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How to Scope PCI DSS Vulnerability Scans for an Accurate Assessment

PCI DSS scan scope follows the systems in your assessment. Separate internal scans from external ASV scans, meet the required cadence and follow through on remediation.

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Include every system that is in scope for your PCI DSS assessment in the scan, remediation and rescan process. Map internal systems separately from externally reachable assets: Requirement 11.3.1 covers internal vulnerability scans, while Requirement 11.3.2 requires external scans by a PCI SSC Approved Scanning Vendor (ASV). The right asset list depends on your payment environment and validation path—not a universal list of IP addresses.

How to determine which systems are in scope

Start with the systems included in your entity’s PCI DSS assessment, then identify which of those systems need internal scanning and which are externally reachable and subject to external scanning. Keep the scan inventory aligned with the assessment scope: in-scope systems must be included in scanning, remediation and any required rescans.

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There is no reliable one-size-fits-all list of hosts, IP ranges or network boundaries. The applicable SAQ or other validation path, the payment environment and the systems in scope for that assessment determine the population. Check the current PCI DSS standard and the SAQ that applies to your organization rather than inferring scope from a scan report.

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Internal scans and external ASV scans are different requirements

Aspect Internal vulnerability scans External vulnerability scans
PCI DSS requirement 11.3.1 11.3.2
Who performs the scan Qualified personnel who are organizationally independent of the scanned components. A QSA or ASV is not required. A PCI SSC Approved Scanning Vendor (ASV).
Frequency At least once every three months. At least once every three months.
Follow-up Resolve high-risk and critical vulnerabilities, then rescan to confirm resolution. Remediate and rescan as needed to meet the ASV Program Guide’s passing criteria.
Scope emphasis In-scope internal systems. In-scope systems reachable from outside; confirm asset scope through the applicable ASV process.

For internal scans, independence matters: PCI SSC’s SAQ D material gives the example that a network administrator should not be responsible for scanning the network. The internal scan tool must also be kept current. For external scans, using internal staff or a general scanning service does not replace the requirement for an ASV.

Cadence, remediation and passing-scan evidence

PCI SSC says quarterly scans should be performed as close to three months apart as possible. FAQ 1087 identifies 90 days as the maximum time that should pass between scans; if an unforeseen event disrupts a planned scan, conduct it as soon as possible. These intervals are requirements, not permission to routinely schedule scans farther apart.

When a scan identifies vulnerabilities requiring action, remediation is part of the process—not an optional step after collecting a report. Internal scans require resolution of high-risk and critical findings and a confirming rescan. External scans require remediation and rescanning as needed to satisfy ASV passing criteria.

PCI SSC FAQ 1152 describes passing scans at least once every three months for the four previous quarters as the general evidence pattern, covering all in-scope systems and following through on necessary remediation and rescans. Its guidance says an external scan fails if it finds a vulnerability with a CVSS score of 4.0 or higher; a passing scan generally has no automatic-fail condition. Apply these details in the context of the current standard and the SAQ or assessment path that applies to your entity.

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SAQ A merchants with redirect or embedded payment pages

Outsourcing payment processing does not automatically remove external scanning responsibilities. PCI SSC’s June 2026 SAQ A FAQ says qualifying merchant e-commerce webpages still have ASV scanning responsibilities when they redirect transactions to a compliant third-party service provider or contain that provider’s embedded payment page or form.

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The PCI SSC resource guide from 2024 explains the rationale as reducing the risk that compromise of the merchant webpage affects its connection to the third party’s payment page. Keep this clarification limited to the described merchant-page cases; check the applicable SAQ and current PCI SSC guidance before drawing conclusions about other outsourced payment setups.

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What an ASV report does—and does not—establish

An ASV report records scan results; it does not establish that the rest of PCI DSS has been reviewed or met. PCI SSC FAQ 1234, published June 2025, states: “The ASV will produce a scan report that details the results of the vulnerability scan — this scan report is not an indication that any other PCI DSS requirements have been reviewed or are in place.”

Use the report as evidence about the external scan, not as a declaration of overall compliance. Ask your acquirer or payment brand what report-submission expectations apply to your assessment.

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