To create a table in Google Sheets on a computer, select a range and choose Format > Convert to table. Then assign suitable column types and adjust table-level styling. You can also begin with a template from Insert > Pre-built table.
Turn a range into a table
- Open your spreadsheet and select the cells you want to organize. The selection can contain existing data or be an empty range.
- Choose Format > Convert to table from the menu bar.
- Review the column types and choose the one that fits each column, such as Date for dates or Dropdown for a controlled set of choices.
Google Sheets tables add structure and table-level controls to a range. Google introduced the feature in May 2024, describing automatic formatting, column types and table references as part of the feature. Google’s announcement explains the original release.
Start with a pre-built table
- Choose Insert > Pre-built table.
- Pick a template from the sidebar that suits the job, such as project tracking, event planning or inventory management.
- Replace or adapt the sample content for your spreadsheet.
Choose column types that fit your data
Column types help Sheets format and organize entries. They can also warn when a value does not match the chosen type. Available types include:
- Numeric and date values: Number, Percentage, Currency, Date, Date and time, and Time.
- Controlled inputs: Dropdown and Checkbox.
- Smart chips: People, File, Finance, Place and Rating.
- Text and flexibility: Text or None. Choose None when a column needs to accept mixed data without a fixed type.
Some column types can display placeholder chips; the column menu lets you turn those off. For a full list of documented types and table behavior, see Google’s table help.
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Adjust table appearance and layout
To open table-level controls, use the menu beside the table’s name or choose Format > Table formatting. Depending on the control you need, you can change row height, header or footer styling, header color, default style, gridlines, alternating colors, condensed view and whether the table has a footer.
- Alternating colors can make rows easier to follow across a wide table.
- Gridlines make cell boundaries more visible.
- Condensed view reduces the visual density of the table.
- A footer provides a place for a summary row.
These are presentation choices rather than a universal ranking: select the layout that makes your own data easiest to scan. Google announced the additional table formatting controls on March 19, 2025, noting availability for Google Workspace customers, Workspace Individual subscribers and users with personal Google accounts. The announcement is dated rollout information, not a guarantee that every account or interface will show identical options. Read Google’s formatting announcement.
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Format cells or the whole spreadsheet
For appearance changes to individual cells, use the toolbar to adjust font, text color, fill color, borders, alignment and text wrapping. For number or date display, choose Format > Number. To style the spreadsheet more broadly, use Format > Theme. Google documents these controls in its computer guide to editing and formatting spreadsheets.
Use a table when you want named structure, column types and table-specific controls. Use ordinary cell formatting when you only need direct control over appearance or number formats on a range.
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Use table names and references
Tables can be referenced by table and column names in formulas. For example, =SUM(DeptSales[Sales Amount]) refers to the Sales Amount column in a table named DeptSales. Google says these references update when rows are added or removed, which can make formulas easier to maintain as table data changes.
Table names cannot be TRUE or FALSE, use A1 or R1C1 notation, start with a number, exceed 255 characters or contain special characters other than underscores. Spaces in names become underscores in formulas.
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Remove styling without deleting data
If you want to keep the contents but remove the table style, open the table menu and choose Revert to unformatted data. This is different from Delete table, which is a separate command in the same menu. Check the command name before choosing it so you get the change you intend.
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