Use systemctl to inspect service units and control whether they are running or activated by future events; use journalctl to read their logs. These are separate questions: a service can be installed but not loaded, running but not enabled for startup, or enabled but not currently running.
Find service units and unit files
systemd distinguishes units it currently knows about from unit files installed on the system. These commands show the two views:
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systemctl list-units --type=servicelists known or loaded service units.systemctl list-unit-files --type=servicelists installed service unit files, including files that are not currently loaded.
Use the second command when a service does not appear in the first and you want to check whether its unit file is installed. Unit listing behavior is described in the systemctl manual.
Check a service’s status
Run systemctl status NAME.service, replacing NAME with the service’s unit name. For example, use systemctl status ssh.service if that is the unit name on your system. The command is a convenient human-facing status check; exact output and version-specific details can differ, so consult the systemctl documentation for your distribution when interpreting a particular field.
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Start or stop a service now
Use these commands to change a service’s runtime state:
systemctl start NAME.serviceasks systemd to start the service.systemctl stop NAME.serviceasks systemd to stop it.
These commands affect current runtime activity. They do not, by themselves, decide whether the service is set up for future activation.
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Control activation for future triggers
Enabling and disabling a service changes its activation links, not its current running state. Activation points can include system boot or hardware events. The operations are independent of starting and stopping:
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|---|---|---|
systemctl enable NAME.service |
Hooks the unit into its suggested activation points. | Does not start the service now. |
systemctl disable NAME.service |
Removes the unit-file symlinks used for activation. | Does not stop a service that is already running. |
systemctl start NAME.service |
Starts runtime activity now. | Does not enable future activation. |
systemctl stop NAME.service |
Stops runtime activity now. | Does not disable future activation. |
If you want a running service stopped and no longer enabled for its activation points, run both systemctl stop NAME.service and systemctl disable NAME.service. Check each result separately rather than inferring runtime state from whether the unit is enabled. See the systemctl manual for the command behavior.
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Inspect service logs
Filter the system journal by unit name with journalctl -u NAME.service. To keep watching for new entries, use journalctl -f -u NAME.service. The journalctl manual also supports bounding output to a time window with --since and --until, and avoiding the default pager with --no-pager. For example:
journalctl -u NAME.service --since "1 hour ago"shows matching entries in the requested recent time range.journalctl -u NAME.service --since "2026-10-01" --until "2026-10-02" --no-pagerbounds output by the specified dates and prints without the pager.
Journal visibility depends on the caller’s permissions and access to the journal; if entries are missing, access may be a factor. Unit filtering and live following are documented in the systemd 255 journalctl manual.
Reload service configuration versus systemd unit files
systemctl reload NAME.service asks the service itself to reload its configuration. systemctl daemon-reload instead makes systemd reload unit configuration. Use the command that matches what changed: they are not interchangeable. The distinction is documented in the systemctl manual.
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