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Why a NEAR Token Swap Can Fail—and How to Troubleshoot It

A NEAR swap can stop at different stages. Identify the service first, then check its quote, input balance, setup requirements, and completion status.
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A failed or delayed NEAR token swap can be caused by a missing or expired quote, an input balance that is not held by the swap service, first-use signing setup, or a service-specific requirement. Start by identifying the app or protocol you used—NEAR Intents, Ref Finance, or another wallet or service—and save the exact error, status, and transaction or intent identifier. The troubleshooting steps differ by service; signing a request does not by itself prove that a swap completed.

First, identify the service and the stage that stopped

Check the name of the app or protocol where you started the swap. Then note whether you received a quote, approved a wallet prompt, submitted the action, or saw a final status. Keep the exact error text and any transaction hash or intent hash; these details help distinguish a quote problem from a signing or settlement problem.

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NEAR Intents and Ref Finance do not use one shared troubleshooting flow. In the documented NEAR Intents process, a user requests a quote, signs, publishes the intent, and checks its status. Ref Finance SDK transactions have their own parameters and token-account prerequisites. If you used another wallet or service, consult that service’s own status and support guidance rather than assuming either flow applies.

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If you used NEAR Intents

Missing or expired quote

Confirm that the quote request used the intended input and output asset identifiers. A quote includes the amounts, a quote hash, and an expiration time; an expired quote is not a current offer. NEAR’s Swap tokens tutorial says to try again if no quote information arrives within the quote window, because solvers may not respond within 1200 ms. A missing quote alone does not establish that the wallet or signing step failed.

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Input asset or Intents balance looks wrong

Check the exact asset identifier and the balance held by NEAR Intents. A balance visible in a wallet or on another chain is not necessarily credited to Intents and ready for a swap.

  1. Use the token list to find the asset’s defuse_asset_id, as described in NEAR’s Deposit tokens guide.
  2. Query mt_batch_balance_of on intents.near for that identifier. A zero result means the queried Intents balance is empty.
  3. If you are depositing an asset from NEAR, follow the guide’s fungible-token transfer-call flow, then check the Intents balance again before retrying the swap.

First-use signing or setup problem

The documented NEAR Intents signing example checks whether your public key is registered with intents.near and calls add_public_key if it is not. This is a first-use step in that documented flow, not a universal requirement for every NEAR swap. Sign only through the wallet flow you initiated; never give anyone your seed phrase or private key.

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Submitted, but pending or unclear

Use the returned intent_hash with the tutorial’s get_status method to check the intent. The tutorial identifies SETTLED as successful completion; inspect the associated transaction hash when one is provided.

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If the input came from a foreign-chain deposit, check that deposit separately from the later swap. NEAR’s Intents FAQ describes deposit statuses including PENDING, FAILED, and COMPLETED. It says failed deposits are handled manually and eventually updated to completed, so a deposit that is not yet visible may need resolution before you diagnose the swap itself.

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If you used Ref Finance

Apply these checks only to a Ref Finance swap. The Ref Finance SDK documentation says the account needs active storage for the input-token contract; without it, a transaction can fail. Check that storage requirement and confirm the account has enough of the input token.

The SDK also exposes slippage tolerance as a transaction parameter. Review the value configured for your swap, but do not increase it blindly: the documentation does not prescribe one setting as appropriate for every trade.

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Why signing does not always mean the swap completed

A wallet approval or signature is one step, not proof that the requested action settled. For NEAR Intents, check the intent status as described above. More generally, NEAR’s Key Components documentation notes in the Shade Agents context that a successful MPC signature does not guarantee a transaction succeeds or is transmitted; it lists network congestion, an incorrect nonce, and insufficient gas as possible causes in that context. Those examples are not evidence that any one of them caused a particular end-user swap failure.

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