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To capture every row in a virtualized React list, scroll the list’s own container through its content and capture each rendered section after it is ready. Playwright’s fullPage: true captures the page’s scrollable extent; it does not necessarily make a virtualized list render rows that are outside its current window. If you need only the current view, a normal viewport screenshot is enough. If you need one tall image, capture the sections and stitch them, or add an app-specific mode that renders all the required rows.
Why a full-page screenshot can miss list rows
Virtualized lists, also called windowed lists, render only a subset of items near the visible area. As the user scrolls, the rendered window moves; some libraries recycle DOM nodes as earlier rows leave it. That keeps large lists responsive, but it means off-screen rows may not exist in the DOM when a screenshot is taken.
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Playwright describes a full-page screenshot as “a screenshot of a full scrollable page, as if you had a very tall screen and the page could fit it entirely.” That concerns page extent, not forcing each scroll-dependent component to render every item. A full-page image can therefore have the page’s full dimensions while omitting list content that was never rendered.
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Choose the capture method that fits the result you need
| Method | What it captures | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
| Viewport screenshot | The currently visible state | Simple and faithful to that moment, but does not include off-screen rows. |
| Full-page screenshot | The page’s full scrollable extent | Convenient for ordinary pages; not a reliable way to render every row in a virtualized list. |
| Scroll and capture sections | Each region as the virtualized window moves through the list | Preserves normal list behavior, but needs correct scrolling, readiness checks, and stitching if you want one image. |
| App-specific capture mode | All required rows rendered for a capture view | Can produce one tall image, but requires app changes and may differ from the interactive view. |
Capture the viewport or ordinary full page
For one visible state, navigate to the app and call page.screenshot(). For an ordinary page whose content is not virtualized, set fullPage: true.
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch({ headless: true });
const page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1440, height: 900 } });
await page.goto('https://your-app.example/list', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'viewport.png' });
await page.screenshot({ path: 'full-page.png', fullPage: true });
await browser.close();Replace the example URL with your app. The first image records the current viewport; the second asks Playwright for the full scrollable page. Neither call, by itself, guarantees that a virtualized list has rendered rows outside its active window.
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Capture every row by scrolling the list
For a virtualized list that must keep its normal behavior, scroll the element that actually owns the list’s scrolling—not automatically the page—and take a screenshot at each position. The following script saves overlapping viewport captures. It assumes you can identify the scroll container and a row that appears after scrolling. Adjust both selectors and the readiness condition to match the app.
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const listSelector = '[data-testid="virtual-list"]';
const rowSelector = '[data-testid="list-row"]';
const outputPrefix = 'list-part';
const browser = await chromium.launch({ headless: true });
const page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1440, height: 900 } });
try {
await page.goto('https://your-app.example/list', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded' });
const list = page.locator(listSelector);
await list.waitFor({ state: 'visible' });
const totalHeight = await list.evaluate(el => el.scrollHeight);
const viewportHeight = await list.evaluate(el => el.clientHeight);
if (viewportHeight <= 0) throw new Error('List has no scrollable viewport');
// Overlap captures slightly so rows near a viewport edge are not clipped.
const step = Math.max(1, Math.floor(viewportHeight * 0.8));
let part = 0;
for (let top = 0; top < totalHeight; top += step) {
await list.evaluate((el, y) => { el.scrollTop = y; }, top);
// Allow scroll-triggered rendering to run, then wait for a visible row.
await page.waitForTimeout(100);
await list.locator(rowSelector).first().waitFor({ state: 'visible' });
await page.screenshot({ path: `${outputPrefix}-${String(part).padStart(3, '0')}.png` });
part += 1;
// Re-read height in case scrolling loaded another batch of rows.
const newHeight = await list.evaluate(el => el.scrollHeight);
if (newHeight > totalHeight) totalHeight = newHeight;
}
} finally {
await browser.close();
}This is a starting pattern, not a universal script: virtualizers differ in their scroll container, row selectors, and render timing. The example captures the page viewport after moving the list; if you want only the list, use a locator screenshot such as await list.screenshot({ path: 'list.png' }) at each position. Element screenshots are useful when surrounding page content should not appear in the output.
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Make the loop complete for your list
- Use the actual scroll container. It may be a nested element rather than
documentor the page. Inspect the app or locate the element whosescrollTopchanges when a user scrolls the list. - Wait for the condition that means “ready.” A short delay can be inadequate on a slow app. Prefer a selector or state that indicates the newly requested rows have rendered; for data-backed lists, wait for the relevant request or loading state to settle.
- Account for infinite loading. A list may grow only after reaching its end. Re-read its height after scrolling, and keep going until the application indicates there are no more items. A fixed initial height can stop before later batches load.
- Overlap sections. A small overlap helps avoid cutting off rows at capture boundaries. If you stitch sections, account for the overlap so the repeated rows are not duplicated in the final image.
- Confirm the end condition. Do not assume that the current
scrollHeightrepresents all expected data when additional rows load on demand. Use an app-specific end-of-list signal or known item count.
Handle react-window and infinite-loading lists
In react-window, choose FixedSizeList for equal-height rows and VariableSizeList when item sizes vary. Its row examples pass an inline style prop that positions and sizes each row; preserve that style when modifying the row component or the layout can break.
Overscan keeps a configured number of items beyond the visible window rendered. It can help with smooth scrolling and boundary captures, but it is not a way to render an arbitrarily long list at once; excessive overscanning can undermine the performance benefit of virtualization. Check the API for the version of the library installed in your project.
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For an infinite loader pattern, distinguish rows already loaded from rows expected but not yet available. The common pattern uses isItemLoaded, itemCount, and loadMoreItems. When capturing successive regions, wait for the requested batch to load and render before saving that section; otherwise the screenshot may record a loading placeholder or an incomplete batch.
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Render all rows in an app-specific capture mode
If you own the app and need a single tall image, you can create a capture-only view that renders all required rows without virtualization. Keep the data order stable and verify that every row is rendered before capturing. This is an app implementation strategy, not a Playwright screenshot option. The resulting image can differ from the live interactive view, and rendering a very large dataset at once may consume substantial browser memory.
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Common problems and fixes
- The full-page image is tall but list sections are blank or missing. The list is windowed and its off-screen rows were not rendered. Scroll the list and capture successive regions, or use a capture-only rendering mode.
- Scrolling the page does not move the list. The list likely has its own scroll container. Set
scrollTopon that element or use the library’s scrolling API rather than scrolling the document. - Some captures show placeholders or stale rows. The screenshot ran before the virtualizer or data loader finished updating. Wait for a meaningful row or loading-state condition after each scroll.
- The last rows are missing. The list may load more items only near its end, so the initial height was not final. Re-check height after scrolling and stop only when the app confirms there are no more items.
- Rows are clipped or repeated in a stitched image. Capture with overlap, align sections using the overlap, and avoid counting the repeated region twice when assembling the result.
- Rows are misplaced after changing the list renderer. A
react-windowrow may rely on the supplied inline positioning style. Pass that style through to the rendered row element.
Performance, fidelity, and output considerations
Viewport screenshots are the lightest option when one state is enough. Scroll-and-capture keeps virtualization active and avoids requiring all rows in the DOM simultaneously, but it involves multiple browser captures and may take longer when data loads between sections. A non-virtualized capture view can simplify producing one tall image, but large lists increase rendering and memory work. No single approach is universally fastest: row count, app loading, row complexity, and the browser environment all matter.
Choose viewport images when the reader needs to inspect individual states, element screenshots when only the list region matters, and a stitched image when one continuous artifact is required. Stitching is separate from Playwright’s fullPage option and should preserve row order and handle overlap deliberately.
Or skip the browser setup
ScreenshotNeo’s screenshot API can capture a URL in one request, but a screenshot service does not make a virtualized app render rows that the app has not rendered. For this title’s use case, scroll-and-capture or an app-specific capture mode is still necessary when every virtualized row must appear.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://your-app.example/list -o shot.webpSee the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for request options. ScreenshotNeo removes cookie banners, newsletter popups, and chat widgets before the shot; bot checks, blank pages, and failed loads are never billed. Its MCP server lets AI agents take screenshots, and 1,000 screenshots per month are free with no card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000. Learn about ScreenshotNeo, then sign up free.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does Playwright’s full-page option scroll a virtualized React list through every row?
No. It captures the page’s scrollable extent but does not guarantee that off-window list rows are rendered.
Can increasing react-window overscan capture the whole list?
Overscan covers a configured range beyond the visible window; it is not a substitute for rendering an arbitrarily long list.
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