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Set up authentication and take a screenshot
Use the site’s normal login flow with an authorized test account. After login, save the context’s storage state. For later captures, create a fresh context from that file, navigate to the private page, and capture it.
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import com.microsoft.playwright.*;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class PrivatePageScreenshot {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try (Playwright playwright = Playwright.create()) {
Browser browser = playwright.chromium().launch();
// First establish a signed-in context using the application's login flow.
BrowserContext signedIn = browser.newContext();
Page loginPage = signedIn.newPage();
loginPage.navigate("https://example.com/login");
// Complete the site's login steps here, using authorized test credentials.
signedIn.storageState(
new BrowserContext.StorageStateOptions()
.setPath(Paths.get("playwright/.auth/state.json")));
signedIn.close();
BrowserContext context = browser.newContext(
new Browser.NewContextOptions()
.setStorageStatePath(Paths.get("playwright/.auth/state.json")));
Page page = context.newPage();
page.navigate("https://example.com/private");
page.screenshot(new Page.ScreenshotOptions()
.setPath(Paths.get("private-page.png")));
context.close();
browser.close();
}
}
}Replace the example URLs and complete the login interaction using your application’s actual form or authentication flow. The code shows the state-saving and reuse pattern; it does not automate login because those steps vary by site.
- Create a browser context and complete the site’s ordinary login process.
- Save state with
context.storageState(new BrowserContext.StorageStateOptions().setPath(Paths.get("state.json"))). - Create a context with
browser.newContext(new Browser.NewContextOptions().setStorageStatePath(Paths.get("state.json"))). - Navigate to the protected route and capture the page or a selected element.
Protect the saved authentication state
Playwright’s Java authentication guide warns: “The browser state file may contain sensitive cookies and headers that could be used to impersonate you or your test account.” Store it as a credential, use a test account, restrict access, and add playwright/.auth to .gitignore so the file is not committed to source control. See Playwright’s Java authentication guide.
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Contexts created with browser.newContext() are isolated, non-persistent sessions; they do not write browsing data to disk. Saving storage state is an explicit way to reuse supported authentication data rather than relying on a persistent browser profile. See the Java BrowserContext reference.
Choose the capture scope and output
| Need | Java approach | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Current page view | page.screenshot(new Page.ScreenshotOptions().setPath(Paths.get("screenshot.png"))) |
Saves a viewport screenshot to a file. |
| Entire scrollable page | page.screenshot(new Page.ScreenshotOptions().setPath(Paths.get("full.png")).setFullPage(true)) |
Captures the full page as if it fit on a very tall screen. |
| Image for further processing | byte[] image = page.screenshot(); |
Returns image bytes in memory instead of writing a file. |
| One element | page.locator(".selector").screenshot(new Locator.ScreenshotOptions().setPath(Paths.get("element.png"))) |
Saves only the selected locator’s screenshot. |
The Playwright screenshot guide and Java Page API document screenshot controls such as clipping, scale, and masking locator content. Mask sensitive regions when the capture will be shared or stored outside a trusted test environment.
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Handle session storage separately
storageState supports cookies, local storage, IndexedDB, and virtual WebAuthn credentials, depending on the site’s authentication design. A site may require more than one of these mechanisms. Session storage is not persisted by storageState; if the application depends on it, follow Playwright’s separate save-and-restore approach using page.evaluate and context.addInitScript. The Java Page API lists sessionStorage() as added in v1.61, but that API does not make session storage part of the ordinary state file. Verify the details against your installed Playwright version and the target site’s login behavior. See the authentication guide and the Page API reference.
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Troubleshoot authentication and capture failures
- The private route redirects to login: Confirm the login flow completed before state was saved, that the state file is the one loaded into the new context, and that the saved authentication has not expired.
- The site appears signed out despite valid cookies: Check whether it relies on local storage, IndexedDB, virtual WebAuthn credentials, or session storage. The latter is not included in
storageStateand requires separate handling. - The state file is missing: Ensure the parent directory exists before saving to
playwright/.auth/state.json, and check that the process can write there. - The screenshot is incomplete: Use
setFullPage(true)for the full scrollable document, or capture a locator when only a specific region is needed. - Sensitive material is visible: Mask the relevant locator or use screenshot clipping before distributing the output.
- Authentication works locally but fails in a shared run: Do not commit or casually share the state file. Generate state for an authorized test account in a protected environment and ensure the file is available only to the process that needs it.
Or skip the browser setup
For a screenshot API alternative, ScreenshotNeo takes a screenshot with one request. Its API accepts a URL and returns an image or PDF; use it for pages you are authorized to access. It is not a substitute for configuring private credentials when a page requires authentication.
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cURL:
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpReplace the target URL with the page to capture. See the ScreenshotNeo API documentation for parameters and setup.
- Cookie and consent banners are accepted before capture, and known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets are removed; each cleanup step can be turned off.
- Bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits are not billed. Responses include
X-Page-VerdictandX-Billedheaders. - An MCP server provides
take_screenshot,get_page_info, andcapture_pdftools for AI agents and MCP clients. - The Free plan includes 1,000 screenshots per month without a card; paid plans start at $5 for 3,000 screenshots.
Sign up for ScreenshotNeo’s free plan to get 1,000 screenshots a month with no card.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Does Playwright’s storage state include session storage?
No. Session storage needs separate save-and-restore handling; it is not automatically persisted by `storageState`.
Can I take a screenshot without saving it to disk?
Yes. `page.screenshot()` returns a `byte[]` that you can pass to another processing step.
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