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How to Troubleshoot an On-Premises Coding Agent That Cannot Reach Models or Internal Tools

Diagnose on-premises coding-agent connection failures by tracing each model or tool request from its origin through routing, authentication, process startup, and logs.
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Trace each failed request from the process that makes it to its destination. A model call and an internal-tool call may leave from different places, so test each route separately before changing firewall rules. The right endpoint allowlist and private-network setup depend on the coding agent and model provider; there is no universal list.

1. Identify which process makes each request

For both the model call and the internal-tool call, record the originating process and destination. The origin might be the agent service, an executor running in a container or VM, or a local child process launched over stdio. A shared agent interface does not mean the calls share a network path.

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Connection origin matters in product-specific ways. OpenAI’s Agents API documentation distinguishes HTTP connections made from its service from environment-origin HTTP and stdio connections made in the session environment. Environment-origin access is intended for servers on a private network or software installed in that environment. See OpenAI’s MCP connections guide.

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2. Test the endpoint and route from the caller

Check the configured URL, scheme, hostname, port, connection origin, and proxy settings against the actual deployment configuration. Then test DNS resolution and transport reachability from the same host, container, or VM as the failing process. A successful test from an administrator’s laptop does not show that the runtime can reach the destination.

For environment-origin MCP, OpenAI’s connection checklist says to confirm that the executor is connected and its network can reach the server. For private services, verify the complete route and applicable network controls between caller and target. AWS notes that the VPC, subnets, and optionally security groups configured for a private connection must have network connectivity to the target service: AWS guidance for MCP connections.

  • If DNS fails from the caller, check its resolver configuration and the hostname it is using.
  • If DNS succeeds but transport does not, check routing, port access, firewall or security-group rules, and proxy behavior along that path.
  • If the endpoint responds, use its status or error to distinguish an authentication or server-side problem from a basic reachability failure.

3. Confirm how private services are exposed

If an internal tool is not public, determine which private-access mechanism the agent platform supports. Do not assume a hosted service can directly reach an on-premises server, or that a mechanism documented by one vendor applies to another.

OpenAI Secure MCP Tunnel

OpenAI documents Secure MCP Tunnel as a way to connect to a local or private MCP server without exposing that server to the public internet. Its availability and setup are specific to that product; consult the Secure MCP Tunnel documentation.

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Microsoft Foundry private networking

Microsoft Foundry documents private MCP endpoints in the context of its Standard Agent Setup with private networking, including a dedicated MCP subnet. Treat this as a Foundry-specific architecture, not a general requirement for every on-premises agent. See Microsoft’s Foundry MCP guidance.

4. Check credentials separately from connectivity

Confirm that the process making the call has the required token, authorization header, tenant header, or other identity material, and that it is valid for that particular server. OpenAI’s MCP connection guidance calls out tokens and headers, matching vault credentials, and a distinction for environment-origin HTTP: it uses inline authentication or a trusted proxy rather than vault credentials. See OpenAI’s authentication guidance.

If the endpoint is reachable but returns an authorization error, investigate identity, permissions or scope, token expiry, and server-side policy before changing network rules. Keep secrets out of reusable agent definitions and logs; use the credential mechanism supported for the connection’s origin.

5. For local tools, verify the process contract

A stdio tool can fail before any network request occurs. Check that its configured executable exists and can run in the agent’s environment, its dependencies are installed, and its working directory exists. OpenAI’s MCP connection checks identify executable or dependency problems and working-directory issues; inline stdio configuration requires an absolute working directory. Consult the stdio connection guidance.

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  1. Verify the command and dependencies in the same environment that launches the tool.
  2. Confirm the configured working directory exists and is accessible to that process.
  3. Capture standard error and startup logs, and check whether the server initialized before investigating HTTP reachability.
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6. Correlate agent and server diagnostics

Start with the agent’s connection-initialization or turn-failure event, then compare its timestamp and details with MCP server logs and, for stdio tools, child-process output. This helps separate a failed launch, a route or DNS failure, an authentication rejection, and a server-side error.

For Secure MCP Tunnel specifically, OpenAI advises checking that tunnel-client run is still running and using tunnel-client doctor --profile <name> --explain. Organization-level permissions can also block tunnel administration. See OpenAI’s tunnel troubleshooting guidance.

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Compare candidate connection paths before changing production rules

If your deployment offers hosted, environment-origin, or private-tunnel connections, compare them using the questions below. The appropriate choice depends on the actual agent, server, and network design.

Question What to establish
Where does the request execute? Identify whether the service, session environment, or local child process originates the call.
Can that location reach the target? Verify DNS, route, ports, proxy configuration, and network policy from the caller.
Does the server need to remain private? Confirm whether the platform supports a private route or tunnel for this connection.
How are credentials supplied? Check the mechanism supported for that connection origin and the target’s authorization requirements.
Which diagnostics are available? Identify agent events, server logs, child-process output, and any platform-specific tunnel checks.

What cannot be assumed without the product and deployment details

The exact model endpoint hostname, port, TLS trust chain, proxy environment variables, and provider-specific firewall allowlist cannot be determined from the phrase “on-premises coding agent” alone. Obtain the current network requirements for the selected coding agent and model provider, then compare them with the site’s proxy and firewall configuration before changing production rules.

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