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Outbyte PC Repair FREERepair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsFix Now →Outbyte Driver Updater FREEScan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →A request to create a child under a parent must be authorized for that specific parent—not merely accepted because the caller can reach the endpoint or knows its identifier. The server should verify both that the caller may invoke the creation operation and that the caller may create a child under the requested parent.
Why a nested route is not an authorization check
A route such as /parents/{parent_id}/children tells the API where the client wants the new child attached. It does not prove the caller is allowed to act on that parent. An identifier supplied by a client is input, not evidence of permission.
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OWASP’s API1:2023 guidance says: “Every API endpoint that receives an ID of an object, and performs any action on the object, should implement object-level authorization checks.” That applies to creation too: the requested action is creating a child in the context of an identified parent, even if the request body contains the child’s fields rather than changes to the parent itself. OWASP API1:2023: Broken Object Level Authorization
Nested routes can make this easy to miss. An application may check access to an outer resource but overlook the nested resource or relationship. OWASP’s REST assessment guidance specifically calls out authorization testing for nested routes. OWASP REST Assessment Cheat Sheet
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Check function access and parent access separately
Two different authorization questions apply to a child-creation request. Passing one does not imply passing the other.
| Check | Question | Example failure |
|---|---|---|
| Function-level access | May this caller invoke the child-creation operation at all? | A read-only user reaches a creation endpoint they are not permitted to use. |
| Object-level access | May this caller create a child under this particular parent? | A user who can create children under their own parent substitutes another tenant’s parent ID. |
OWASP treats unauthorized access to functionality as Broken Function Level Authorization (API5:2023), a separate concern from authorization checks on identified objects (API1:2023). Role hierarchies and users with multiple roles can complicate function-level decisions, so evaluate them against the application’s actual policy. OWASP API5:2023: Broken Function Level Authorization
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Where to enforce the rule
Make the decisive authorization decision in a trusted server-side layer, using the authenticated subject, the resolved parent, the requested action, and the application’s policy. A client-side check can improve the interface, but it must not grant or deny access: users can bypass interface controls and send requests directly. OWASP states, “Developers must never rely on client-side access control checks.” OWASP Authorization Cheat Sheet
A practical server-side sequence is:
- Establish the authenticated subject from the server-validated session or credentials.
- Resolve the requested parent from a trusted data source using the supplied identifier.
- Evaluate whether that subject may perform the create action under that parent according to the application’s policy.
- If authorized, create the child with its parent relationship derived from that resolved and authorized parent.
Do not treat a hidden form control, an unguessable identifier, or a comparison between the logged-in user ID and the supplied parent ID as a complete policy. The relevant rule may depend on tenant membership, delegated access, role, ownership, or other application-specific relationships. OWASP’s ASVS authorization requirements provide a broader framework for server-side authorization controls. OWASP ASVS 5.0: V8 Authorization
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How to test child creation across accounts or tenants
Use two accounts or tenants with comparable parent resources. The central test is whether a caller who can use the endpoint but lacks access to the target parent can substitute that parent’s identifier and create a child anyway.
- Create or identify a parent under account A and a comparable parent under account B.
- Authenticate as account B and submit a valid child-creation request for B’s parent.
- Keep the request otherwise valid, replace B’s parent identifier with A’s identifier, and submit it again.
- Verify that the cross-account attempt is denied and that no child was created or attached under A’s parent.
- Repeat for relevant roles, tenants, request methods, and alternate endpoints that can create the same parent-child relationship.
OWASP’s REST assessment guidance recommends cross-session identifier swapping and testing nested routes; its Web Security Testing Guide describes creating an object for one account and attempting access from another. OWASP WSTG: API Broken Object Level Authorization
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- Include a caller allowed to invoke creation but not authorized for the target parent; this isolates object-level authorization from function-level access.
- Test creation and write paths as well as reads wherever the API exposes them. A passing read check does not demonstrate that a create operation is protected.
- Check both the response and persisted state. An ambiguous response does not establish that the server avoided creating or attaching an unauthorized child.
- Use the API’s documented contract to interpret the expected response. The appropriate HTTP status and error body depend on that contract.
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