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A stream stopping on an AWS Mumbai EC2 instance does not, by itself, prove that Mumbai or AWS is at fault. Find the cause by matching four timestamped evidence sources: FFmpeg’s stderr, YouTube Live Control Room’s stream health and errors, encoder and source health, and EC2 network observations. Check the stream URL, key, protocol, and encoding settings before changing bitrate or resizing the instance.
Capture evidence before changing settings
Record the exact time the stream stopped, then preserve the surrounding logs and measurements. Changing several settings before collecting evidence can make the cause harder to identify.
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- Save the complete FFmpeg command, but redact the stream key before sharing it. Record the installed FFmpeg version and build configuration.
- Keep the full timestamped FFmpeg stderr output from startup through failure. Include the final messages, not just the last line.
- Record CPU utilization and whether the local input, source file, or archive stayed healthy. YouTube recommends checking encoder errors, CPU load, and local archive quality when troubleshooting encoder problems (YouTube Help: Troubleshoot your YouTube live stream).
- Note the YouTube stream-health status and error messages at the same time, plus EC2 network observations for the failure interval.
Never publish a stream key. If it has been exposed, replace it in YouTube Live Control Room and update the encoder configuration.
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Open YouTube Live Control Room for the intended event and compare its stream-health indicator and timestamped errors with the moment FFmpeg stopped. Confirm that the encoder is using the current stream URL and key for that event, and that its configured protocol matches the endpoint.
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For RTMPS timeouts or SSL errors
Copy the RTMPS URL from Live Control Room rather than assuming it is interchangeable with the ordinary RTMP URL. For connection timeouts or SSL errors, verify the RTMPS protocol and host; YouTube’s RTMPS guidance also describes using port 443 (YouTube Help: Encrypt your stream using RTMPS). Compare the error time with YouTube’s live streaming error guidance (YouTube Help: Live streaming error messages).
Separate ingestion trouble from local encoder trouble
If FFmpeg continues producing healthy output and the source remains good while YouTube reports an unhealthy stream, investigate outbound connectivity and ingestion configuration. If FFmpeg reports encoder errors, CPU is saturated, or the local output/archive is defective, investigate the source and encoding first. YouTube’s troubleshooting guidance distinguishes encoder problems from network problems; neither pattern alone identifies the cause of this unspecified failure (YouTube Help: Troubleshoot your YouTube live stream).
Check bitrate against real outbound capacity
YouTube recommends leaving 20% headroom between total stream bitrate and available upload bandwidth. Measure outbound performance from the actual streaming environment; a download-speed result or an instance’s advertised peak network rate is not proof that the stream has enough steady upload capacity. See YouTube’s streaming tips.
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Compare the stream’s total bitrate with YouTube’s current recommendations for the chosen codec, resolution, and frame rate. Its encoder settings guidance lists RTMP/RTMPS, H.264, H.265 and AV1 video options, AAC or MP3 audio, CBR bitrate encoding, and a recommended two-second keyframe interval that should not exceed four seconds. Verify both the applicable bitrate range and what the installed FFmpeg build supports before changing the command (YouTube Help: Choose live encoder settings, bitrates, and resolutions).
Do not lower bitrate merely because the stream stopped: first check whether YouTube reported inadequate bandwidth or AWS metrics show outbound pressure. If bitrate does need adjustment, use a value appropriate to the selected resolution, frame rate, and codec, while preserving the recommended bandwidth headroom.
Check EC2 network performance and CloudWatch
Identify the exact EC2 instance type, then compare its published network performance and baseline or burst behavior with the stream’s bitrate and other concurrent traffic. AWS says network bandwidth depends on factors including instance type, vCPU count, traffic destination, and network allowances. “Mumbai” identifies the region, not the instance’s network limit, and it does not establish that the region caused the stop (AWS: Amazon EC2 instance network bandwidth).
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Review outgoing traffic around the failure
In CloudWatch, inspect NetworkOut and NetworkPacketsOut for the instance around the stop time. These metrics show outgoing byte and packet volume. A normal-looking graph at the displayed time resolution does not rule out brief saturation: AWS notes that instance metrics can be too coarse to reveal network microbursts (AWS: CloudWatch metrics that are available for your instances; AWS: Amazon EC2 instance network bandwidth).
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Where the instance and network interface support ENA metrics, check counters such as bw_out_allowance_exceeded, pps_allowance_exceeded, and conntrack_allowance_exceeded. On Linux, AWS documents collecting ENA network metrics with the CloudWatch Agent’s ethtool plugin. Confirm that the plugin and required metrics are configured and collection is working before treating a missing or empty metric series as evidence of zero pressure (AWS CloudWatch: Collect network performance metrics).
Choose a fix that matches the evidence
- YouTube reports a connection timeout or SSL problem: verify the event’s current endpoint, RTMPS protocol and host, and the port described in YouTube’s RTMPS instructions.
- YouTube reports inadequate bandwidth, or configured AWS allowance metrics show outbound pressure: compare stream demand and competing traffic with the instance type’s documented performance. Reduce bitrate or other outbound traffic only as needed, then retest with the applicable YouTube settings and bandwidth headroom (YouTube streaming tips; YouTube encoder settings; AWS instance network bandwidth).
- FFmpeg reports encoder errors, CPU is saturated, or local output is bad: investigate the input, source/archive, encoder configuration, and supported codecs before treating AWS bandwidth as the cause (YouTube live stream troubleshooting).
- The evidence does not isolate a cause: run a controlled test and correlate YouTube health, FFmpeg stderr, local CPU/output, and AWS network data by timestamp. Change one relevant setting at a time rather than resizing the instance or changing multiple variables on speculation.
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