To let an AI client call Google Cloud database tools through the Model Context Protocol (MCP), configure the remote MCP server for the specific product you use, then authenticate an identity with the IAM permissions the requested tools need. There is no single endpoint or universal toolset for every Google database. This guide walks through Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL and outlines the distinct AlloyDB setup.
Which Google database MCP server should you use?
Google documents product-specific remote MCP servers. Choose the service and engine that match your database, then follow that product’s reference for its endpoint, authentication, and tools. Google’s supported-products directory lists the available products and their documentation; it includes Cloud SQL, AlloyDB, BigQuery, Spanner, Firestore, and Bigtable.
| Service and scope | Remote endpoint | Setup and access notes |
|---|---|---|
| Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL | https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/mcp |
Enable the Cloud SQL API and grant IAM permissions for the intended tools. A read-only toolset is available at https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/mcp/readonly. |
| AlloyDB | https://alloydb.googleapis.com/mcp |
Uses OAuth 2.0 with IAM; API keys are not accepted. Google’s regional AlloyDB endpoints are Preview. |
| BigQuery, Spanner, Firestore, Bigtable, and other listed products | See the product entry in Google’s supported-products directory. | Endpoints, authentication, and available tools are product-specific; the Cloud SQL example below should not be copied as their configuration. |
Google describes remote MCP servers as HTTP endpoints running on Google infrastructure. A local MCP server instead commonly communicates over standard input/output streams on the same device. This guide uses Google’s managed remote servers.
How do I connect Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL to an MCP client?
For Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL, the remote server is enabled when the Cloud SQL API is enabled. Configure your MCP-compatible client with the server URL and an identity authorized for the operations you want to permit. Client configuration formats vary, so use the client’s current instructions for adding a remote Streamable HTTP server rather than assuming every client uses the same settings file.
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1. Enable the Cloud SQL API
In the Google Cloud project containing the Cloud SQL resources, enable the Cloud SQL API. Google’s Cloud SQL guide covers setup for MCP-compatible applications and the API requirement: Use the Cloud SQL remote MCP server.
2. Choose the endpoint and tool scope
Use https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/mcp for the general Cloud SQL tool endpoint. To expose the documented read-only subset instead, configure https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/mcp/readonly. The tools listed for that read-only endpoint are:
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get_instanceandlist_instancesfor instance details and inventories.list_usersfor user listings.get_operationfor operation status.execute_sql_readonlyfor read-only SQL execution.postgres_upgrade_precheckfor a PostgreSQL upgrade precheck.
The endpoint determines which tools are offered; IAM separately determines which operations the authenticated principal is authorized to perform. A read-only endpoint does not replace careful IAM scoping.
3. Grant task-specific IAM permissions
Google identifies roles/mcp.toolUser for making MCP tool calls and documents additional roles and permissions for particular tasks, including SQL execution, instance management, secret access, and resource viewing. Start with only the permissions required by the agent’s task. For read-only work, do not grant broad administrative access just to make a connection succeed; check the current Cloud SQL guide’s IAM table for the exact role and permission requirements of each tool.
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4. Add the remote server to your client
In the MCP client, add an HTTP-based remote server with the Cloud SQL endpoint selected above. Authenticate the client as the Google identity to which you granted access, using the authentication flow supported by that client. Google lists Gemini CLI, ChatGPT, Claude, and custom applications as examples of clients, but their connection screens and configuration syntax can change; follow the current client documentation for those details.
5. Confirm tools and permissions
Ask the client to list the tools exposed by the server, then try a low-risk operation appropriate to the identity. For the read-only URL, verify that the listed tools match the read-only subset rather than assuming the general endpoint and the specialized endpoint expose identical capabilities.
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What changes for AlloyDB?
AlloyDB has its own remote MCP server and configuration. Use https://alloydb.googleapis.com/mcp with Streamable HTTP and OAuth 2.0/IAM authentication, following Google’s AlloyDB remote MCP server guide. AlloyDB does not accept API keys. Google recommends a separate identity for agents so access can be controlled and monitored; grant that identity only the database permissions the agent needs.
Google’s AlloyDB documentation notes two version-sensitive limitations: responses larger than 10 MB might be truncated, and execute_sql_read_only is supported only for PostgreSQL 17 and later. Confirm the current documentation and your database version before relying on those behaviors. Regional AlloyDB MCP endpoints are Preview, so check their availability and status before using one in a production configuration.
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Security and operational considerations
Google describes managed remote MCP servers as offering fine-grained authorization, optional prompt and response security with Model Armor, and centralized audit logging. These are governance and security controls, not a guarantee that every risk is eliminated. Restrict the identity’s IAM access, expose only the tool scope needed, and review the resulting activity through your organization’s established audit process.
Google’s Cloud SQL guide also compares the managed remote server with local MCP Toolbox for Databases. The managed server provides Google-hosted operation and documented centralized governance controls; a local server has a different deployment and communication model. Choose based on your organization’s hosting, network, governance, and client requirements rather than treating the two approaches as interchangeable.
Verification checklist
- The database product and engine are identified, and its product-specific MCP reference has been checked.
- The required Google Cloud API is enabled for Cloud SQL.
- The client uses the endpoint and tool scope intended for that service.
- The client is authenticated as the expected user or agent identity.
- The identity has narrowly scoped IAM permissions for the requested tools.
- The client’s discovered tools and a low-risk test call match the expected access.
- Version-sensitive limits and Preview status have been checked against the current product documentation.
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