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1Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteUse BGSAVE for a point-in-time Redis backup without stopping clients, then copy the completed RDB file from the directory configured by dir and dbfilename. If your installation uses AOF, back up the complete multipart AOF set—base file, every incremental file, and its manifest—rather than one file. During a restore, stop Redis, replace the persistence files with a verified backup, start the service, and validate both connectivity and application data.
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The exact service unit, data directory, permissions, authentication settings, and persistence mode vary with the Ubuntu release and installation method. Check the active configuration before copying or replacing anything; do not assume that /var/lib/redis is correct.
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What Redis is backing up
Redis can persist data with Redis Database (RDB) snapshots, an Append-Only File (AOF), or both. Each mode produces a different recovery artifact.
RDB snapshots
RDB is a compact, single-file, point-in-time representation of the dataset. Redis documentation describes RDB files as “perfect for backups.” A snapshot captures the keys and values as they existed when the snapshot was made; writes that arrive afterward are not in that file. This makes RDB straightforward to archive and generally quick to restore.
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AOF logging
AOF records write operations so Redis can replay them during startup. It can therefore preserve changes made after an older RDB snapshot, but the backup is more operationally demanding. Redis 7.0.0 and later use a multipart AOF layout: one base file, one or more incremental files, and a manifest that identifies the set. A backup is incomplete if any of those parts is missing.
Using both modes
Many production installations enable both. RDB supplies compact periodic recovery points, while AOF can provide finer-grained recovery between snapshots. The correct backup procedure depends on which files the running server actually uses, so inspect the live configuration rather than relying on package defaults.
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Inspect the Ubuntu service and active configuration
Perform these checks before a backup and again before a restore. The package-installed service is commonly called redis-server, but some installations use a unit named redis.
- Check the service state:
sudo systemctl status redis-serverIf that unit does not exist, try:
sudo systemctl status redis - Check the Redis protocol connection:
redis-cli pingA healthy unauthenticated connection returns
PONG. If authentication or TLS is enabled, use the connection options required by your deployment. - Open the configuration used by the running service and record the values of
dir,dbfilename,appendonly, and, on Redis 7 or later,appenddirname. You can also query settings from an administrative connection:redis-cli CONFIG GET dir dbfilename appendonly appenddirnameAccess to
CONFIGmay be restricted; in that case, inspect the service’s configuredredis.conf. - Record the Redis version and the service account that owns the data directory. The account must be able to read restored files when the service starts.
The conventional RDB filename is dump.rdb, but dbfilename can be changed. Likewise, an AOF directory name is configurable. Use the values from the active instance.
Back up Redis with an online RDB snapshot
BGSAVE is the normal online RDB command. Redis forks a child process to write the snapshot while the parent continues serving clients; the command normally returns immediately.
1. Start the snapshot
redis-cli BGSAVEThe response indicates that the background save was scheduled or is already in progress. Do not use SAVE as a routine production backup command: it is synchronous and can block all other clients while the file is written. Redis’s command reference describes SAVE as something you almost never want to call in production.
2. Wait for completion
Check the persistence status instead of copying as soon as BGSAVE returns:
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redis-cli INFO persistenceWait until rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0 and confirm that the latest background save completed successfully, using the reported status fields. LASTSAVE returns the Unix timestamp of the last completed save:
redis-cli LASTSAVECompare that timestamp with the time at which you started the operation. If another background save is still running, wait; copying an unfinished file can produce an unusable backup.
3. Locate the completed file
Combine the configured dir and dbfilename. For example, if the live configuration reports dir /srv/redis-data and dbfilename dump.rdb, the artifact is /srv/redis-data/dump.rdb. Do not substitute a guessed path.
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4. Copy and retain generations
Once the save is complete, copy the RDB file to storage independent of the Redis host. Keep dated generations so that a corrupt or accidentally deleted newest copy does not eliminate every recovery point. Redis writes a new snapshot to a temporary file and atomically renames it into place; that is why a completed RDB file can be copied safely, while a file being written must not be copied.
Preserve the file’s contents exactly and ensure your backup operator can read it. If you use a mounted backup volume or remote transfer, verify that the copy finished before deleting or rotating the source generation.
Back up a multipart AOF on Redis 7 and later
For AOF persistence on Redis 7.0.0 and later, treat the AOF directory as one inseparable backup unit. It contains a base AOF, incremental AOF files, and a manifest. Copying only the largest-looking file, or omitting the manifest, does not create a restorable backup.
1. Prevent a rewrite during the copy
An AOF rewrite can change the set of files while you are copying it. Temporarily disable automatic rewrites by setting auto-aof-rewrite-percentage to 0:
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redis-cli CONFIG GET auto-aof-rewrite-percentage
redis-cli CONFIG SET auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 0Save the original percentage from the first command. The change affects the running instance; if your configuration management also writes redis.conf, make the corresponding temporary change there or ensure it will not overwrite your setting during the copy.
2. Confirm that no rewrite is active
redis-cli INFO persistenceProceed only when aof_rewrite_in_progress:0. If a rewrite is in progress, wait for it to finish and check again. Disabling the percentage does not cancel a rewrite already under way.
3. Copy the complete AOF directory
Read appenddirname from the active configuration, then copy that entire directory—including the manifest, base file, and every incremental file—to independent backup storage. Keep the directory structure and filenames unchanged. Do not copy selected files individually and do not mix files from different backup times.
4. Restore the rewrite policy
Reapply the original value after the copy:
redis-cli CONFIG SET auto-aof-rewrite-percentage <original-value>Replace <original-value> with the value recorded before the backup. If you changed a persistent configuration file, restore that file as well and restart only during a maintenance window.
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Why the manifest matters
The manifest tells Redis which base and incremental files form one logical AOF. A directory missing one member can fail to load or silently represent an incomplete history. Always archive the whole directory from one consistent point in time.
Redis 8.10.0 and sealed backups
Redis Open Source 8.10.0 adds the BACKUP START and BACKUP SEAL command family. These commands provide a Redis-managed way to create a sealed backup suitable for later preload. Use the command syntax documented by the exact 8.10.x build you run, and wait for the seal operation to finish before transferring the resulting files.
A sealed multipart AOF backup still consists of its complete base, incremental files, and manifest. The advantage is that Redis defines a sealed point for the backup rather than leaving you to copy while an AOF rewrite is changing the directory. Older Redis versions do not have this command family; use the standard RDB or multipart-AOF procedures above.
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Restore an RDB backup on Ubuntu
Restoration replaces the persistence artifact that Redis will read at startup. Work from a verified backup and preserve the current files until validation is complete.
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sudo systemctl stop redis-serverUse
redisinstead if that is the installed unit. - Make a safety copy of the current data directory or move the current persistence files aside. This gives you a rollback path if the selected backup is wrong or damaged.
- Place the selected RDB file at the configured
dirand with the configureddbfilename. For a default filename this is usuallydump.rdb, but use the live configuration’s value. Set ownership and permissions so the Redis service account can read the file. - Start the service:
sudo systemctl start redis-server - Check the connection:
redis-cli pingA successful startup returns
PONG. Then compare the restored key count and representative application-level records with the pre-incident record. A server that answersPONGcan still contain the wrong snapshot, so validate data as well as process health.
Redis loads the RDB file during startup. If the file is incompatible, truncated, unreadable, or placed under the wrong configured name, inspect the service journal and correct the path, ownership, or selected generation before trying again.
Restore a multipart AOF backup
Stop Redis before replacing AOF files. Restore the entire directory from one backup generation: manifest, base file, and all referenced incremental files. Do not combine a manifest from one backup with data files from another.
- Stop the service with
sudo systemctl stop redis-server(or the actual unit name). - Preserve the current AOF directory, then copy the backed-up
appenddirnamedirectory into the path named by the active configuration. - Check ownership and permissions for the Redis service account.
- Start Redis and inspect the service log for AOF loading errors.
- Run
redis-cli ping, then check key counts and application invariants against your incident record.
If Redis reports a missing manifest member or an incomplete AOF, stop it again and restore a complete, matching directory. Do not delete the only copy of the failed set while diagnosing it.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Use preload-file for sealed backups
Redis 8.10.0 and later can preload a specified sealed artifact at startup. The option is startup-only; it is not a runtime CONFIG SET replacement.
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Start Redis with:
preload-file aof:/path/to/appendonly.aof.manifestThe manifest path must refer to the sealed backup, and the associated base and incremental files must remain where the manifest expects them. Configure this argument in the service’s startup definition or launch Redis with the corresponding command-line option, following your Ubuntu package’s systemd layout.
Single RDB preload
For one RDB artifact, use:
preload-file rdb:/path/to/backup.rdbAfter startup, verify that the loaded dataset is the intended one. Remove the preload setting or point it back to the normal persistence location once the recovery procedure is complete, so a later restart does not unexpectedly load an old emergency copy.
RDB or AOF: which backup approach fits?
| Criterion | RDB | AOF |
|---|---|---|
| Recovery point | Point-in-time at each completed snapshot; writes after that snapshot are absent. | Records subsequent write operations and can provide finer recovery points, subject to the configured persistence behavior. |
| Backup shape | One compact file, normally named by dbfilename. |
On Redis 7.0.0 and later, a base file, incremental files, and a manifest in one directory. |
| Copy operation | Copy after BGSAVE completes; Redis’s atomic rename protects the completed file. |
Prevent rewrites, confirm aof_rewrite_in_progress:0, and copy the complete directory consistently. |
| Restore complexity | Place the file in the configured directory, then start Redis. | Restore every manifest-referenced member with matching names and locations. |
| Archive and transfer | Usually smaller and simpler to retain as dated generations. | Potentially larger and operationally more complex because all multipart members are required. |
| Version note | Supported as the standard snapshot format across the documented procedures. | Multipart layout is the standard from Redis 7.0.0; sealed-backup commands require Redis Open Source 8.10.0 or later. |
Choose RDB when compact, simple point-in-time archives and straightforward restores are the priority. Choose AOF when replaying more recent writes is worth the additional handling, and document the complete multipart procedure for everyone who may perform a recovery.
Can you back up Redis without stopping writes?
Yes. BGSAVE is designed for online RDB backups: the parent Redis process continues serving clients while the child writes the snapshot. You still need to wait for completion before copying the file.
A multipart AOF copy also can be performed while Redis serves traffic, but only with consistency controls. Disable automatic AOF rewrites temporarily, verify that no rewrite is in progress, copy the complete directory, and restore the previous rewrite setting. A copy made while the file set is changing can be invalid even if every individual file transfer reports success.
Online backup does not make the storage destination immune to failure. Transfer to independent storage, retain more than one dated generation, and test that the service account can read the archived files.
Common failure modes and fixes
The expected file is not in /var/lib/redis
Ubuntu package defaults are not universal. Read dir, dbfilename, and appenddirname from the active configuration and use those values.
BGSAVE returns an error
Check INFO persistence for an existing background save, disk or permission errors, and the service log. Resolve the underlying condition, then issue a new BGSAVE and wait for a successful completion status.
Redis starts but the data is old
The selected RDB may predate the incident, or Redis may be loading a different configured directory or filename. Confirm the timestamp from LASTSAVE, inspect the startup configuration, and compare the restored key count with the backup inventory.
AOF loading reports missing files
Restore the manifest, base file, and every incremental file from exactly one backup generation. Never reconstruct a multipart set by guessing which files are newest.
The service cannot read restored files
Correct ownership, group, and filesystem permissions for the Redis service account. Also check that the parent directories permit traversal and that the restored path matches the systemd service’s configured working and data directories.
redis-cli ping fails after restart
Inspect the service status and journal first. Authentication, TLS, a non-default port, or a different bind address can make a plain local command fail even when Redis is running. Use the same connection parameters your application uses, then validate the dataset.
Quick Recap
Operational checklist
- Record the Redis version, service unit, persistence mode,
dir,dbfilename, and AOF directory. - For RDB, run
BGSAVE, wait for completion, and copy only the completed file. - For Redis 7+ AOF, preserve the entire multipart directory and manifest from one consistent point.
- Keep backup copies on storage independent of the Redis host and retain dated generations.
- Before a restore, stop Redis and preserve the current persistence files for rollback.
- After starting, test
PONG, key counts, and representative application records. - Document authentication, TLS, permissions, and any non-default paths so another administrator can repeat the procedure.
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