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To remove a green-screen background in OBS Studio, add your webcam to a scene as a Video Capture Source, open that source’s Filters, and add the Chroma Key effect filter. Start with OBS’s default controls, then adjust Similarity, Smoothness, and Spill Reduction while checking the preview. There is no one setting that works for every camera, screen, and lighting setup.
What Chroma Key does
Chroma Key removes pixels in a selected color from a source, making those areas transparent so the scene behind that source shows through. OBS identifies it as a filter for green screens. It is an OBS software feature; the official instructions do not require a particular backdrop model, size, or material.
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The OBS Project’s Chroma Key Filter reference lists the filter for Windows, macOS, and Linux. The Filters Guide classifies it as an effect filter.
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Add the webcam and Chroma Key filter
- Select the scene. In OBS, choose the scene where you want the camera to appear, or create one.
- Add the camera. In the Sources panel, add a Video Capture Source and select your webcam. OBS’s webcam FAQ identifies Video Capture Source as the source type for adding a webcam. Position and resize the source in the preview as needed.
- Open the source’s filters. Select or right-click the webcam source and open Filters. Add Chroma Key as an effect filter.
- Choose the key color. Green is the documented default. If your backdrop is another color, select the matching Key Color Type or set a custom color.
- Tune the key while watching the preview. Adjust Similarity gradually, then refine edge softness and color spill. Check hair, shoulders, and clothing, as well as the scene behind the subject.
Understand the controls and defaults
These are the defaults listed in the OBS Project’s Chroma Key reference, dated 2022-01-12. Treat them as starting points, not universal recommendations: the reference explains what the controls do but does not prescribe a setting for every setup.
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| Control | What it does | Documented default |
|---|---|---|
| Key Color Type | Selects the color to remove; a custom color can also be set. | Green |
| Similarity | Sets the threshold between the selected key color and source colors. Higher values remove more aggressively and may erase wanted image detail. | 400 |
| Smoothness | Controls how soft the removed-color edge is. Lower values leave harder edges; higher values soften them. | 80 |
| Key Color Spill Reduction | Reduces traces of the key color around edges, such as green pixels around hair. | 100 |
| Opacity | Sets source opacity: 0.0 is transparent and 1.0 is opaque. | 1.0 |
| Contrast | Adjusts source contrast. | 0.0 |
| Brightness | The reference labels this control “Brightness,” but its description says it sets source contrast. That appears to be a documentation typo, so the description should not be treated as a reliable explanation of the control. | 0.0 |
Fine-tune the result
Set Similarity conservatively
Similarity determines how broadly OBS removes colors close to the selected key color. Increase it only as much as needed to clear the backdrop; if parts of your face, hair, clothing, or props disappear, lower it. A higher value removes more pixels, not just more background.
Soften the edge and reduce spill
If the cutout edge looks too hard, tune Smoothness to soften it. If the subject has a colored fringe—often noticeable around hair—adjust Key Color Spill Reduction to remove traces of the key color. Recheck the edge after each adjustment so you do not trade one artifact for another.
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Leave other controls for specific needs
Opacity changes how transparent the entire source is. Contrast and brightness are also listed as source adjustments, but the OBS reference does not give a chroma-key-specific adjustment sequence for them. Avoid changing them just to compensate for a key that needs better Similarity or edge tuning.
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Troubleshoot common chroma-key problems
- Green remains around the subject: Adjust Key Color Spill Reduction, especially around hair and shoulders.
- Parts of the person disappear: Lower Similarity so fewer pixels are removed.
- The cutout edge looks harsh: Tune Smoothness to soften the edge.
- The wrong color disappears: Check Key Color Type or select a custom color that matches the backdrop.
- The camera is missing from the scene: Confirm the webcam was added as a Video Capture Source, that the source is visible and positioned as intended, and that Chroma Key is applied to that source.
Chroma Key versus other OBS key filters
Use the filter that matches the kind of source and key you need; these filters are not interchangeable in every situation.
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| Filter | What OBS describes it for |
|---|---|
| Chroma Key | Removing a selected color, including green-screen footage and photos. |
| Color Key | Removing a selected color from computer graphics, such as images or window captures. |
| Luma Key | Changing opacity according to lightness, useful for keying white or black. |
For a webcam against a green screen, Chroma Key is the relevant starting point. After tuning, check the result in the scene and under the recording or streaming conditions you intend to use; the documented defaults cannot guarantee a clean key in every setup.
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