberg error diffusion.

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Compare both versions at the final bead scale. Dithering can make a gradient appear smoother, but it also creates alternating colors and visual texture. A flat mapping may leave outlines and color regions easier to read. That is a practical consideration for a physical grid, not a result established by a bead-specific user study.

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Review, edit, and export an assembly plan

Before making beads, inspect the quantized chart at its actual grid dimensions. The documented TypeScript implementation supports cell editing and PNG/PDF export, along with numbered colors and a material list. Useful chart features include:

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  • A clear grid, with coordinates or separators that make cell positions unambiguous.
  • A legend linking each displayed number or color to the bead maker’s printed code and name.
  • A per-color bead count, so the material list reflects the edited chart.
  • Board-tile boundaries for designs too large for one pegboard.

Fuse Beads Hub describes code overlays, per-color counts, and splitting a chart into smaller sections. If a chart spans multiple boards, make the section boundaries and their orientation clear so that the parts can be assembled in the intended arrangement.

What image and settings should you start with?

Fuse Beads Hub says clear JPG or PNG images with strong outlines and simple backgrounds convert more cleanly. Use that as a practical starting point, then judge the preview at the chosen grid size. Compare candidate settings by grid dimensions, palette size, colors used, total bead count, readability, and number of boards—not image similarity alone.

The workflow is implemented in the public TypeScript project Fuse Beads Hub, which documents browser-based conversion, CIEDE2000 palette matching, optional Floyd–Steinberg dithering, cell editing, and PNG/PDF export. Its project documentation describes one implementation; it does not establish a controlled comparison of resampling or quantization methods for fuse bead charts.

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