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Turn on Memory integrity (also called Hypervisor-protected Code Integrity, or HVCI) in Windows Security > Device security > Core isolation details, then switch the feature on. Windows may require hardware virtualization to be enabled in your PC’s UEFI/BIOS first. If an incompatible-driver warning appears, update the driver through Windows Update or the device/app manufacturer before considering removal or temporarily disabling Memory integrity.
This guide covers Windows 10 and Windows 11, explains what the protection does, and gives reversible troubleshooting steps without telling you to delete unknown driver packages.
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What Memory integrity does
Memory integrity is a Windows security feature that uses hardware virtualization to create an isolated environment for code-integrity checks. Microsoft says this makes it harder for malicious software to use low-level drivers to take control of a PC. The setting is also called Hypervisor-protected Code Integrity (HVCI) and appears under the Core isolation area of Windows Security. See Microsoft’s overview of Device security in the Windows Security app.
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Check these requirements before you begin
Use a supported Windows edition
Microsoft’s enablement guidance covers Windows 10, Windows 11 and specified Windows Server releases. The exact controls shown in Windows Security can differ by Windows version, edition and installed hardware. A missing option does not automatically mean that Windows is broken; the feature may not be exposed on that particular configuration.
Hardware virtualization must be available
Memory integrity depends on hardware virtualization. It must be enabled in the system UEFI/BIOS, as described in Microsoft’s virtualization-based protection of code integrity documentation. Firmware labels and menu locations vary by computer manufacturer, so there is no single menu path that works on every PC. If Windows reports that virtualization is disabled, consult the support documentation for your exact computer or motherboard model.
Do not assume it is enabled by default
Microsoft’s driver-compatibility guidance says Memory integrity may be enabled by default on clean installations of Windows 11 on compatible hardware and on Windows 10 in S mode. That does not mean every existing Windows 10 or Windows 11 installation has it enabled. Check the setting rather than relying on the installation type or age of the PC.
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How to turn on Memory integrity
- Open Windows Security. Select the shield icon in the taskbar notification area, or search for Windows Security from the Start menu and open the app.
- Open Device security. In the Windows Security window, select Device security from the left-hand navigation.
- Open Core isolation details. Under the Core isolation heading, select Core isolation details. The wording and available controls can vary slightly between Windows releases.
- Switch on Memory integrity. Turn the Memory integrity toggle to On. This is the HVCI control; you do not need a separate HVCI application.
- Restart if Windows requests it. A restart allows the hypervisor-protected code-integrity policy to take effect for drivers loaded during startup. Save open work before restarting.
If the toggle turns on without an error, return to the same Core isolation details page after the restart and confirm that it still shows On. If Windows immediately turns it off or displays a driver message, use the matching troubleshooting section below rather than repeatedly flipping the switch.
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Fix “An incompatible driver” or “A driver can’t load on this device”
Memory integrity can block a driver that does not meet its code-integrity requirements. Windows may show a notification such as “An incompatible driver” or “A driver can’t load on this device.” Microsoft cautions that the driver and company names displayed in that notification are the only reliable details Windows gathered about the driver; the warning alone does not prove that the driver is malicious. The support article A driver can’t load on this device explains this limitation.
1. Record the exact information Windows provides
Write down the file or driver name and the company name shown in the Core isolation message. Keep the spelling and punctuation exactly as displayed. You need those details when searching Windows Update or the hardware or software maker’s support site. Do not infer the device from a similar-looking filename, and do not delete a package simply because the name looks unfamiliar.
2. Check Windows Update first
Open Settings > Windows Update, select Check for updates, and install available driver or quality updates. Restart if Windows asks, then revisit Core isolation details and try Memory integrity again. Windows Update is the safest first source because it matches drivers to the installed Windows build and hardware.
3. Check the relevant manufacturer
If Windows Update offers no compatible version, use the support channel for the device or application that installed the driver. Search using the exact model and the Windows version you run. Download only a driver supplied for that product and operating-system version, follow the manufacturer’s installation instructions, restart, and test the Memory integrity switch again.
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4. Decide whether the device or app is needed
When no compatible driver exists, identify what function depends on it: for example, a peripheral, an older utility, or a specialized application. Microsoft says removing the device or app that uses the incompatible driver may be necessary. Explain the trade-off before doing so: uninstalling it can make the associated hardware or software stop working, and removing a device may disable a feature you rely on. Create a restore point or use the product’s documented uninstall process when available, and keep installation media or a current download in case you need to reinstall.
Do not use a generic “driver cleaner,” registry script, or manual deletion of an unknown driver package. Those actions can remove dependencies, leave hardware unusable, or make later diagnosis harder. The supported path is to obtain a compatible update or remove the known device or app that installed the driver.
When the Memory integrity switch is unavailable or will not enable
Confirm virtualization in UEFI/BIOS
If the control is missing, greyed out, or refuses to turn on without naming a driver, confirm that hardware virtualization is enabled in firmware. Restart the PC and enter UEFI/BIOS using the manufacturer’s documented key or recovery menu. Look for a virtualization setting; its name can differ between systems. Common examples include Intel Virtualization Technology or AMD SVM, but the exact label and location are manufacturer-specific. Save the firmware change, boot Windows, and check Core isolation details again. Use the computer maker’s instructions rather than guessing at unrelated firmware options.
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The Core isolation page and its available features vary with Windows version and installed hardware. Install pending Windows updates, restart, and verify that you are using a supported edition. If the page remains unavailable, the PC may lack a required virtualization capability or firmware support. Microsoft’s enablement guidance describes the platform requirements without promising one universal interface.
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Check whether an organization manages the setting
On a work or school computer, an administrator may control Memory integrity through Intune or other management policies. In that situation, a local toggle may be hidden or reset after you change it. Ask your administrator before altering firmware or uninstalling a business application. Enterprise deployment methods include Intune/CSP, Group Policy, registry configuration and App Control, but their correct settings depend on the organization’s security policy; they should not be applied casually to a personal PC.
What to do when a needed driver will not load
First pursue a compatible update, because it preserves both the device’s function and Memory integrity. If the manufacturer has no update and the device is essential, you have to choose between keeping the driver and keeping the additional protection.
Use the documented temporary workaround only when necessary
- Open Windows Security > Device security > Core isolation details.
- Switch Memory integrity to Off.
- Restart Windows so the blocked driver can load.
- Use the device only for the task that requires it, and continue checking the manufacturer and Windows Update for a compatible driver.
Microsoft documents this off-and-restart process in its driver warning guidance. Turning the feature off reduces protection against low-level driver abuse. On a Secured-core PC, disabling it also means the computer no longer has Secured-core status while the setting is off. Re-enable Memory integrity and restart as soon as the incompatible driver is replaced or the device is no longer needed.
Prevent the error after installing a new device or app
A newly installed peripheral, utility or application can add a driver that conflicts with Memory integrity. Before installation, check the product’s support page for a driver explicitly compatible with your Windows version and current security features. If an installer offers an optional low-level component, virtual device or system service, read what it does and install only what the application requires.
If the conflict appears immediately after installation, note the product and driver names, check for an updated release from its manufacturer, and avoid reinstalling the same incompatible version. If the product is not essential, uninstall it through Settings > Apps > Installed apps (or the product’s own documented uninstaller), restart, and confirm the Memory integrity state. Keep the installer details so you can identify the cause if the warning returns.
Understand the security and usability trade-offs
| Choice | Security effect | Function effect | When it makes sense |
|---|---|---|---|
| Memory integrity on with a compatible driver | Retains the HVCI isolation layer that checks code integrity against low-level driver abuse. | Supported devices and apps should load normally. | Preferred state for a compatible Windows installation. |
| Remove the device or app using an incompatible driver | Allows Memory integrity to remain enabled. | The removed product or its feature will no longer work until a compatible version is installed. | Appropriate when the product is optional or obsolete. |
| Memory integrity off temporarily | Reduces protection; a Secured-core PC leaves Secured-core status while it is disabled. | May allow a required legacy driver to load after a restart. | Last resort when no compatible driver exists and the function is essential. |
This table describes the documented trade-offs, not a promise that every driver will work once the setting is disabled. A separate hardware, installation or application problem can still prevent loading.
A practical troubleshooting decision path
| What you see | Next action | Avoid |
|---|---|---|
| Memory integrity is Off and the toggle is available | Turn it On from Core isolation details and restart when prompted. | Assuming it was enabled because you installed Windows 11 or use a recent PC. |
| Windows names an incompatible driver | Record the name and company, then check Windows Update and the relevant manufacturer for a compatible release. | Calling the driver malware solely from the warning or deleting it manually. |
| The switch is missing or unavailable | Confirm UEFI/BIOS hardware virtualization and check your Windows edition, version and hardware documentation. | Following a firmware path copied from another PC model. |
| A required device stops working after enablement | Look for a compatible driver; if none exists, decide whether to remove the device/app or accept the reduced protection of a temporary disablement. | Leaving Memory integrity off indefinitely without revisiting the manufacturer’s support page. |
| The setting changes back on a work PC | Contact the administrator because Intune, Group Policy or another management system may enforce the setting. | Applying registry or policy changes without authorization. |
How to keep the configuration healthy
- After enabling Memory integrity, restart and verify the toggle remains On.
- Keep Windows current so driver compatibility fixes can arrive through Windows Update.
- For every warning, preserve the exact driver and company names before changing anything.
- Prefer the device or app manufacturer’s signed, Windows-compatible driver over third-party driver-collection tools.
- If you temporarily disable Memory integrity, record why, which driver required it, and what event will trigger re-enablement.
- When replacing hardware or software, remove obsolete components using the vendor’s documented process instead of deleting files from driver folders.
Windows Server and managed deployments
Microsoft provides enablement options for Windows Server as well as Windows 10 and Windows 11. Administrators can deploy Memory integrity through Intune/CSP, Group Policy, registry settings or App Control, depending on the organization’s design. Those methods require testing against the organization’s driver inventory and recovery procedures. For a personal computer, use the Windows Security interface described above; do not combine enterprise policy instructions with a consumer troubleshooting session.
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Memory integrity is HVCI, a virtualization-backed Windows protection that belongs under Core isolation. The normal route is Windows Security, Device security, Core isolation details, then the Memory integrity switch. Hardware virtualization must be enabled in UEFI/BIOS, and firmware labels differ by manufacturer. When a driver blocks activation, update it through Windows Update or its manufacturer first; consider removing the dependent device or app only after weighing the loss of its function. Disabling Memory integrity can restore a necessary legacy driver after a restart, but it lowers protection and removes Secured-core status for a Secured-core PC until you turn the feature back on.
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