To install PrestaShop 9 on a Linux VPS, provision a supported Unix-based server, configure Apache 2.4+ or Nginx 1.0+, run PHP 8.1 or newer (PHP 8.5 is the current recommendation), prepare MySQL 5.7 or MariaDB 10.2+, create a dedicated database, upload the release, and complete the browser or command-line installer. Set PHP’s memory_limit to at least 512M and pass the compatibility checks before making the store public.
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The safest deployment is staged: build the store on a separate test copy, verify the theme and modules, back up the database and files, then repeat the tested changes on production. The installer itself is straightforward, but incorrect PHP extensions, permissions, virtual-host settings, or database credentials are responsible for most failed installations.
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PrestaShop 9 VPS requirements
PrestaShop is designed for Unix-based systems such as Linux. Windows is not actively supported. The following baselines come from the PrestaShop Developer Documentation’s 2026 requirements information; a maintained distribution and current security updates are preferable to an end-of-life operating system.
| Component | Supported baseline | Practical guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Operating system | Unix-based system, especially Linux | Use a maintained Linux distribution with security updates and a supported package repository. |
| Web server | Apache Web Server 2.4 or later; Nginx 1.0 or later is supported | Choose the server your team can configure, monitor, and troubleshoot confidently. |
| PHP | PHP 8.1 or newer is the minimum supported line | PHP 8.5 is recommended on the current requirements page, provided the selected PrestaShop release and extensions support it. |
| Database | MySQL 5.7 minimum or MariaDB 10.2 minimum | Use a maintained release rather than an obsolete package supplied only for compatibility. |
| PHP memory | memory_limit of at least 512M recommended |
Set this for the PHP SAPI used by the web server, not only for the command-line PHP binary. |
| Extensions and settings | PDO MySQL and other extensions checked by the compatibility screen | Also verify file uploads, PHP settings, and filesystem read/write access before starting. |
You also need a VPS with enough disk space for the application, images, logs, database, backups, and future upgrades; a domain pointed at the server; shell access with administrative privileges; and a way to obtain the official PrestaShop release archive. The exact disk and memory capacity depends on catalog size, traffic, image processing, modules, and backup retention, so do not treat a small development VPS as a production sizing guarantee.
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Apache or Nginx: which should you choose?
PrestaShop’s documentation lists Apache 2.4+ as the primary documented web-server baseline and supports Nginx 1.0+. Neither is declared universally superior. Select the option that matches your existing operational knowledge and the rest of your VPS stack.
| Consideration | Apache | Nginx |
|---|---|---|
| Best fit | Teams comfortable with Apache virtual hosts and directory-level rewrite rules. | Teams already using Nginx as a reverse proxy or serving several PHP-FPM applications. |
| PHP connection | Can use the distribution’s Apache PHP integration or PHP-FPM. | Requires PHP-FPM and a correctly configured FastCGI socket or TCP endpoint. |
| Rewrite and routing | Ensure the required rewrite behavior is enabled and permitted in the virtual host. | Translate the application’s front-controller rules into the server block; a missing rule can produce 404 errors. |
| Operations | Review Apache access and error logs and enabled modules. | Review Nginx access/error logs as well as PHP-FPM logs and pool limits. |
Do not run both as competing public listeners on the same IP and port. If you place one behind the other, document which process terminates TLS and forwards requests, then test redirects, uploaded files, cache behavior, and the administrator URL.
1. Provision the VPS and point your domain
- Choose a supported Linux image. Apply all distribution updates, create an administrative account with sudo access, and use SSH keys where possible. Remove or disable unused services rather than exposing a default server to the internet.
- Set the hostname and time. Accurate time makes TLS, logs, scheduled tasks, and incident investigation more reliable. Confirm that the VPS clock synchronizes correctly.
- Create DNS records. Point the store’s A record to the VPS IPv4 address and add an AAAA record only when IPv6 is configured and filtered correctly. Allow DNS propagation before testing the installer.
- Plan the document root. A path such as
/var/www/prestashopkeeps application files separate from other sites. The web-server virtual host must use this directory consistently. - Plan HTTPS and administration. Decide which service will obtain and renew the certificate, restrict SSH and database access with a firewall, and arrange off-server backups before launch.
2. Install the web, PHP, and database stack
Package names vary by Linux distribution and PHP repository. The important result is a supported PHP version, the extensions reported by the PrestaShop compatibility check, a working web server, and MySQL or MariaDB. Do not assume that the distribution’s default PHP version is acceptable: verify it explicitly.
Install Apache and PHP
On a Debian- or Ubuntu-family system, the following illustrates the package categories to install; adjust names for your distribution and selected PHP version:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install apache2 mysql-server php php-cli php-fpm php-mysql php-curl php-gd php-intl php-mbstring php-xml php-zip php-soap php-opcache unzipCheck the installed version and loaded modules:
php -v
php -mEnable the Apache modules or PHP-FPM integration required by your chosen PHP setup, then restart Apache after configuration changes. If your distribution provides several PHP versions, ensure Apache and the command-line tools are not silently using different versions.
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Install Nginx and PHP-FPM
For Nginx, install Nginx, the same required PHP extensions, and the PHP-FPM service. Configure the server block to send PHP requests to the matching FPM socket, set the document root to the PrestaShop directory, and enable the rewrite/front-controller behavior required by the release. A PHP-FPM service running on one version while Nginx points to another is a common source of misleading compatibility failures.
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Find the php.ini file used by the web SAPI and set memory_limit to at least 512M. Also review the upload size and execution-time settings against the size of your product images, import files, and module packages. Check both the web configuration and CLI configuration with phpinfo() or the relevant service diagnostics; changing only the CLI file will not fix a browser installer check.
After editing PHP configuration, restart Apache or PHP-FPM as appropriate. Re-run php -v, inspect the service status, and confirm that the required PDO MySQL extension appears in the module list. The installer will perform its own compatibility check, but finding obvious omissions now saves a failed installation attempt.
3. Create a dedicated PrestaShop database
Use a separate database and database account for each store. Record the database host, name, username, and password securely because the installer requests all four values. On a local database server, the host is commonly localhost; a managed or remote database uses the host supplied by that service and may require firewall allow-listing.
Log in as a database administrator and create a database with a UTF-8-compatible character set and a dedicated account. The exact collation available depends on your MySQL or MariaDB release:
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sudo mysql
CREATE DATABASE prestashop_shop CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
CREATE USER 'prestashop_app'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'a-long-random-password-you-generate';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON prestashop_shop.* TO 'prestashop_app'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;Use a unique, randomly generated password and store it in a password manager. Do not grant the application account global privileges, expose the database port publicly without a specific need, or reuse the VPS administrator’s credentials. If your server rejects the selected collation, choose the equivalent UTF-8 collation supported by that database version rather than weakening access controls.
4. Download and place the PrestaShop release
Obtain the release archive from PrestaShop’s official download channel and verify that it is the version you intend to run. Extract it into the document root, not into a temporary directory that the virtual host does not serve.
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/prestashop
sudo unzip prestashop.zip -d /var/www/prestashopSome archives contain a top-level directory or an additional package file. Inspect the extracted tree and make sure the application’s entry point is directly under the configured document root. If extraction produced /var/www/prestashop/prestashop, either point the virtual host there or move the contents one level up; leaving the root one directory too high commonly causes a directory listing or a 404.
Set ownership to the account used by the web server, commonly www-data on Debian- and Ubuntu-family systems. Apply the least permissive modes that allow the web server to read application files and write only to locations required by installation, cache, uploads, and runtime operations. Never solve a permission error by leaving the entire tree world-writable or by using a permanent chmod 777. The compatibility checker will identify files and folders it cannot access.
5. Configure the virtual host or server block
Apache checklist
- Set
DocumentRootto the actual PrestaShop directory. - Declare the domain names that should answer for the site.
- Enable the rewrite behavior required by the application and permit it in the relevant directory configuration.
- Pass PHP files to the intended PHP version, whether through the Apache PHP integration or PHP-FPM.
- Write separate access and error logs so installer and runtime failures can be diagnosed.
Nginx checklist
- Set the server block’s
rootand index files correctly. - Forward PHP requests to the matching PHP-FPM socket or endpoint.
- Implement the PrestaShop front-controller and rewrite rules supplied for the release.
- Set upload limits high enough for your catalog and module packages, while keeping them appropriate for your threat model.
- Keep access and error logs, and review the PHP-FPM pool’s process and timeout limits.
Reload the web server only after validating its configuration. Test the domain over HTTP before enabling redirects, then configure HTTPS and test the final canonical hostname. A browser that shows the default Apache or Nginx page is reaching the VPS but not the intended virtual host.
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6. Run the browser installer
Open the store domain in a browser. PrestaShop launches its six-step installation assistant when the application files, virtual host, and PHP runtime are reachable.
- Choose language. Select the language for the installation interface.
- Accept the licenses. Read and accept the displayed license terms to continue.
- Run the compatibility check. Resolve every blocking PHP, extension, upload, or filesystem warning before proceeding. PDO MySQL must be available, and the web process must be able to access the required files.
- Enter store information. Supply the store name, country, timezone, and administrator account. Use a unique administrator password and an address you can access for recovery.
- Enter database details. Provide the database server, database name, database user, and password created earlier. Use the installer’s connection test before continuing.
- Finish installation. Let PrestaShop create its tables and configuration, then wait for the completion message rather than interrupting the request.
If the browser cannot connect to the database, verify the host value, account name, password, database privileges, local socket-versus-TCP behavior, and firewall rules. Do not repeatedly create random users; correct the recorded values and test with the least-privileged application account.
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7. Use the CLI workflow for repeatable deployments
PrestaShop also documents a command-line installation path. It is useful when provisioning several environments, working over SSH without a reliable browser session, or storing deployment steps in automation. The CLI route still requires the same supported PHP runtime, extensions, database, permissions, and web-server configuration; it does not bypass compatibility requirements.
Run the CLI installer from the extracted application directory with the PHP binary that your production service uses. Supply the same store and database values requested by the browser assistant, keep secrets out of shell history and public scripts, and capture the command output in a protected deployment log. Use a staging run first so that an incorrect path, PHP binary, or database host is discovered before production.
8. Secure the installation immediately afterward
- Delete the installer directory. Remove
/installas explicitly required by PrestaShop’s installation instructions. Leaving it in place can expose the installer to a later visitor. - Record the administrator path. PrestaShop generates a non-default administrator directory name. Record it in your password manager or deployment documentation; do not assume the URL is simply
/admin. - Review ownership and modes. Keep application code owned and readable by the web-server account while limiting write access to runtime locations. Re-run the compatibility check after tightening permissions.
- Enable HTTPS. Install a valid certificate, redirect the intended hostname, and verify that administrator and customer sessions remain on HTTPS.
- Apply firewall rules. Allow only required public services, normally HTTP/HTTPS, and restrict SSH and database access to trusted sources where practical.
- Back up before launch. Test both database and file restoration, not merely the creation of backup archives.
9. Validate the store before opening it to customers
Maintain a separate test or pre-production copy. Use it to test the selected theme, payment and shipping modules, scheduled jobs, image generation, email delivery, imports, cache behavior, and administrator permissions. A module that works on one PHP line may fail after a PHP change even when the core installation is healthy.
Before launch, create a test order and confirm the full path from product page to payment hand-off, order confirmation, stock adjustment, customer email, and back-office visibility. Check the web-server and PHP-FPM logs while performing the test. Confirm that the database account has only the intended database privileges and that the administrator URL is not published in an internal document that is publicly accessible.
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| Symptom | Likely cause | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Compatibility check rejects PHP | PHP is below 8.1, the web SAPI uses a different version than the CLI, or a required setting is disabled. | Check the version and active php.ini through the web service, install a supported PHP line, restart the service, and run the check again. |
| PDO MySQL is missing | The PHP MySQL extension is not installed for the active PHP version. | Install the matching MySQL/PDO package, restart Apache or PHP-FPM, and verify the module list. |
| Files or folders are not writable | Ownership or mode does not match the web-server account. | Correct ownership and grant narrowly scoped write access to the paths the installer identifies; do not make the whole tree writable. |
| Uploaded archive or image is rejected | PHP upload limits or the web server’s request-size limit is too low. | Raise the relevant limits deliberately, restart the service, and retest with a representative file. |
| Database connection fails | Incorrect host, credentials, privileges, socket selection, or firewall rule. | Compare each installer field with the database account, test locally, and inspect database logs without exposing the database publicly. |
| Homepage works but product URLs return 404 | Apache rewrite support or the Nginx front-controller rule is missing. | Correct the virtual-host/server-block routing, reload the server, clear application cache, and retest. |
| Default server page appears | The request is hitting another virtual host or the document root is wrong. | Check DNS, the requested hostname, enabled site configuration, and the actual extracted directory. |
| Staging works but production fails | Different PHP extensions, virtual-host rules, ownership, database values, or cache state. | Compare environments systematically before changing application code; restore the known-good backup if necessary. |
Updating PHP and PrestaShop safely
Do not change PHP directly on the live store. First copy the site and database to pre-production, back up the live instance, install the proposed PHP version there, and test every theme and module. The PrestaShop help guidance specifically warns that PHP changes can expose incompatibilities. Promote the change only after checkout, back office, cron or scheduled tasks, image processing, and email have passed.
Use the same discipline for PrestaShop updates: read the release requirements, rehearse the update on the test copy, take a restorable backup, schedule maintenance if needed, and record the previous PHP and application versions. Keep logs of configuration changes so a failed deployment can be reversed instead of improvised under pressure.
Final launch checklist
- Linux distribution is maintained and patched.
- Apache 2.4+ or Nginx 1.0+ serves the correct document root.
- PHP 8.1+ is active; PHP 8.5 is used where the selected release supports it.
memory_limitis at least 512M for the web SAPI.- PDO MySQL and all extensions reported by the compatibility check are enabled.
- MySQL 5.7+ or MariaDB 10.2+ is running with a dedicated database and least-privileged account.
- DNS, HTTPS, firewall rules, and renewal processes are tested.
- The
/installdirectory has been deleted and the generated administrator path recorded privately. - Ownership and permissions are restrictive rather than broadly writable.
- A staging copy, tested backup, and restoration procedure exist before customer traffic is enabled.
With those checks complete, a Linux VPS provides a supported foundation for PrestaShop 9. The browser installer is usually the clearest one-off path; the documented CLI workflow is better when the same deployment must be repeated. The reliable result comes from matching the web server, PHP-FPM or Apache integration, database credentials, and filesystem permissions—not from choosing one server brand over another.
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