The Tool Desk
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Switch sessions from the login screen
- Save your work and log out. Switching applies to a new desktop login; it does not convert the session you are currently using.
- Open the session chooser. At the graphical login screen, select your user if prompted, then look for a gear icon, dropdown, or other session menu. GNOME/GDM commonly uses a gear or dropdown; SDDM has its own session controls. Red Hat’s RHEL 9 GNOME guide illustrates a dropdown with Standard Wayland and Standard X11 choices.
- Choose the requested session. Labels differ between systems. Select the installed option marked Wayland or X11/X.Org that matches your desktop; do not assume every GNOME login screen says “GNOME on Xorg” or every Plasma screen offers “Plasma (X11).”
- Sign in. Enter your credentials. The selected session starts with this login.
If the session option is missing
First identify your distribution and release, desktop environment, and display manager. The alternate session may not be installed, or the distribution may no longer ship it for that desktop and release. A configuration change cannot restore a session that is no longer provided.
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For example, Fedora’s Wayland Only GNOME record says Fedora Workstation stopped offering a GNOME X.Org session beginning with Fedora Linux 41. It also points to other desktop and display-manager combinations for people who need X11. That release-specific GNOME change should not be generalized to every Fedora desktop.
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Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →Check documentation for your exact release and desktop before installing packages or editing display-manager settings. There is no universal setting that reveals a missing session. The Fedora KDE proposal to prefer Wayland while retaining X11 in that change illustrates that changing a default and removing an option are separate policy decisions; it targeted Fedora 34 and was last updated in 2021, so it is historical context, not a guarantee about current package availability.
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Know which display system you are selecting
- Wayland is a display protocol used by a compositor-based desktop session.
- X.Org/X11 refers in everyday session menus to a desktop running on the X11 display system, implemented by the X.Org Server. Menus may label it “X11” or “Xorg.”
- XWayland is a compatibility layer that lets X11 applications run inside a Wayland desktop. Seeing an application use X11 compatibility does not mean the whole desktop is running an X.Org session. Fedora’s GNOME transition documentation discusses XWayland separately from the removed full X.Org session.
Decide whether to switch the whole desktop
Base the choice on the issue you are trying to solve, rather than assuming one session is universally faster or safer. Relevant considerations include whether a particular application or peripheral works, your screen-capture or remote-control workflow, graphics-driver behavior, desktop feature support, and whether your distribution still maintains the requested session.
If only one older X11 application is involved, check whether it works through XWayland first. You may not need to log out and change the entire desktop session.
Quick Recap
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