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AV, IT and ICT Explained: Definitions and Key Differences

AV communicates audio and video; IT handles information systems; ICT is a broader communications umbrella. See where the terms overlap and differ.
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Audiovisual (AV) technology is the equipment and integrated systems used to communicate audio, video, or both. Information technology (IT) concerns systems used to store, retrieve, process, and send information, especially computers and telecommunications. AV/IT describes the overlap where AV systems use IT networks or infrastructure; ICT is a broader umbrella for communications technologies and services.

What does audiovisual technology mean?

AV technology is more than an individual screen, speaker, or camera. It describes equipment configured to work together to communicate audio and/or video content. AVIXA’s 2021 AV/IT Infrastructure Guidelines for Higher Education defines an audiovisual system as a set of components designed and configured to operate as one comprehensive system. That is an industry guide definition, not a universal statutory definition. Read the AVIXA guideline.

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A meeting room, for example, may combine microphones, displays, speakers, control equipment, and connections into one system. The room’s physical pathways and supports are part of its AV infrastructure, while the equipment installed in the room makes up the system.

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What does information technology mean?

IT refers to the study or use of systems—especially computers and telecommunications—for storing, retrieving, and sending information. In everyday use, it covers the technologies and systems that handle organizational information, rather than specifically the equipment used to present sound or video.

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Some laws define IT equipment for a narrower regulatory purpose. For example, EU Regulation 2023/826 defines equipment within its scope by functions that include data or telecommunication entry, storage, display, retrieval, transmission, processing, switching, or control. That functional definition applies to the regulation; it is not a general definition of IT as a field. Read EU Regulation 2023/826.

AV vs. IT vs. ICT

Term Primary purpose Typical scope How to understand it
AV Communicate audio and/or video Integrated equipment and systems, such as room audio, displays, and control components A field and the systems it provides
IT Store, retrieve, process, and send information Especially computers and telecommunications systems A field and the systems used to handle information
ICT Enable communication through information and communications technologies Communications devices, applications, and services involving radio, television, cellular technology, computing, networking, and satellites; examples include videoconferencing and distance learning A wider, overlapping umbrella—not a synonym for AV or IT

These terms describe related but different scopes. AV emphasizes audio and video communication; IT emphasizes information systems; ICT includes a broader range of communication technologies and services. The definitions of AV, IT, and ICT above follow AVIXA’s higher-education guideline.

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What does AV/IT integration look like?

AV and IT often meet when an AV system uses a network to carry or manage media. For instance, Audio Video Bridging (AVB) operates across standard Ethernet, but it requires AVB-enabled switches and network components that support quality-of-service prioritization. A network being Ethernet-based does not, by itself, establish that it is compatible with every AV protocol. See AVIXA’s glossary.

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The integration can include the physical building as well as connected devices. AVIXA defines audiovisual infrastructure as the building components that provide pathways, supports, and architectural elements for technical AV installations. An audiovisual rack is a housing unit for electronic equipment. These are supporting infrastructure and equipment housing—not, on their own, a complete AV system.

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How standards relate to AV and IT

AVIXA describes its standards as industry-recognized best practices. Its catalog includes standards for project documentation, system performance verification, energy management, cable labeling, and rack design. Examples listed include ANSI/AVIXA D401.01:2023 for documentation requirements, ANSI/AVIXA D402.02:2013 (R2024) for performance verification, and F502.02:2020 (R2023) for rack design. Catalog listings and access terms can change, so check the current catalog for details. Browse AVIXA standards and view published standards.

Standards address particular design, documentation, or performance questions; they do not change the basic distinction between AV and IT. A separate example is ISO/IEC TS 20071-21:2015, which concerns audio description of audiovisual content. ISO reports that the edition was reviewed and confirmed in 2024 and remains current. It is an accessibility-related specification, not a general AV/IT definition. See the ISO specification.

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