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One free scan finds every outdated or missing driver and matches the right update for your exact hardware.Free scan · exact hardware matchTo permanently send a subdomain to one specific destination, configure an HTTP 301 Moved Permanently response at an HTTP-serving endpoint. DNS records alone cannot issue that response: a CNAME only aliases one hostname to another. Use your provider’s forwarding feature when it supports a permanent redirect, or point the subdomain to a web server you control and return a 301 with a Location header.
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The direct answer: put the redirect at the HTTP layer
When someone enters https://sub.example.com, the browser first uses DNS to discover an IP address. It then opens an HTTP or HTTPS connection to that address and sends a request containing the subdomain as the Host value. Only the HTTP endpoint can reply with a status code such as 301 and tell the browser which URL to use next.
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A CNAME record does not perform those later steps. It says that one hostname is an alias for another hostname, allowing DNS resolution to continue. It cannot inspect a URL path, preserve or change a query string, issue an HTTP status, or add a Location header. An A or AAAA record has the same limitation: it maps a name to an address, not to a web URL.
A permanent redirect therefore needs one of two implementations:
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- Provider forwarding: a DNS host, registrar, or hosting panel receives the request and is configured to answer with a permanent redirect.
- Your own web server: an Apache, Nginx, or other HTTP service answers the subdomain and returns a 301 response whose
Locationheader contains the destination.
For a request to https://sub.example.com, a successful response should look conceptually like this:
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://newdomain.com/The browser then requests the URL in Location. The server should include the preferred new URI there; the 301 status tells user agents and intermediaries that future references should use that destination.
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“Redirect the subdomain” can mean several different behaviors. Decide which one you need before selecting a provider setting or writing a rewrite rule.
Send every request to one exact URL
For a campaign or retired microsite, you may want every path to land on one page. For example, both https://sub.example.com/ and https://sub.example.com/about would return a 301 to https://newdomain.com/. This discards the original path and is appropriate only when the destination page is intentionally the same for all requests.
Keep the path while changing the host
A migration often requires https://sub.example.com/article-7 to become https://newdomain.com/article-7. The redirect must append the captured path to the new base URL. Provider forwarding may offer a “path forwarding” or “preserve path” switch; if it does not, use a server you control.
Decide how to handle query strings
Tracking and application parameters follow different rules from paths. A server rewrite commonly carries the original query string unless its configuration explicitly replaces it. Confirm the actual result with a test such as > before switching to a permanent response. If parameters contain sensitive data, do not send them to a destination that should not receive them.
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Cover both HTTP and HTTPS
Visitors may enter either http://sub.example.com or https://sub.example.com. A complete setup must answer both schemes. HTTPS requires a valid certificate for the subdomain before the server can return the redirect; a browser that rejects the certificate never reaches the 301 instruction. Many forwarding services provision this certificate for you, while a self-managed server requires you to obtain and renew it.
Check whether requests can be POST
301 responses are permanent, but HTTP clients are not required to preserve the original method. In practice, many clients turn a POST into a GET when following a 301. If forms, webhooks, APIs, or uploads can reach the subdomain, use 308 Permanent Redirect when method and request body preservation is required. A 308 carries permanent semantics while requiring the user agent to keep the method unchanged.
Option 1: use a provider’s forwarding feature
This is usually the lowest-effort route because the provider supplies the HTTP endpoint, certificate handling, and redirect response. The exact labels vary, and provider-specific UI behavior was not established here, so confirm that the feature explicitly offers a 301 or permanent redirect rather than merely allowing a CNAME.
Prerequisites
- Control of the DNS zone for
sub.example.com. - A forwarding product or hosting panel that accepts a source hostname and a full destination URL.
- HTTPS support for the source subdomain if visitors will use
https://. - A decision about whether the original path and query string should be retained.
Generic setup procedure
- Open the provider’s forwarding or redirect area. Look for wording such as URL forwarding, web forwarding, domain forwarding, or redirect rules. A standard DNS-record editor alone is not sufficient.
- Create a source entry for the exact subdomain. Enter
sub.example.com, not only the parent domain, unless the panel explicitly supports wildcard or host-wide forwarding. - Enter the complete destination. Use the final scheme and hostname, such as
https://newdomain.com/. Include a path when all traffic should land on a particular page. - Select permanent redirect. Choose “301,” “Moved Permanently,” or an equivalent option. Do not assume that “forward” automatically means 301; some services use a frame, a temporary code, or client-side scripting.
- Choose path handling. Enable path preservation only when the destination site has matching routes. If every request must go to one page, disable preservation and test several source paths.
- Enable HTTPS for the source. If the provider has a certificate toggle, wait for certificate issuance before testing the HTTPS address. If it requires a certificate supplied by you, install it before publishing the redirect.
- Save and allow DNS or service changes to become active. The time is provider- and DNS-cache-dependent; do not infer completion from one network. Check from more than one connection or resolver.
- Verify the response with curl. Run the commands in the testing section and inspect both status and
Location.
What provider forwarding can and cannot control
Forwarding dashboards are convenient, but they may expose only a few options. You might be unable to set custom cache directives, security headers, different destinations by path, or method-specific behavior. Some services preserve paths; others always send every request to the same URL. Treat the panel’s documented behavior as authoritative and test the exact URL shapes your visitors use.
If the provider cannot answer HTTPS, cannot preserve required paths, or does not show that it returns a 301, move the DNS name to a small HTTP service you control instead of trying to make DNS perform the redirect.
Option 2: return the 301 from your own web server
With a self-managed endpoint, DNS points the subdomain to your server, the server terminates TLS, and a virtual host or server block matches the subdomain. The redirect rule then constructs the target URL. This route takes more setup but gives you control over paths, headers, cache policy, logging, and exceptions.
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Server and DNS prerequisites
- An addressable server or hosting target that accepts HTTP traffic on ports 80 and 443.
- An A record for an IPv4 address and/or an AAAA record for IPv6, pointing
sub.example.comto that target. - A certificate whose names cover
sub.example.com(and any additional source names you intend to serve). - Firewall rules allowing the required HTTP and HTTPS ports.
- A web-server configuration that selects the redirect host before any application route handles it.
Do not point the hostname at a server that returns an unrelated website. A default virtual host can accidentally serve a 200 response, expose another site, or create a redirect loop.
Apache example
The following rewrite pattern is a commonly used starting point for preserving the path:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://newdomain.com/$1 [R=301,L]Place the rule in the virtual host or directory context that serves sub.example.com, and ensure the rewrite module is enabled. The capture group represents the requested path, so a request for /docs/start is sent to https://newdomain.com/docs/start. Apache’s handling of query strings, directory context, and existing rules can affect the final result; test the deployed configuration rather than assuming this short example covers every setup.
You need a separate TLS-enabled virtual host for HTTPS. The certificate must be selected before Apache can process the request. Keep the HTTP and HTTPS rules aligned so that users do not receive different destinations depending on the scheme.
Nginx-style server block
An equivalent Nginx deployment uses one server block for the source hostname and a return or rewrite directive. A typical pattern is:
server {
listen 80;
server_name sub.example.com;
return 301 https://newdomain.com$request_uri;
}$request_uri carries the path and query string as received. For HTTPS, create a second block with listen 443 ssl, install the certificate and key, and use the same return directive. Validate the configuration with the server’s configuration-test command before reloading it. Exact directives and certificate paths depend on your Nginx installation, so treat this as an implementation pattern, not a drop-in file.
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Send everything to one fixed page instead
If path preservation is not desired, return the fixed destination directly:
return 301 https://newdomain.com/;Use this deliberately. Sending obsolete paths to a generic home page can hide broken links and make analytics or user bookmarks harder to interpret. A path-preserving migration is usually safer when the destination site has equivalent URLs.
Configure HTTPS without creating a loop
HTTPS changes the order of operations: the client must complete the TLS handshake before it can read an HTTP redirect. Obtain a certificate for sub.example.com, configure the private key on the endpoint, and make sure the certificate chain is served correctly. A certificate for newdomain.com does not automatically cover the source subdomain.
Redirect loops commonly occur when a proxy terminates TLS and forwards HTTP to the origin while the origin believes it must redirect back to HTTPS. Decide which layer owns HTTP-to-HTTPS enforcement, pass the proxy’s scheme information correctly, and verify the response from the public Internet. The source host should redirect to the destination host, not back to itself.
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Keep DNS and certificate changes coordinated. If DNS points to the wrong machine, the certificate and redirect rule you configured will never be reached. If an old endpoint remains reachable, different networks may observe different status codes until caches expire.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.301 versus 308: select the permanent code that matches your traffic
| Response | Permanent meaning | Method behavior | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 301 Moved Permanently | Clients should use the new URI for future references. | The client may change the method; POST is often retried as GET. | Browser navigation and ordinary page migrations where requests are GET. |
| 308 Permanent Redirect | Permanent semantics equivalent to a moved resource. | The user agent must not change the method or request body. | Subdomains that receive POST requests, webhooks, or API traffic. |
Use 301 when the source is a normal browsing hostname and method changes are harmless. Select 308 when preserving POST, PUT, PATCH, or another non-GET method is a requirement. Confirm that every client involved supports 308 before deploying it to an older integration.
Test the redirect before making it permanent
A 301 can be heuristically cacheable. Caches may store it even without an explicit expiry, and clearing a browser’s cached permanent redirect is difficult for visitors. Test the complete behavior with a non-permanent configuration first when your provider or server allows it, then switch to 301 only after the destination is final.
Inspect headers without following the redirect
curl -I https://sub.example.comThe response should show status 301 and a Location header containing the intended destination. Check that the scheme is correct, the hostname is exact, and no unexpected port or path appears.
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curl -I 'https://sub.example.com/docs/start?ref=mail'Compare the returned location with your path policy. If preservation is enabled, expect the destination path to remain /docs/start; if it is disabled, expect the fixed URL. Check whether the query string is retained, removed, or replaced according to your design.
Follow the chain and count hops
curl -I -L https://sub.example.comThe -L option follows redirects so you can see whether the source takes one hop or several. A clean migration normally reaches the final URL without a loop. Multiple hops increase latency and make cached behavior harder to reason about; update the source rule to point directly at the final destination when possible.
Check both schemes and common clients
- Run the header test for
http://sub.example.comandhttps://sub.example.com. - Test the bare subdomain, a deep path, and a URL with a query string.
- Use a browser’s network panel to confirm that the first response is a server-side 301 or 308, not a JavaScript navigation.
- If POST requests are possible, send a safe test request and confirm whether the method and body arrive at the destination as intended.
Troubleshooting common failures
| Symptom | Likely cause | What to check |
|---|---|---|
| DNS error or connection timeout | No usable A/AAAA record, wrong address, or blocked port. | Resolve sub.example.com, inspect both IPv4 and IPv6 paths, and verify firewall rules. |
| Certificate warning before any redirect | The source certificate is missing, expired, or does not include the subdomain. | Install a valid certificate on the endpoint that DNS reaches; the destination certificate cannot fix the source handshake. |
| HTTP 200 with the old site | The request matched a default virtual host or application route instead of the redirect rule. | Match the exact Host name and reload the server configuration. |
| 301 has the wrong destination | Provider forwarding points to an old URL, or rewrite rules build the URL incorrectly. | Inspect the raw Location header with curl -I and remove competing rules. |
| Path disappears | Fixed-URL forwarding is enabled, or the rewrite does not append the request path. | Choose path preservation or use a rule based on the requested URI. |
| POST arrives as GET | The client changed methods while following a 301. | Use 308 for method-sensitive traffic and verify client compatibility. |
| Redirect loop | The source and destination resolve to each other, or a proxy and origin disagree about the scheme. | Trace every hop with curl -I -L and make one layer authoritative for HTTPS enforcement. |
| Some visitors still see an old result | A browser or intermediary cached the permanent response, or DNS caches still contain the previous endpoint. | Test from a clean profile and separate networks; avoid changing the destination repeatedly after publishing 301. |
Operational checklist for a safe cutover
- Write down the exact source host, destination URL, path policy, query-string policy, and HTTP methods involved.
- Confirm that the destination is live and that every preserved path has a matching route.
- Choose provider forwarding or a self-managed server based on required header control, path handling, HTTPS ownership, and available UI support.
- Publish DNS records and provision a certificate for the source subdomain.
- Deploy a test redirect and inspect status, location, path, query string, and hop count.
- Test HTTP and HTTPS, root and deep paths, and any safe POST workflow.
- Set the final permanent status only after the destination and rule are stable.
- Monitor server or provider logs for requests that still arrive at the retired subdomain and add destination routes for legitimate misses.
The essential distinction is simple: DNS gets the request to an endpoint; that endpoint returns the permanent redirect. Once the subdomain resolves to a service that can answer HTTP, a correctly configured 301 (or a 308 when method preservation matters), a valid source certificate, and direct command-line tests provide a dependable migration.
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