A useful prompt does three things: it tells the AI tool what the assignment asks for, names the criteria your work will be judged against, and points at one specific part of your draft to review. Prompts that skip any of these usually return general advice about structure, tone and clarity that could apply to any essay. Prompts that include all three tend to return comments you can act on, although the feedback still needs your checking and your judgment before you change anything.
Check the rules before you paste anything
Permission comes first, and it depends on your course rather than on the tool. Universities in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom generally treat AI feedback as a question for the individual assessment, not a blanket yes or no. The University of Wollongong’s student guidance, “Gen AI in assessment,” says permitted uses can include getting feedback on an assessment item, but that permission depends on the assessment instructions. The University of Sydney lists seeking feedback on written work among possible uses, which again depends on what your instructor has set.
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Before you start, look for three things in your assignment brief, subject outline or learning management system:
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- Whether AI use is allowed, restricted or prohibited for this task, and whether feedback use is named separately.
- Any requirement to declare or acknowledge AI use, including where and in what format.
- Any approved tools, or any rule against uploading coursework to outside platforms.
If the brief is silent, ask your instructor before you proceed. A short question such as “May I use a generative AI tool to get formative feedback on my draft, and do I need to acknowledge it?” gets you a definitive answer that no general guide can give.
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Institutional rules also differ in how far they go. The University of Liverpool says its guidance, updated in July 2026, allows AI to help refine feedback when the teacher performs the assessment, and it lists unreviewed AI feedback, AI-generated grades or final decisions, and uploads of specified data to public platforms among unacceptable uses. Those are Liverpool requirements, not a general student standard. The University of Bristol’s guidance is written for its own staff and procedures, and it calls for institutional discussion and student transparency before AI feedback is used, while cautioning against uploading student work to unapproved external tools. Read the rules that govern your own institution and course.
Protect personal and confidential information
Before pasting anything, remove or replace:
- Your student number, name, and any identifying details in the text.
- Confidential material such as unpublished data, third-party copyrighted passages, client information, or an assessment that a teacher has marked as restricted.
- Personal circumstances you would not want stored elsewhere, such as health or family details.
Wollongong’s guidance addresses privacy directly, and the sensible default is to share the minimum needed for useful feedback: the relevant paragraph or section, not the whole file with your metadata attached.
Why most AI feedback is generic
The gap between generic and useful feedback is usually a gap in the prompt. The University of Regina’s Centre for Teaching and Learning contrasts a vague request, “Give general feedback on this assignment,” with prompts that name a particular assignment quality or course learning outcome and ask the tool to refer to the relevant rubric area. Its September 2025 guidelines put the principle plainly: “Thoughtful prompting and critical review are essential when using GenAI to support feedback.”
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A tool that does not know your criteria will judge your draft against its own idea of good writing. Sometimes that idea matches your course. Often it does not. A tool that knows your task, the rubric wording and the specific passage has something to measure against.
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The five elements of a feedback prompt
- The task. State the assignment type and question, for example “a 1,500-word argumentative essay answering whether cities should limit short-term rentals.”
- The essentials. Include the instructions that matter to the feedback: required length, required sources or methods, audience, and any learning outcomes the task is meant to assess.
- The criteria. Paste the rubric rows or summarise them in your own words. Quote wording exactly where the rubric uses specific terms such as “critical evaluation” or “appropriate use of evidence.”
- The material. Paste the draft or an excerpt. Smaller excerpts often produce more precise comments, because the tool can point to a specific sentence.
- The focus and the rules of engagement. Name one or two criteria to review, ask for formative feedback only, and tell the tool to separate observations from assumptions and to ask you rather than invent requirements.
Choose the feedback scope
Three scopes are common, and they produce different results. None has been shown in these sources to be the best option for every assignment; the choice is a workflow decision you make based on where you are in drafting.
| Prompt scope | What you supply | What you get back | What you must verify yourself |
|---|---|---|---|
| Broad review (“review my essay”) | Draft only | General comments on structure, tone and clarity | Whether any comment relates to your rubric at all |
| One criterion (for example, evidence use) | Draft or excerpt, rubric row for that criterion, task brief | Specific passages where evidence is weak, unsupported or misused | Whether the cited or suggested evidence exists and is accurate |
| Two criteria tied to outcomes | Draft, full rubric, learning outcomes, task brief | Comments mapped to each criterion, with the reasoning behind each | Whether the tool’s reading of the outcomes matches your instructor’s intent |
For a first pass, a single criterion usually works best. Once that issue is resolved, a second pass on another criterion keeps the feedback manageable and prevents you from revising everything at once.
What to ask the tool to review
Pick the area that matches your problem. Each area below pairs a criterion with a question that makes the tool point at your text.
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Argument clarity
- Which sentence in my introduction states my main claim, and does the rest of the essay test that claim?
- Where does my argument shift without a signal to the reader?
Evidence use
- Which claims in this excerpt are asserted without support, and which evidence is cited but not explained?
- Where does a source appear to say more than my sentence claims it says? (Check against the source yourself.)
Organisation
- Does each paragraph contain one main point that connects to my thesis? Which paragraph would be easiest to move or merge?
- Where does the reader need a transition to follow the reasoning?
Alignment with learning outcomes
- Which passage addresses the outcome about applying a method, and which one only describes it?
- Which outcome is least visible in this draft?
Ask for each comment to name the passage, the criterion it relates to, and one practical revision step. Ask for the step to be a suggestion of what to examine or do, not replacement text you could submit.
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A worked example
The following prompt is an illustration of the structure above, using an invented task and draft excerpt. Replace the bracketed parts with your own material.
“I’m working on a 1,500-word argumentative essay for a second-year sociology course, answering: ‘Should cities limit short-term rentals?’ The instructions require at least three peer-reviewed sources and a clear thesis in the introduction. The relevant rubric criteria are ‘Argument: claim is clear, qualified and sustained’ and ‘Evidence: sources are integrated and critically evaluated.’ Here is my draft excerpt: [paste paragraphs 2–3]. Please give formative feedback only. Focus on the Evidence criterion. For each point, identify the passage or issue, explain how it relates to the criterion, and suggest one practical revision step. Separate what you observe in the text from what you are assuming about my intentions. If information is missing, ask me rather than inventing a requirement. Do not write a replacement submission or assign a grade.”
The response should be read with the same care as any comment from a classmate. Check whether each cited problem appears in the paragraph it names, and whether the criterion it cites is in your rubric.
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The first response is a starting point. The University of Sydney’s guidance advises trying more than one interaction rather than dismissing AI after an unimpressive first answer, and that advice applies in both directions: one good answer is not proof that the feedback is correct. Follow-ups work best when they are narrow:
- “Which one change would most improve alignment with the Evidence criterion, and why?”
- “Which part of your previous feedback depends on an assumption that is not stated in the rubric?”
- “Show me where in this excerpt the claim in my second paragraph is not supported, and tell me what additional information you would need to judge it.”
Work through the comments one at a time. Accept a comment only after you have checked it against the text, the rubric and your own understanding of the topic.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Verify the feedback and make the decisions yourself
Wollongong’s student guidance states: “Fact verification against reliable sources is essential as gen AI outputs can be inaccurate, fabricated or biased.” Treat every factual claim, citation and suggested source as unverified until you have found it in a reliable source yourself. This matters most for the evidence feedback, because a tool may propose a source that does not exist or describe a real one inaccurately.
Keep the revision decisions with you. Feedback can tell you that a paragraph is unclear; it cannot know what you intended to argue or whether your instructor values a particular approach. When you revise, write the changes in your own words, and keep a note of where AI feedback influenced them if your course requires acknowledgment.
Do not use AI-generated comments to predict your grade, and do not ask the tool to mark the work. The University of Regina guidance calls for human review and cautions against using AI for evaluative decisions. A formative conversation helps you improve; it is not an assessment.
Best Value
AI detection tools are not a reliable check on this process. The University of Sydney’s guidance warns that these tools produce both false positives and false negatives, so your own record of how you drafted and revised is more useful than any detector result.
Quick checklist before you submit a prompt
- Your course and instructor allow AI feedback for this task, and you know any acknowledgment requirement.
- Personal, confidential and third-party material has been removed or excluded.
- The prompt names the task, the relevant instructions and the rubric wording.
- The prompt asks for one or two criteria, not an open review.
- The request asks for passage-level observations, the criterion each relates to, and a practical revision step.
- You have told the tool to flag assumptions and to ask you when information is missing.
- Every factual claim and source the tool offers will be checked before it influences your draft.
Feedback that is specific to your assignment, checked against your criteria and revised by your own decisions is what the prompt is meant to produce. The words you type matter less than the thinking you bring to the reply.
The Bottom Line
Give the AI your assignment task, the rubric wording, a focused excerpt and one or two criteria to examine, then verify every comment before you act on it. Confirm permission and acknowledgment rules with your instructor first.
Quick Recap
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