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For a production Linux VPS, install JasperReports Server from the stand-alone WAR distribution, not the bundled binary installer. The WAR route lets you run a supported JDK and Tomcat under your control, use a local or remote supported database, and manage upgrades, backups, and security deliberately. The binary package is intended for evaluation. The procedure below covers a traditional Tomcat deployment, including the JasperReports Server 10.1.0 path that supports Tomcat 11.0.x with JDK 17 or JDK 21.
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Choose the deployment method before creating the VPS
The deployment package determines which components you own, where the database runs, and how much control you have over upgrades. Decide this before installing Java or Tomcat, because changing the application-server version later can require rebuilding the installation.
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| Method | Best use | What it includes or requires | Operational trade-off |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stand-alone WAR distribution | Production | JasperReports Server web archive and buildomatic scripts; you provide the supported JDK, Tomcat, database, and JDBC driver where required. | More preparation, but administrator-managed versions, network rules, backups, and upgrades. |
| Binary installer | Evaluation and short-lived trials | Bundles Tomcat and PostgreSQL and can include sample data. | Fast to start, but the official documentation does not position it as the production installer. |
| Docker or Kubernetes | Teams already operating containers | Jaspersoft documents container deployment and certified images, including Tomcat images with JDK 17 or JDK 21 and JDK base images used for buildomatic. | You must pin image and release versions, persist repository and database data, keep secrets outside images, and follow the release-specific platform guide. |
Production files for the WAR distribution are obtained through Jaspersoft Technical Support or a sales representative. Use the package that matches the JasperReports Server release you intend to run; do not mix a buildomatic directory from one release with a web archive from another.
Prerequisites and sizing decisions
Use a supported 64-bit Linux operating system
Provision a 64-bit Linux VPS running a distribution supported by your selected JasperReports Server release. Ubuntu, Debian, and CentOS-family systems are common choices, but the exact support matrix is release-specific. Check that matrix before selecting the operating-system image, JDK, Tomcat, and database versions as a group.
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The installation documentation reviewed here does not publish a universal minimum for CPU, memory, or disk. Size the VPS from the workload instead: simultaneous report requests, report complexity, export formats, scheduled jobs, repository growth, temporary export files, log retention, and database activity. Leave headroom for JVM memory, operating-system updates, and backups rather than sizing only for an idle login page.
Plan DNS, ports, and persistent storage
- Reserve a DNS name for the server and issue an HTTPS certificate before exposing user traffic.
- Allow SSH only from the administration networks that need it. Open HTTP only when it is required for certificate issuance or redirect traffic; expose HTTPS for normal use.
- Keep Tomcat, the JasperReports repository, logs, and database backups on persistent storage. Ephemeral disks or container layers are not an adequate backup plan.
- Decide whether the database is on the VPS or on a separate managed or private host. A remote database is supported, but firewall and database access rules must permit the VPS to connect.
Gather credentials and ownership information
Have a privileged operating-system account for installation, a dedicated service account for Tomcat, the database name and credentials, and the location where the JasperReports package will be unpacked. The Tomcat service account must be able to read the application and write the directories used for logs, temporary files, and the generated keystore.
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JasperReports Server requires a supported JDK, not merely an arbitrary Java runtime. Select the JDK after checking the platform matrix for your JasperReports Server release and Tomcat release. JasperReports Server 10.1.0 documentation specifically supports Tomcat 11.0.x with JDK 17 or JDK 21; that path also requires an additional documented JAVA_OPTS setting.
- Install the selected JDK using your distribution’s package manager or the vendor’s supported package.
- Find the actual JDK directory and export it for the shell that will run buildomatic. For example:
export JAVA_HOME=/path/to/supported/jdk export PATH="$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH" java -version echo "$JAVA_HOME" - Confirm that
java -versionreports the JDK you selected, not a second Java installation earlier onPATH. - Configure the same
JAVA_HOMEfor the Tomcat service account or service definition. A value set only in your interactive shell will not automatically be inherited by a system service.
Record the output and the JDK path. When troubleshooting, compare the Java used by the shell, Tomcat, and any service manager; a successful shell check does not prove that Tomcat is using the same JDK.
Install and prepare Apache Tomcat
Install the Tomcat version supported by the chosen JasperReports Server release. For the documented 10.1.0 combination, that is Tomcat 11.0.x with JDK 17 or JDK 21. Do not start the installation scripts against an unsupported or accidentally different Tomcat directory.
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- Download and unpack the supported Tomcat release into a persistent directory such as
/opt/tomcat(use your own path). - Create a non-root service account and make it the owner of the Tomcat installation, JasperReports work directories, and log locations that the service must write.
- Configure the service to use the selected
JAVA_HOME, a controlled JVM heap, and the release-required options. Apply the extraJAVA_OPTSaddition documented for JDK 17 or JDK 21 on JasperReports Server 10.1.0. - Start Tomcat once to verify the service definition, then stop it before running buildomatic. The database should be running while the installer creates and loads the repository schema.
Keep the Tomcat installation path fixed. You will enter that path as appServerDir, and a typo can make buildomatic deploy to an unintended server.
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Prepare the JasperReports database
Choose a supported database engine
JasperReports Server supports databases such as PostgreSQL, MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server, and DB2 when used with a release-supported configuration. Select the engine and version from the release matrix, then create an empty target database and credentials with the permissions required to create and load the JasperReports repository schema.
Use a local database
A local database can run on the VPS or on another host in the same private network. Keep its data on persistent storage, restrict administrative access, and include database backups in your recovery plan. The database must be available before js-install.sh runs.
Use a remote PostgreSQL or other database
A remote database is valid; the application server remains on the Linux VPS while JasperReports Server connects over the network. Permit the VPS address in the database’s host-based access and firewall rules, use encryption where the database service requires it, and verify name resolution and the database port from the VPS. An existing PostgreSQL instance must be running during installation because buildomatic creates and loads the schema at that time.
Do not confuse a successful TCP connection with valid database permissions. Test the exact database name, user, password, and authentication method that you will place in the JasperReports properties file.
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Unpack the WAR distribution and configure buildomatic
- Copy the production WAR package to a working directory with enough space for extraction, temporary files, logs, and generated artifacts.
- Extract the package without changing its directory structure. The resulting directory contains the web archive and a
buildomaticdirectory. - Under
buildomatic/sample_conf/, select the database-specific properties template that matches your engine. Copy it intobuildomaticas the installation’smaster.propertiesfile. A generic shell example is:cp buildomatic/sample_conf/<database-template>.properties buildomatic/master.properties - Edit
master.properties. Set the database host, port where the template exposes one, database name, username, password, and database type. SetappServerType=tomcatand setappServerDirto the absolute path of the intended Tomcat installation. - Install the vendor JDBC driver when the selected database requires one. Oracle, SQL Server, and DB2 deployments commonly require you to supply the appropriate driver; use the driver version supported by the JasperReports Server release and database vendor.
- Protect the properties file because it contains database credentials. Limit its filesystem permissions and remove temporary copies from shared locations.
Before proceeding, read the file back and check each value for accidental whitespace, an incorrect hostname, a wrong database type, or a Tomcat path belonging to another installation. The installer can reach a server and still fail later if the schema credentials or driver are wrong.
Run js-install.sh with Tomcat stopped
Start the database, stop Tomcat, and run buildomatic from the extracted package:
cd /path/to/jasperreports-server/buildomatic
./js-install.shThe normal command installs JasperReports Server, JasperReports Web Studio, sample data, and sample databases. On a production system where those samples are not wanted, use:
cd /path/to/jasperreports-server/buildomatic
./js-install.sh minimalThe minimal form omits sample data and sample databases; it does not mean that the server is missing its core repository schema. Let the script finish and keep its output. Do not run two installations concurrently, and do not restart Tomcat halfway through schema creation or deployment.
Buildomatic writes diagnostic information under buildomatic/logs/. If the command exits with an error, correct the first meaningful failure in that log before rerunning. Repeatedly rerunning after a partial database load can obscure the original cause, so take a database snapshot or follow the release’s cleanup guidance before starting over.
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Apply JVM options, licensing, and generated-key protection
JVM configuration
Set the heap and other JVM options in the service configuration used to start Tomcat, not only in the shell that launched buildomatic. The exact values depend on report concurrency and export workload. For JasperReports Server 10.1.0 on JDK 17 or JDK 21, apply the additional JAVA_OPTS setting specified by the release documentation; omitting it can prevent a valid installation from starting correctly.
License setup
Complete the required license configuration for the edition and package you installed. Treat licensing as a post-install task that must be finished before handing the server to users; a successful schema load alone does not establish that all licensed features are ready.
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Installation automatically generates encryption keys in a Jaspersoft keystore. Restrict the keystore to the Tomcat service account and include it in an encrypted, access-controlled backup. A database backup without the corresponding keystore may not be sufficient to restore encrypted settings or credentials. Store backup copies separately from the VPS and test that the service account can read the restored file.
Configure browser-rendered exports
Install and configure Chrome or Chromium when PDF or other exports depend on browser rendering. The package installation itself does not guarantee that a browser binary is present or usable by the Tomcat account. Verify the executable path, permissions, sandbox requirements, and any operating-system libraries required by the browser. Run an export as the same service account that runs Tomcat so a browser that works in an administrator’s shell does not give a false result.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Start Tomcat and verify the deployment
- Confirm that the database is running and reachable from the VPS.
- Confirm the Tomcat service has the intended
JAVA_HOME, JVM options, keystore permissions, and application directory ownership. - Start Tomcat on Linux:
/path/to/tomcat/bin/startup.sh - Watch the Tomcat console or service log while the JasperReports application deploys.
- Review JasperReports Server application logs for deployment failures, database connection errors, missing JDBC drivers, license problems, or JVM configuration errors.
- Open the server through its DNS name, complete the initial administrative configuration required by your release, and sign in over HTTPS.
- Run a small report and, if enabled, a PDF export. Check that scheduled or repository operations write to persistent locations rather than a temporary filesystem.
Do not declare the installation complete until both the web application and a representative report workflow work. A page that loads can still hide a database, permissions, browser-export, or background-job failure.
Remote-database deployment checklist
When the repository database is outside the VPS, use this order to isolate network problems from JasperReports configuration problems:
- From the VPS, resolve the database hostname and test the database port through the private or approved network path.
- Verify that the database firewall allows the VPS address and that host-based authentication allows the selected user and database.
- Connect with the database’s native client using the same host, port, database, username, and password entered in
master.properties. - Start the database service before invoking buildomatic; schema creation cannot succeed against a stopped instance.
- After installation, restrict database access to the application host and approved administration networks. Do not expose the database port publicly merely to make the installer work.
- Back up the remote database and the Jaspersoft keystore under the same recovery policy, and document the dependency so a VPS restore does not leave the application without its repository.
Docker or Kubernetes on a VPS
A container deployment can be appropriate when your team already operates Docker or Kubernetes. Jaspersoft documents container deployment and lists certified images, including Tomcat images with JDK 17 or JDK 21 and JDK base images used for buildomatic.
- Pin the image tag and JasperReports Server release instead of deploying a floating
latesttag. - Use persistent volumes for repository, database, logs, and any generated configuration that must survive container replacement.
- Inject database passwords, licenses, and keystore material through a secret mechanism; do not bake them into an image or commit them to a manifest.
- Keep the database reachable during initialization and upgrades, and follow the release-specific container guide for supported environment variables and startup ordering.
- Test restore procedures with the pinned image, persistent data, and keystore before treating the container as production-ready.
Do not use a container merely to avoid version planning. The same compatibility, database, JVM, licensing, export, and backup responsibilities still apply.
Troubleshoot the most common installation failures
| Symptom | Checks | Correction |
|---|---|---|
js-install.sh cannot find Java |
Compare java -version, echo "$JAVA_HOME", and the environment of the Tomcat service account. |
Set JAVA_HOME to the supported JDK and ensure the service definition exports it. |
| Deployment targets the wrong server | Inspect appServerType and the absolute appServerDir in master.properties. |
Point appServerDir at the intended Tomcat directory and stop any other Tomcat instance. |
| Database connection or schema-load failure | Check database availability, DNS, firewall rules, credentials, database type, and the first error in buildomatic/logs/. |
Correct network or properties values, start the database, and follow the release cleanup guidance before rerunning. |
| Oracle, SQL Server, or DB2 driver error | Look for a missing or incompatible JDBC-driver message. | Install the vendor driver required by the release in the documented location and restart the installation with the corrected classpath. |
| Tomcat will not start on JDK 17 or JDK 21 | Check the release-specific JVM requirements and the 10.1.0 additional JAVA_OPTS requirement. |
Apply the documented option to the Tomcat service configuration, then restart and inspect the application log. |
| Application starts but encrypted settings fail | Check keystore ownership, permissions, path, and whether it was restored with the database. | Make the keystore readable by the service account and restore it from the protected backup paired with the repository backup. |
| PDF or browser export fails | Verify Chrome or Chromium installation, executable path, operating-system libraries, and service-account permissions. | Install and configure the supported browser and test an export under the Tomcat account. |
| Web page loads but reports fail | Inspect application logs, repository connectivity, JVM memory pressure, and report-specific data-source credentials. | Fix the underlying data source or JVM configuration; a successful web deployment does not validate every report. |
Production hardening after the first successful login
- Terminate HTTPS at a controlled reverse proxy or configure secure HTTPS for Tomcat, and redirect or disable plain HTTP except where it is explicitly needed.
- Run Tomcat as a dedicated non-root account. Keep the extracted package, logs, temporary directories, properties file, and keystore out of publicly served paths.
- Remove sample data and sample databases if you installed the normal (non-minimal) option and have no business need for them.
- Restrict SSH, database, and administration endpoints with firewall rules and private networking.
- Rotate temporary installation credentials, use separate database credentials for administration and application access where supported, and store secrets in an access-controlled mechanism.
- Monitor Tomcat and JasperReports logs, disk usage, JVM health, database health, failed scheduled jobs, and export failures.
- Back up the repository database, keystore, license material, configuration, and any custom reports or data-source definitions. Perform a restoration test on a separate host.
- Record the exact JasperReports Server, Tomcat, JDK, database, JDBC-driver, browser, and operating-system versions so a future upgrade can be reproduced.
A repeatable installation runbook
Use this condensed runbook for a change ticket or handoff:
- Confirm the release/platform matrix and choose the stand-alone WAR distribution for production.
- Provision a persistent 64-bit Linux VPS, DNS, firewall rules, storage, service account, and backup destination.
- Install the supported JDK, set and verify
JAVA_HOME, and document the version. - Install supported Tomcat, configure its service account and JVM options, and record
appServerDir. - Create the local or remote supported database, credentials, firewall rules, and backup job.
- Unpack the WAR package, copy the matching template from
buildomatic/sample_conf/tomaster.properties, and set database and Tomcat properties. - Install any required vendor JDBC driver.
- Start the database, stop Tomcat, and run
./js-install.shor./js-install.sh minimal. - Apply release-specific JVM options, complete licensing, secure the generated keystore, and configure Chrome or Chromium for browser-rendered exports.
- Start Tomcat with
/path/to/tomcat/bin/startup.sh, inspect logs, sign in over HTTPS, and execute a representative report and export. - Apply hardening, monitoring, backup, and restoration testing before inviting ordinary users.
This sequence keeps the responsibilities visible: the WAR installer builds the application and repository, while you remain responsible for supported component versions, service ownership, network access, JVM settings, licensing, generated-key protection, exports, and operational recovery.
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