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How to Create an SRT File for a Pre-Recorded Live Stream

A SubRip SRT file holds timed captions, not video. Learn the cue format, timestamp rules, UTF-8 saving, platform upload steps, and live-stream caveats.
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To create an SRT subtitle file for a pre-recorded video, transcribe the final version, divide the words into timed cues, save them as UTF-8 plain text with the .srt extension, and upload the file to the destination platform. An SRT file contains captions and timestamps—not video. It can add captions to an uploaded video, but that alone does not guarantee captions will appear when the video is broadcast as a live stream.

What an SRT file contains

Here, “SRT” means a SubRip subtitle file. Each cue consists of a sequential number, a start and end timestamp, the caption text, and a blank line before the next cue. The file is separate from the video.

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It is not the same as Secure Reliable Transport, also abbreviated SRT, which is a protocol for carrying live video. A subtitle file is not an SRT stream URL, stream ID, or passphrase.

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Make the SRT file

  1. Use the final video. Create or check the captions against the exact edit you will upload or stream. If the edit changes, cue timings may no longer match. Vimeo OTT says a subtitle file must be uploaded again if its video is replaced.
  2. Transcribe the audio. Preserve the spoken words and review names, spelling, and punctuation. For captions intended to communicate audio to viewers who cannot hear it, include meaningful sounds where appropriate; YouTube’s manual-caption guidance gives examples such as [applause] and [thunder].
  3. Split the transcript into cues. Give each cue a sequential number, a start and end time, and one or more lines of caption text. Make cues readable on screen. The sources cited here do not establish a universal line-length or cue-duration limit, so treat those choices as editorial judgment rather than a platform rule.
  4. Time each cue against the video. For the SRT format documented by Vimeo, timestamps use hh:mm:ss,mmm: two digits each for hours, minutes, and seconds, then a comma and three millisecond digits. Vimeo OTT specifically says to use the media timecode, not SMPTE timecode.
  5. Save as UTF-8 plain text. Use a plain-text editor and save the file with an .srt extension. Vimeo recommends UTF-8 for reliable display of special characters.
  6. Validate and preview. Check numbering, timestamps, cue text, blank lines, spelling, and synchronization before uploading. Preview the beginning, middle, and end against the video.

Minimal SRT example

1
00:00:02,400 --> 00:00:05,200
Welcome to tonight's program.

2
00:00:05,600 --> 00:00:08,000
We recorded this session earlier today.

This demonstrates the cue layout and timestamp form in Vimeo’s troubleshooting guidance; platform acceptance can still depend on the destination workflow.

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Upload the file to the destination

YouTube

In YouTube Studio, open the video’s Subtitles section, choose the language, select the option to add subtitles, and upload the timed file. YouTube lists SubRip (.srt) as a supported format. Its caption tools also offer transcript auto-sync and manual entry, which are alternatives to uploading a fully timed file. Check that the language and subtitle track are correct, then preview playback. Automatic captions are a separate feature and do not verify that your authored file is accurate.

Vimeo and Vimeo OTT

Vimeo supports SRT and WebVTT for standard video captions and recommends WebVTT for its standard workflow; use UTF-8. Vimeo OTT accepts SRT and VTT, expects media timecode, and requires a replacement subtitle upload if the video is replaced. The controls and available options can vary by Vimeo product and plan, so use the language or subtitle controls for the specific video.

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Adding captions to a pre-recorded live stream

Uploading an SRT file to an on-demand video and sending captions during a live encoder session are different workflows. The platform documentation describes video subtitle uploads and, separately, the SRT live-video transport protocol; it does not establish that an uploaded subtitle file automatically supplies closed captions to every live simulcast of pre-recorded content.

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If you need captions on the live broadcast itself, confirm the exact platform and encoder’s caption-ingest method for that event before relying on the file. Do not treat a SubRip .srt file as a transport-protocol setting.

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Fix common SRT problems

  • The platform rejects the file: Confirm it is plain text with an .srt extension, starts with cue number 1, and has sequential cue numbers, start and end times, caption text, and a blank line after each cue.
  • Timestamps are rejected: Use two digits for hours, minutes, and seconds, a comma before milliseconds, and three digits for milliseconds—for example, 00:00:07,751. Check that the arrow is written as -->.
  • Special characters display incorrectly: Save as UTF-8; Vimeo recommends this encoding for reliable display of special characters.
  • Captions are out of sync: Compare cues with the final media timeline, not an earlier edit. For Vimeo OTT, use media timecode rather than SMPTE timecode. If the video changed, retime the captions and, for Vimeo OTT, upload the subtitle file again.
  • Captions do not appear during the live broadcast: An on-demand subtitle upload does not establish that captions are being sent in the encoder session. Check the platform and encoder’s live caption workflow separately.
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