The Tool Desk
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Why are my Git commits so slow?
Git runs the pre-commit hook before it obtains the proposed commit message and writes the commit. A hook that fails can stop the commit entirely. The hook may launch pre-commit, a wrapper, or project-specific commands, so the delay may come from any of those steps—not Git’s commit operation itself. See the Git githooks documentation.
Find the hook Git actually launches
Git normally looks for hooks in $GIT_DIR/hooks. The core.hooksPath setting can redirect it to another directory. In a non-bare repository, Git runs hooks from the working tree’s root.
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Check whether a custom hook directory is configured:
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git config --show-origin --get core.hooksPathIf the command prints a path, inspect that directory. If it prints nothing, check the repository’s Git directory, usually the
hookssubdirectory under.git. -
Read the installed pre-commit hook script. Follow any wrapper or shell commands it calls until you can identify the actual tools and project scripts being run.
A script named pre-commit is only the entry point; its contents determine what is executed. The Git hooks reference describes hook locations and when the pre-commit hook runs.
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Determine whether the delay is setup or recurring work
On its first run, pre-commit may download and install a hook environment, including a language runtime. Its documentation says those environments are reused on later runs. If the delay happened on the first run after installing or changing hooks, initialization may explain it; if the same hooks have run successfully before and commits remain slow, look for recurring work in their commands.
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To provision missing environments ahead of a commit, run either:
pre-commit install --install-hooksor:
pre-commit install-hooksThe pre-commit documentation does not specify a universal runtime or speed threshold, so compare the behavior of your own hooks rather than treating a particular duration as abnormal. See pre-commit’s installation and usage documentation.
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Isolate the hook that takes time
Run a configured hook by its ID to focus on that check and show output even if it succeeds:
pre-commit run <hook_id> --verboseRepeat for the hook IDs in your configuration, then inspect the slow hook’s executable, arguments, environment, and any project scripts it invokes. This is a way to narrow the culprit, not a benchmark or a guarantee of detailed profiling; profiling further depends on the tool the hook runs.
Check how many files each hook examines
A normal Git-triggered pre-commit run generally checks staged files. By contrast, pre-commit run --all-files intentionally checks the repository’s files, which can mean substantially more work. Confirm that a hook or wrapper is not calling an all-files command when you expect a staged-file check.
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In .pre-commit-config.yaml, inspect each slow hook’s matching rules and execution settings:
filesandexcludedetermine which paths match or are omitted.types,types_or, andexclude_typesrefine matching by file type.always_runcan invoke a hook even when no matching files are staged.
Adjust filters only when they accurately reflect what the check needs to inspect. For example, excluding irrelevant generated files can reduce needless work, but filtering out files that require validation weakens coverage.
The fail_fast option stops later checks after the first failure. It can avoid running later hooks during a failing run, but it does not inherently make a successful run faster. Hooks also support stages; a check that need not run on every commit can be assigned to another supported stage or run manually, if that fits the project’s workflow. See the pre-commit configuration documentation.
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Verify that the pre-commit environment is reusable
By default, pre-commit stores its hook environments in ~/.cache/pre-commit. PRE_COMMIT_HOME overrides that location; otherwise, XDG_CACHE_HOME sets the base directory used for the pre-commit store. Check that the environment in which you commit can access the expected store consistently—for example, if commits run inside a container or another isolated environment.
The documented cache paths are not a reason to delete the cache routinely. Clearing it can require environments to be installed again; consider it only when you have a specific cache problem to resolve. See pre-commit’s cache documentation.
Use a bypass only to test a diagnosis or handle an exception
If you have identified one slow pre-commit hook, skip just that hook for a controlled diagnostic or exceptional commit:
SKIP=<hook_id> git commit -m "message"This helps confirm whether that hook accounts for the pause. Git also supports git commit --no-verify, which bypasses the pre-commit hook more broadly. Both choices temporarily remove local checks; use the result to fix the hook’s scope or workflow rather than leaving the bypass in place. Git documents --no-verify in its pre-commit hook reference, and pre-commit documents selective skipping at pre-commit.com.
Decide whether a check belongs in CI
Local hooks provide feedback before the commit is created and can check staged changes. CI can run checks after a push and may check changed files or a broader scope. The right split depends on how quickly the check needs to inform the developer, how much code it must cover, whether it can modify files, and whether developers need to work offline.
For a changed-file CI run, pre-commit documents:
pre-commit run --from-ref <base> --to-ref <head>It also documents running checks across all files in CI and describes pre-commit.ci, which can autofix pull requests and periodically update hook configuration. These are workflow options, not promises of a particular reduction in local commit time. Keep quick, high-value checks local when immediate feedback matters; consider CI for checks whose cost or scope makes them unsuitable for every commit.
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