Set the browser page viewport to the required width and height before navigating, then take a normal screenshot. For example, a 1280 × 720 viewport produces a screenshot of the visible page area at those dimensions when captured at CSS-pixel scale. This fixes the webpage’s layout viewport—not the outer operating-system window with browser tabs and controls.
Set a fixed viewport with Playwright
Install Playwright and its browser for your project, then configure the page before loading the target URL. This complete Node.js example saves the visible viewport as page.png:
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import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewportSize({ width: 1280, height: 720 });
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'page.png' });
await browser.close();Replace the URL and dimensions as needed. Width and height are pixels for the webpage viewport. Set the viewport before navigation: responsive pages may lay themselves out based on the size they see when first loaded. Playwright recommends this ordering because many websites do not expect a page to change size after navigation. Playwright page API
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If your agent creates several pages in the same browser context, set the viewport when creating that context rather than resetting it page by page:
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const context = await browser.newContext({
viewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 }
});
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'page.png' });Use context-level screen configuration as well if the page needs screen dimensions controlled separately. Calling page.setViewportSize() also resets the screen size. See Playwright browser context options.
Choose viewport or full-page capture
A normal page.screenshot() captures what is visible inside the viewport. It does not capture the full scrollable document. If you need the whole page instead, explicitly request it:
await page.screenshot({ path: 'whole-page.png', fullPage: true });A full-page image is taller than the viewport, so do not enable fullPage when the output must remain exactly 1280 × 720. For a specific part of the page, Playwright also supports element screenshots; see its screenshot guide.
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Control screenshot pixel scale
The viewport dimensions describe CSS pixels. Playwright’s screenshot scale option determines how those pixels map to image pixels:
scale: 'css'produces one image pixel per CSS pixel, which is the clearest choice when you need predictable output dimensions tied to the viewport.scale: 'device'uses device pixels. On a high-density display, the resulting image can be larger than the CSS viewport dimensions.
For a 1280 × 720 image, use CSS scale explicitly when the installed Playwright version supports the option: await page.screenshot({ path: 'page.png', scale: 'css' });. Check the screenshot API options for the version installed in your project.
Python and Puppeteer alternatives
Python with Playwright
Create the page with its viewport before navigation. This asynchronous example saves the visible viewport:
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from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
async def main():
async with async_playwright() as p:
browser = await p.chromium.launch()
page = await browser.new_page(viewport={"width": 1280, "height": 720})
await page.goto("https://example.com")
await page.screenshot(path="page.png")
await browser.close()Run the function from your application’s async entry point. Playwright APIs and options can evolve, so consult the documentation for the version installed in your environment.
JavaScript with Puppeteer
If your agent already uses Puppeteer, set the page viewport before navigating:
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewport({ width: 1280, height: 720 });
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'page.png' });Puppeteer likewise recommends setting the viewport before navigation for pages that respond to size changes. Some mobile or touch configurations can reload the page when the viewport is set; see the Puppeteer viewport API.
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Make repeated captures more consistent
A fixed viewport is necessary for repeatable screenshots, but it does not guarantee pixel-identical images on different machines. Rendering can vary with operating system, browser version, browser settings, hardware, power source, and headless mode. For visual comparisons, keep the browser version, execution environment, viewport, and capture settings stable. Playwright describes these sources of rendering variation in its visual comparison documentation.
- Set viewport dimensions before navigation.
- Use CSS scale when the output should map one-to-one to CSS pixels.
- Keep the browser and host environment consistent across runs.
- Choose ordinary viewport capture or full-page capture deliberately; they produce different image dimensions.
Troubleshooting fixed-size screenshots
The image has unexpected dimensions
Check whether you enabled fullPage: true; that makes the image taller than the viewport. Also check the screenshot scale: device scale can produce more image pixels than CSS pixels. Use a normal viewport screenshot and CSS scale when exact CSS-pixel dimensions are needed.
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Set width and height before goto(), not after the page has loaded. If you use a context, pass viewport to browser.newContext() before creating pages.
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Images differ between runs despite the same viewport
Compare the browser version, operating system, rendering settings, hardware, and headless mode. Keep the execution environment stable as well as the viewport; size alone cannot control all rendering differences.
I need the actual desktop window size
Playwright’s viewport APIs control the webpage’s layout area, not the browser’s outer window including tabs and controls. The documented page APIs here do not provide a host-level capture workflow for that different requirement.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Does a fixed viewport set the browser window size?
No. It sets the webpage’s layout viewport, not the outer operating-system window and its browser controls.
Will 1280 × 720 always produce a 1280 × 720 file?
For a normal viewport capture using CSS scale, it maps to one screenshot pixel per CSS pixel. Full-page capture or device-pixel scale can produce different dimensions.
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