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How to Keep Pipes from Freezing During a Cold Snap

Insulate and drain vulnerable plumbing before temperatures fall, keep heat steady during severe cold, and use safe steps if a pipe freezes.
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Before a cold snap, protect exposed pipes with insulation, seal drafts, and drain outdoor hose lines. During severe cold, keep indoor heat steady, open cabinets around vulnerable plumbing, and let a slow cold-water drip run from a faucet served by exposed pipes. If a pipe freezes, avoid open flames; call a licensed plumber if you cannot locate or safely thaw it.

Which pipes are most at risk?

Prioritize water lines exposed to outdoor temperatures or located in unheated, drafty spaces. Check basements, crawl spaces, attics, garages, under-sink cabinets, and places where pipes pass through exterior walls or a foundation. Outdoor hose bibs and their supply lines are also vulnerable. Both hot- and cold-water pipes can freeze; as water freezes and expands, it can damage or rupture a pipe.

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Find your home’s main water shutoff before an emergency so you can stop the flow quickly if a pipe bursts. Seattle Public Utilities includes knowing the shutoff location in its winter weather preparation advice.

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What to do before temperatures plunge

  1. Inspect vulnerable areas. Look for water lines in unheated spaces, near exterior walls, and wherever drafts can reach plumbing.
  2. Disconnect and drain outdoor hoses. If an indoor shutoff serves an exterior faucet, close it and drain the line as appropriate for your plumbing setup.
  3. Insulate exposed pipes. Pipe insulation sleeves are a practical option for accessible runs. For pipes that remain exposed to severe cold, listed heat tape or heat cable may be appropriate if the product is suitable for the pipe material and location.
  4. Seal cold-air leaks. Close gaps around pipe penetrations and other openings that let outdoor air into spaces where plumbing runs.
  5. Winterize pool and sprinkler lines by their instructions. Follow the manufacturer’s or installer’s directions. The American Red Cross says not to add antifreeze unless directed; it can harm people, pets, wildlife, landscaping, and the environment.

The American Red Cross frozen-pipe guidance and Michigan’s frozen-pipe guidance both identify insulation and suitable heat cable as prevention options.

#1 Best Overall
Duck Brand Foam Pipe Covers, 0.75 in x 1 Ft, 6 Sticks Per Pack, Black
  • Duck Brand insulating foam pipe stick covers are great for insulating both hot and cold water pipes
  • These foam pipe covers are pre-slit for easy opening and installation on curved pipes and the self sealing edges make it easy to secure
  • Versatile foam pipe insulation helps prevent winter freezing and summer sweating of indoor water, air conditioning and HVAC pipes. Safe for temperatures up to 212 F.
  • These pipe covers have an R Value of 3.6 and can fit 1/2" to 3/4" pipes
  • Each foam pipe stick is 12" long for easy installation. 6 pipe sticks come in a pack for a total of 6 feet of pipe insulation

How to protect pipes during a cold snap

  • Keep the thermostat steady through the day and night rather than lowering the heat overnight.
  • Open sink cabinets in kitchens or bathrooms if doing so lets warmer room air reach vulnerable pipes. Move household chemicals out of children’s reach first.
  • Keep garage doors closed wherever water lines pass through the garage.
  • Let a slow cold-water drip run from an indoor faucet served by exposed plumbing during severe cold. Choose a faucet connected to the vulnerable pipe run; a drip from an unrelated line may not protect it. The Red Cross explains that even a trickle helps prevent pipes from freezing.

Do not leave water running in an unoccupied building. If you will be away, keep the heat on and arrange for someone to check the home, particularly during extreme cold.

What temperature should you set if you leave home?

The Red Cross and Michigan advise keeping the thermostat at 55°F or higher when leaving a home during cold weather. Michigan also recommends arranging daily checks. In some situations, shutting off and draining the water system may be an alternative, but Michigan warns that this deactivates a residential fire sprinkler system if it shares the home’s water supply. Consider the plumbing and fire-protection setup before choosing that approach.

Rank #2
CARGEN 1/2" ID Foam Pipe Insulation Fits 1/2" OD Copper & PEX Water Pipes
  • Application: Pipe insulation foam tube for pipe freeze protection and sharp edge protection.Provides good water pipe insulation, sharp edge collision protection, and has good surface grip.(Please confirm the inner diameter before purchasing)
  • Foam Pipe Insulation: Our pipe insulation foam are made of high quality nitrile rubber.Class B flame retardant, good flame retardancy, high elasticity, non-absorbent
  • Non-folding packaging: Foam tube is naturally rolled up and put into the packaging bag.Avoid obvious creases caused by folding.Working temperature is -58°F to 230°F(- 50℃ to 110℃)
  • No Pre-cut: The foam tube is completely closed structure, better thermal insulation effect.Pipe insulation foam can be cut to length as you need
  • Package: You will receive 6 feet of insulation foam tubing. We stand behind of our products if you have any questions

Choosing pipe insulation or heat cable

For an accessible exposed run, start by checking whether a pipe insulation sleeve fits the pipe and the conditions where it is installed. Heat tape or heat cable is another option for a persistently vulnerable pipe, but suitability and installation requirements vary by product. Confirm that the exact product is independently approved or listed and expressly intended for the pipe material and indoor or outdoor location. Read and follow its installation and operating instructions.

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For example, Frost King’s automatic heat-cable instructions call for a properly grounded receptacle, strongly recommend GFCI protection, specify thermostat placement, and warn against installing that product on plastic pipe unless the pipe is kept full of water. These are directions for that product, not universal requirements for every heat cable.

Rank #3
Foam King Foam Pipe Insulation Foam Tube for Pipe Covers - 12 Pack
  • Each cover is 3 feet long, made from durable foam and pre-slit for quick and easy installation on copper, iron, and PVC pipes. ID (nominal) 5/8inch; wall thickness 3/8 inch, fits copper pipe size 1/2 inch, fits iron pipe size 3/8 inch. *ALL SIZES ARE APPROXIMATE AND CAN CHANGE SLIGHTLY DUE TO THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS*
  • Year-Round Protection: Guards plumbing against freezing in winter and condensation in summer; reduces pipe sweating while keeping water lines quiet; ideal insulation for outdoor pipes and indoor applications alike
  • Energy Savings Made Simple: Minimizes heat loss from hot water heater pipe insulation; delivers faster hot water and lowers utility bills by reducing your water heater's workload with polyethylene foam pipe insulation
  • Prevents Costly Damage: Stops ice formation in cold weather pipe wrap applications; protects against burst pipes and emergency repairs; durable foam insulation for pipes outside and inside your home or RV
  • Durable Temperature Range – Safe for use from -90°F to 180°F (-68°C to 82°C) for both hot and cold water pipes. R-value = 2.2.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Support on Ko-Fi

What to do if a pipe may already be frozen

A faucet that produces only a trickle can signal a frozen pipe. The frozen section is often near an exterior wall or where the service line enters the home.

  1. Open the affected faucet. Leave it open while the ice melts so water can flow as the blockage clears.
  2. Warm the pipe only if it is accessible and the area is dry. The Red Cross lists an electric heating pad, a hair dryer, or towels soaked in hot water as possible methods.
  3. Avoid flames and water-related electrical hazards. Never use a torch or other open flame to thaw a pipe. Do not use electrical devices where there is standing water.
  4. Call a licensed plumber if you cannot find the frozen section, cannot access it, or cannot thaw it safely.

If a pipe has burst, close the main water shutoff promptly to limit flooding, then arrange for repair.

Quick Recap

Bestseller No. 1
Duck Brand Foam Pipe Covers, 0.75 in x 1 Ft, 6 Sticks Per Pack, Black
Duck Brand Foam Pipe Covers, 0.75 in x 1 Ft, 6 Sticks Per Pack, Black
These pipe covers have an R Value of 3.6 and can fit 1/2" to 3/4" pipes; MADE IN THE USA: This Duck Brand product is made in America
$10.90
Best Value
CARGEN 1/4" ID Foam Pipe Insulation Fits 1/4" OD Ice Maker Water Line
  • Application: Pipe insulation foam tube for pipe freeze protection and sharp edge protection.Provides good water pipe insulation, sharp edge collision protection, and has good surface grip.(Please confirm the inner diameter before purchasing)
  • Foam Pipe Insulation: Our pipe insulation foam are made of high quality nitrile rubber.Class B flame retardant, good flame retardancy, high elasticity, non-absorbent
  • Non-folding packaging: Foam tube is naturally rolled up and put into the packaging bag.Avoid obvious creases caused by folding.Working temperature is -58°F to 230°F(- 50℃ to 110℃)
  • No Pre-cut: The foam tube is completely closed structure, better thermal insulation effect.Pipe insulation foam can be cut to length as you need
  • Package: You will receive 6 feet of insulation foam tubing. We stand behind of our products if you have any questions
Rank #4
Foam King Foam Pipe Insulation Foam Tube for Pipe Covers - 12 Pack
  • Each cover is 3 feet long, made from durable foam and pre-slit for quick and easy installation on copper, iron, and PVC pipes. ID (nominal) 5/8inch; wall thickness 3/8 inch, fits copper pipe size 1/2 inch, fits iron pipe size 3/8 inch. *ALL SIZES ARE APPROXIMATE AND CAN CHANGE SLIGHTLY DUE TO THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS*
  • All-Season Savings & Protection – From frigid winter nights to humid summer mornings, this insulation helps guard against freezing, pipe sweating, and keeps plumbing operations smooth and quiet.
  • Helps Reduce Energy Waste and Bills – By minimizing heat loss, you can lower your water heater’s workload — giving you faster hot water delivery and saving you money.
  • Prevents Costly Pipe Damage & Emergencies – Prevents ice formation and reduces the risk of burst pipes—protecting your home and your wallet from unexpected plumbing disasters.
  • Durable Temperature Range – Safe for use from -90°F to 180°F (-68°C to 82°C) for both hot and cold water pipes. R-value = 2.2.

Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.

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