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IPED: A Digital Evidence Processing and Analysis Tool

IPED is open-source digital-forensics software for processing evidence into searchable cases and reviewing results. Learn about its workflow, documented formats, profiles, and practical limits.
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IPED is open-source digital-forensics software that processes evidence into a searchable case and provides an interface for examining the results. Its workflow combines batch processing with indexing and analysis; it is not simply a file viewer. The project says it was implemented in Java, originated with digital-forensics experts from Brazil’s Federal Police in 2012, and was officially published in 2019. Those milestones are the project’s own account.

How IPED works

IPED’s workflow has two broad stages: process evidence into a case, then use the analysis application to search and review the processed items. The project describes command-line batch case creation alongside an integrated analysis interface. Processing can include hashing, signature analysis, categorization, expansion of containers, indexing, carving, OCR, filtering, and timeline analysis. Which functions run depends on the selected profile and release.

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1. Process evidence into a case

The Beginner’s Start Guide illustrates supplying an evidence image and an output folder where IPED creates the case. The destination should be absent or empty. The guide also describes adding multiple images and appending an image to an existing case. Consult the guide for the exact commands supported by the release you install, since command syntax can change.

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2. Search and review results

After processing, the guide says the analysis application can be launched from the output. The resulting case can be searched and examined using the available analysis features. Processing and analysis are distinct: creating the case prepares and indexes evidence; the analysis interface is where an examiner reviews what processing found.

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What image formats does IPED support?

The project documents support for a range of disk-image and evidence formats. Its repository lists RAW/DD, E01, ISO9660, AFF, VHD, VMDK, EX01, VHDX, UDF, AD1, and UFDR. The Beginner’s Start Guide lists DD/RAW, E01, EX01, AFF, ISO, VHD, VHDX, VMDK, and AD1, and separately mentions UFDR reports. The project says it uses The Sleuth Kit library to decode disk images and filesystems.

These are documented formats, not a guarantee that every release accepts every input in the same way. Compatibility can depend on the release and evidence type, so check the documentation for the specific build and input before planning a case.

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What analysis capabilities are available?

The project lists MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-512, and eDonkey hashing; PhotoDNA is noted as available to law enforcement. It also lists common hash-set formats and fast hash deduplication. Other documented capabilities include signature analysis, categorization, recursive expansion of containers, indexing file content and metadata, carving, OCR, encryption detection, filtering, and timeline analysis.

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These capabilities describe the project’s feature set, not a promise that every feature is active in every profile or release. IPED can assist with evidence processing and review, but using the software alone does not establish that an investigation’s integrity or admissibility requirements have been met.

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How profiles change processing

The User Manual distinguishes profiles that change the scope and purpose of processing. Choose based on what the case requires rather than assuming one profile is universally best or fastest.

Profile Documented purpose or behavior Practical consideration
Default The manual identifies it as a processing profile. Check the release’s profile documentation for the exact feature set.
Forensic Enables additional carving and unallocated-space processing. Use when that additional processing is needed; the manual does not establish a universal runtime.
Fastmode Intended for preview. Do not treat a preview-oriented run as equivalent to a more complete processing scope.
Triage Described as experimental. The manual warns it may be unstable on resource-limited computers.
Other profiles The manual describes additional profiles. Consult the documentation for the installed version; behavior varies by profile.

Timezone handling for FAT images

The Beginner’s Start Guide documents a timezone option for processing an image with a FAT filesystem when the relevant timezone differs from the host computer’s local timezone. If the operator does not specify a timezone, the local system timezone is applied. This is a configuration choice: the guide does not say IPED automatically identifies the evidence’s original timezone.

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  • Mounts in one 5.25” half-height drive bay
  • USB 3.0 host computer connection
  • Read/write mode capability via internal DIP switch
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Case storage and portability

IPED writes a case to an output folder, so storage needs depend on the evidence and workflow. The documentation also describes a portable-case option that stores relative evidence paths to support opening a case from another computer or mount point. In the documented workflow, the manual notes a same-drive constraint. Do not assume that this setup makes a case portable across every storage arrangement.

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An external drive is optional, not an IPED requirement. Select storage according to case size, interface, security requirements, and handling policy; the documentation prescribes no particular capacity or model.

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Performance claims and system requirements

The project repository reports processing speeds of up to 400 GB per hour on modern hardware. This is a project-reported upper bound, not an independently verified standardized benchmark or a prediction for a particular computer, evidence set, or profile. The repository also reported 135 million items in a multi-case as of December 12, 2019; that is a dated project capacity statement, not a current performance benchmark.

The repository describes Windows and Linux testing. For building from source, it notes Java 11 and JavaFX, and warns that the master branch is under development, recommending release tags when a stable build is desired. These details do not establish the current stable release, binary runtime requirements, or a release-by-release compatibility matrix. Check the project’s release documentation before installing or building.

Quick Recap

SaleBestseller No. 1
SiForce Tableau T356789iu Forensic Universal Bridge Bundle (T356789iu + USB B to USB 19pin Header)
SiForce Tableau T356789iu Forensic Universal Bridge Bundle (T356789iu + USB B to USB 19pin Header)
Mounts in one 5.25” half-height drive bay; Color LED indicators for “Write Block” or “Read/Write” mode visibility
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Bestseller No. 2
Tableau TK8u USB 3.0 Forensic Bridge Kit - T8u Plus Cable Kit
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Bestseller No. 4
SiForce Tableau T3iu Forensic SATA Drive Bay Bundle (T3iu + USB B to USB 19pin Header)
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Bestseller No. 5
OpenText Forensic (Tableau) TD4 Forensic Duplicator Kit
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Project documentation

  • IPED project repository — project history, feature overview, formats, and release information.
  • Beginner’s Start Guide — example processing workflow, format notes, and timezone option.
  • User Manual — profiles and portable-case workflow.

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