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World desk5 min

Wowza Stream Sources: What They Are and How to Use Them

A Wowza stream source is an incoming feed identified by its URI. Learn how .stream files, MediaCaster types, on-demand pulls, and SRT setup fit together.
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In Wowza Streaming Engine, a stream source is an incoming live feed identified by its URI. A .stream file gives that address a name; MediaCaster uses the file to pull the feed into a live application so viewers can play it. The essential setup is to create a live application, add the source URI as a stream file, choose a MediaCaster type that matches the source, and request the stream from a player.

What a Wowza stream source and a .stream file do

The source is the feed itself—for example, output from an IP camera, encoder, audio stream, or another Wowza Streaming Engine instance. Its URI tells Wowza where to find it.

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A .stream file is a named alias for that URI, not a video file and not the live feed. Players can use the alias in playback URLs instead of a long or complex source address. MediaCaster reads the file and connects to the source using the selected source type.

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Choose the MediaCaster type that matches the input

Select by protocol and source-side mode, not just by the content being carried. In particular, MPEG-TS over TCP/IP has a distinct MediaCaster selection from the guide’s general RTP grouping for MPEG-TS encoder sources.

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Incoming source MediaCaster type What to check
RTSP/RTP IP camera, native RTP encoder, or MPEG-TS encoder grouped under RTP rtp Confirm the device’s actual output mode and URI.
SHOUTcast or Icecast shoutcast Use for the documented audio-stream source family.
RTMP or WOWZ pulled from another Wowza Streaming Engine instance liverepeater This is the documented pull type for these sources; rtp is not interchangeable.
Apple HLS live source applehls Check support in the installed Engine release.
MPEG-TS over TCP/IP mpegtstcp Use when the transport is MPEG-TS over TCP/IP, rather than choosing by content format alone.
SRT srt Check the Engine release and the source’s SRT mode and reachability.

Wowza’s stream-file guide, updated September 22, 2026, lists historical minimum versions of Streaming Engine 4.5.0.01 or later for applehls, 4.5.0.02 or later for mpegtstcp, and 4.7.2 or later on Linux and 4.7.3 or later on Windows for srt. These are historical minimums, not a substitute for checking the current release documentation and your source requirements.

Add a source to a live application

  1. Create or select a live application. In Wowza Streaming Engine Manager, open the live application that should host the incoming source, or create one first.
  2. Add a stream file. Open Stream Files and create a file with a clear name and the source URI. Wowza’s guide says the Stream URI should use the IP address of the server hosting the stream; use the address and path appropriate to the actual source.
  3. Set per-stream values only if needed. If this source requires settings different from the application defaults, add per-stream settings supported for its stream type. They override application-level configuration only for the relevant types. Consult Wowza’s per-stream settings reference for the supported properties and protocol scope.
  4. Connect the stream file. Select the live application and the MediaCaster type corresponding to the source protocol and mode.
  5. Request playback. In the documented on-demand workflow, a player request makes the source available. Use the stream file’s alias in the applicable playback URL for your application and player.

The exact source URI, credentials, playback URL, and firewall rules depend on the upstream device and deployment. Confirm that the Engine host can reach the source and that any required authentication and network paths are configured.

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How on-demand pulling behaves

Stream-file sources in the documented workflow are on demand. Wowza states that when a player makes the first request for the stream file, the referenced source is made available. When the final viewer leaves, MediaCaster waits through a timeout; if no new request arrives during that period, it stops the source. This behavior is useful when a source need not be pulled continuously, but it means an inactive source may not be connected until playback is requested.

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Pulling an SRT source: Streaming Engine versus Wowza Video

Wowza Streaming Engine

Streaming Engine’s stream-file guide lists srt as a MediaCaster type and gives srt://0.0.0.0:[port] as a documented URI example. Treat that as an example, not a universal connection string: confirm the correct address, port reachability, source-side mode, and compatibility for your deployment.

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Wowza Video

Wowza Video is a separate cloud product, and its SRT encoder instructions should not be applied to a self-hosted Streaming Engine instance. The Wowza Video guide, updated February 8, 2024, says the service acts in SRT listener mode during handshake, directs operators to connection details on the live stream’s Overview page, gives a URL pattern of srt://[stream key].[primary server], and identifies host port 10000 as the default. Verify the service’s current instructions before configuring a connection.

Troubleshoot a source that will not connect

  • It stays at “waiting for stream.” Check whether the MediaCaster type matches the protocol. For an RTMP pull from another Wowza Streaming Engine instance, the documented type is liverepeater, not rtp. A Wowza staff response on a reported RTMP case identified this mismatch; it is a diagnostic lead, not proof that every waiting state has the same cause.
  • The source URI looks right but cannot be reached. Verify the upstream address, path, credentials, source availability, and network reachability from the Engine host. For SRT, check port access and source-side mode as well.
  • Playback does not start when expected. In the on-demand workflow, make a player request to trigger the pull, then confirm the player is using the correct application and stream-file alias.
  • One stream needs different settings from the application. Add per-stream overrides only for properties supported by that stream type; a per-stream setting does not necessarily apply across protocols.
  • The selected type is missing or unsupported. Check the installed Streaming Engine release against current product documentation. The historical minimums listed above may help identify older installations, but should not be treated as current compatibility guarantees.
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Keep a YouTube channel live without hosting the source yourself

Wowza stream files are for pulling a live source into Wowza Streaming Engine. If your goal instead is to keep a YouTube channel live around the clock by looping uploaded recordings, StreamNeo is a different workflow: it streams uploaded videos to YouTube from the cloud, rather than ingesting a live camera or encoder source into Wowza. See StreamNeo for the service details.

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