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Router Settings to Change for Better Security and Privacy

Prioritize compatible WPA3 or WPA2 Wi-Fi security, unique router passwords and firmware updates, then review remote management, WPS, UPnP and network separation.
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For a safer home network, set Wi-Fi security to WPA3-Personal when supported, replace the router’s default administrator and Wi-Fi passwords, install available firmware updates, and switch off remote management, WPS and UPnP unless you have a specific reason to use them. These settings reduce avoidable access and exposure risks, but they do not make all internet activity private. Controls and labels vary by router and internet provider.

Start with Wi-Fi encryption and passwords

Choose the strongest compatible Wi-Fi security

In your router’s wireless or Wi-Fi security settings, choose WPA3-Personal if both the router and the devices in your home support it. If older devices cannot connect, use a WPA2/3 compatibility mode if available; WPA2-Personal is the fallback recommended in Federal Trade Commission guidance. Avoid obsolete WEP and WPA options. The FTC advises considering a replacement if updates do not make WPA2 or WPA3 available. FTC guidance on securing home Wi-Fi; NSA, Best Practices for Securing Your Home Network.

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Change both default passwords

Set a unique administrator password and a different Wi-Fi password. The administrator password protects access to router settings; the Wi-Fi password controls which devices can join the network. NSA guidance recommends a passphrase of at least 20 characters. Avoid reusing passwords from other accounts.

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Choose a non-identifying network name

Change the default network name (SSID) if it reveals your name, address, location, or router brand. Hiding the SSID is not a substitute for encryption or a strong password: the NSA says it adds no security and may cause compatibility problems.

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Keep the router updated and limit remote access

Install firmware updates

Check the router’s app or administration page for firmware updates, or ask your internet provider how updates are delivered. Enable automatic updates if the option exists. Updates can fix security vulnerabilities, but whether they are available and how they are installed depends on the router and provider. If the router no longer receives updates, or still lacks WPA2/WPA3 after updating, consider replacing it with a supported model.

Turn off remote management unless you need it

Remote management lets someone reach the router’s administrative interface over the internet. Disable it if you do not have a specific need to change router settings from outside your home network. If you rely on it, understand how your router restricts access and follow the manufacturer’s security instructions.

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Review convenience features: WPS and UPnP

Disable WPS if you do not use it

Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) provides a way to connect devices without typing the Wi-Fi password. The FTC lists it among convenience features to turn off for better security. Disable it in the wireless settings if no device in your home depends on it.

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Disable UPnP unless something needs it

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) allows devices on the network to discover one another and request network configuration automatically. Turn it off if you do not need that behavior. If a game, application, or other device stops working, check its requirements and the router manual before deciding whether to re-enable UPnP.

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Separate guests and connected devices where possible

Use a guest or separate network

If your router supports a guest network, use it for visitors rather than sharing your main Wi-Fi credentials. Some routers also let you place smart-home or other internet-connected devices on a separate network. Separation can help keep those devices apart from personal computers and phones, but the degree of isolation varies by router; consult its instructions to see what the feature actually restricts.

Check the connected-device list

Review the router’s list of connected devices when available. If you see something unfamiliar, use the manufacturer’s instructions to identify it before taking action; a device name in the list may not be obvious. Investigate unexpected connections rather than assuming every unknown label is an intruder.

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Understand what router privacy settings can and cannot do

DNS settings determine which resolver receives requests to look up internet domain names. Choosing a resolver is a trust and policy decision: consider the operator, its privacy policy, and any features you need. NIST’s final SP 800-81r3, published March 19, 2026, addresses DNS integrity, availability, confidentiality, and limiting information leakage; it does not identify a single best consumer resolver.

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Changing DNS alone does not hide browsing from every party or make a network anonymous. Router changes improve particular parts of network security and privacy, not every aspect of online activity. NIST’s consumer-grade router security profile, IR 8425A, describes security requirements for consumer routers.

Find the controls on your router

There is no universal menu path: settings may be in a router app, a web-based administration page, or an internet provider’s account interface. Look for sections named Wi-Fi, Wireless, Security, Administration, Remote Management, WPS, UPnP, Guest Network, or Connected Devices. Exact labels and availability vary. Use the router manual or provider support when a setting is missing or its effect is unclear.

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