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How Native Federation Turns federation.config into remoteEntry.json

Native Federation reads a remote’s configuration through a Core builder and bundler adapter, emits remoteEntry.json and importmap.json, and lets a host resolve exposed modules at runtime.
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In Native Federation, the path from federation.config.js to remoteEntry.json runs through a Core federation builder and a bundler adapter: describe the remote and its dependencies, run the application bundler with federation externals preserved, then build the federation artifacts. At runtime, the host reads the JSON entry to resolve and load exposed modules. The current Core README identifies v4, while the detailed lifecycle and artifact descriptions cited here are in the Core v3 documentation; verify version-sensitive options against your installed packages.

What the configuration describes

A remote’s federation.config.js identifies the remote and the modules it makes available. The central fields are a name, an exposes map from public keys such as ./component to source files, and shared dependency settings. The Native Federation configuration reference also documents internal shared mappings, packages to skip, extra externals, and feature options.

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Sharing syntax and defaults can depend on the Core and framework adapter versions. The v3 reference uses share or shareAll for sharing; check the configuration reference for the versions in your project before copying an example or assuming a default.

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How the build is ordered

The Core is designed to work with different frameworks and bundlers. A bundler-specific adapter connects it to the application build. In the current Core repository README, the esbuild example initializes a federation builder with workspace options including workspaceRoot, outputPath, tsConfig, and federationConfig. It then uses the builder’s externals when running the application bundler and calls the federation build afterward.

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  1. Initialize the builder. Pass the workspace and configuration options required by the adapter, including the path to federation.config.js.
  2. Run the application bundler. Keep federationBuilder.externals external, rather than allowing the application bundle to inline packages that federation should resolve through its import map.
  3. Build federation artifacts. Call federationBuilder.build() after the application bundler finishes.

This order is part of the integration contract: initializing alone does not produce the federation metadata, and running the federation build before the application bundler would not follow the documented sequence.

What the federation build emits

The Core v3 build-process documentation describes three phases:

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  1. Bundle exposed modules and shared mappings.
  2. Bundle shared packages, with browser or Node and default or separate groupings described by that version’s implementation.
  3. Write federation metadata to remoteEntry.json and a companion importmap.json.

The same v3 page says production output filenames may be hashed, while development filenames are stable. These are implementation details documented for Core v3, not guarantees for every adapter or later release.

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Shared-package caching in the documented v3 process

The v3 build-process page describes a cache at node_modules/.cache/native-federation/<project>/. Its metadata includes a checksum over shared keys and versions plus the development flag. When a group is unchanged, it may be reused; changes invalidate and rebuild the affected group. The page also describes watch-mode integrations skipping shared-package bundling on later rebuilds when shared packages have not changed. Treat this as a documented optimization, not behavior guaranteed across all versions and adapters.

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What is inside remoteEntry.json

The Core v3 artifact reference documents a JSON object with name, exposes, and shared. Development builds can also include buildNotificationsEndpoint when notifications are enabled.

  • name: the remote’s identity.
  • exposes: public module keys and the emitted file for each exposed module.
  • shared: shared package details, which can include package name, emitted file, required and concrete versions, singleton behavior, and strict-version behavior.

Asset filenames in the entry are relative to the entry’s directory. The host or runtime can therefore fetch remoteEntry.json and resolve an emitted filename against the directory containing that entry, rather than needing a separately hard-coded asset base for every file.

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Why importmap.json is also present

importmap.json is a flat package-name-to-output-file mapping derived from the shared list. The v3 artifact reference says the Native Federation runtime builds its import map from remoteEntry.json; the separate file is available to tooling or host integrations that need the simpler mapping.

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How a host uses the entry at runtime

A host is the application that loads remotes. A deployment manifest can map remote names to their remoteEntry.json URLs, keeping environment-specific locations outside the application’s source code. The terminology reference describes this host-and-manifest model.

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The Core v3 getting-started guide demonstrates passing a manifest of remote names and entry URLs to initFederation, then loading an exposed module with loadRemoteModule. For example, a manifest entry associates a remote name with the URL of its JSON entry; after initialization, the host can request an exposed key such as ./component.

The guide also calls out es-module-shims and recommends a bootstrap split: code that touches shared dependencies should not execute until the promise returned by initFederation resolves. Otherwise, application code may run before federation has established the resolutions it needs.

Native Federation JSON entry is not Webpack’s JS container

Do not treat Native Federation’s remoteEntry.json as a renamed version of Webpack Module Federation’s entry. The Webpack ModuleFederationPlugin documentation describes a different integration whose conventional container entry is remoteEntry.js. Native Federation’s documented flow uses JSON metadata, a bundler adapter, and runtime import-map resolution. The filename similarity is not evidence that the build steps or runtime contracts are interchangeable.

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Version checks before adapting an example

The current Core repository README identifies the project as v4 and demonstrates the configuration-to-builder-to-entry sequence. The detailed build-process, artifact, configuration, and getting-started pages linked above are under the v3 documentation path. Before applying their exact option names, defaults, output details, or caching behavior, compare them with the Core and adapter versions installed in your project.

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