Use browser.defaultBrowserContext() to access the default BrowserContext for a Puppeteer browser. You can create pages in it, but you cannot close the default context itself. For a session that needs separate cookies and storage, create another context with browser.createBrowserContext() and close that context when finished.
Get and use the default browser context
The method browser.defaultBrowserContext() is synchronous: it returns a BrowserContext immediately, not a promise. This example uses the documented Puppeteer API and closes the browser when the work is done:
import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
try {
const context = browser.defaultBrowserContext();
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
console.log(await page.title());
} finally {
await browser.close();
}The browser-level shortcut browser.newPage() also creates a page in the default context. Use the explicit accessor when you need to make context ownership clear or call context-level methods; use browser.newPage() for a straightforward page in the default context. See the Puppeteer defaultBrowserContext() API reference and Browser API reference.
Can you close the default context?
No. Puppeteer’s API reference states: “The default browser context cannot be closed.” Do not call close() on the value returned by browser.defaultBrowserContext(). To end its pages and browser session, close the browser with await browser.close(); that is different from closing just one context. See the method reference and browser management guide.
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When to create a separate context
Create a separate context when a task needs a distinct browser session—for example, to keep one test’s cookies and local storage apart from another’s. Puppeteer documents that browser contexts do not share cookies or local storage; its createBrowserContext() API also specifies that a newly created context does not share cookies or cache with other contexts.
const context = await browser.createBrowserContext();
try {
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
// Work in this isolated context.
} finally {
await context.close();
}Closing a created context closes all pages belonging to it. A page opened using window.open belongs to the context of its parent page. In Chrome, Puppeteer describes non-default contexts as incognito; it also notes that the default context may be incognito when Chrome is launched with --incognito. Treat that as a Chrome-specific documented behavior, not a general rule for every browser. See the BrowserContext reference, createBrowserContext() reference, and browser management guide.
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| Question | Default context | Created context |
|---|---|---|
| How to get it | browser.defaultBrowserContext() |
await browser.createBrowserContext() |
| How to open a page | browser.newPage() or context.newPage() |
context.newPage() |
| Storage behavior | Browser’s default context; it is not a separate context from other pages using it | Does not share cookies or cache with other contexts; browser contexts also do not share cookies or local storage |
| Can the context be closed? | No; close the browser to end its session | Yes; closing it closes its pages |
These behaviors are documented in Puppeteer’s default context, context creation, and browser management references. Version context: the API reference material is for Puppeteer 25.11.0 or 25.12.0, and the guide is marked Next; check the documentation for the version installed in your project if you are targeting an older release.
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Troubleshooting context issues
- A close call fails on the default context: this is expected; the default context cannot be closed. Close the browser, or create and close a separate context for work that needs its own lifecycle.
- A page unexpectedly sees another page’s session state: both pages may be in the default context. Put the page in a newly created context when the task requires isolated cookies and storage.
- A popup is in the wrong session: a page opened with
window.openinherits the context of its parent page. Open the parent page in the intended context before triggering the popup. - Closing a context closes more pages than expected: all pages in that created context are closed together. Use separate contexts for tasks that need independent lifecycles.
- Code copied from a current reference behaves differently on an older install: the cited API pages are versioned 25.11.0 or 25.12.0 and the guide is marked Next. Check the reference corresponding to the Puppeteer release you actually use.
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