You can connect Hermes Agent to Telegram in three stages: create a bot with @BotFather, identify the Telegram account that is allowed to use it, and configure a Hermes gateway with the bot token and numeric user ID. The recommended command is hermes gateway setup. After a foreground test with hermes gateway, install the gateway as a background service with hermes gateway install.
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The allowlist is essential. A Telegram bot token proves that Hermes is controlling the bot, not that an incoming message came from you. Hermes must also be told which numeric Telegram user IDs may interact with the agent.
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What you need before starting
Have these prerequisites ready:
- A working Hermes Agent installation and a shell in the profile where you want to run the gateway.
- A Telegram account. You will use it to create the bot and to send the first test message.
- Permission to create a bot through Telegram’s @BotFather.
- A plan for keeping the bot token private. Treat it like a password.
The commands below describe the standard Telegram polling setup. Hermes also exposes an optional webhook mode, covered later. Labels and prompts can change between Hermes releases, so if a wizard prompt differs slightly, choose the Telegram integration and provide the same two values: the bot token and the allowed numeric user ID or IDs.
How the connection works
Telegram delivers messages to the bot associated with your token. Hermes’ gateway reads those messages, checks the sender against TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS, and passes messages from approved accounts to the agent. The gateway then sends the agent’s replies back through Telegram.
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There are two separate credentials in this arrangement:
| Value | What it identifies | Where it is used |
|---|---|---|
| Bot API token | The Telegram bot that Hermes controls | TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN |
| Numeric Telegram user ID | The human account allowed to use the bot | TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS |
Do not substitute your Telegram @username for the numeric ID. Usernames can change; the numeric ID is the value the allowlist expects.
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Step 1: Create the Telegram bot in BotFather
- Open Telegram and start a chat with @BotFather.
- Send
/newbot. - Enter a display name when BotFather asks for one. This is the readable name shown in chats.
- Enter a unique username. Telegram requires bot usernames to end in
bot, for examplemy-hermes-assistant_bot. - Copy the API token BotFather returns. It has a numeric section, a colon, and a random string.
Store the token in a password manager or another protected secret store. Do not paste it into a public issue, commit it to a repository, or include it in screenshots. Anyone with a valid token can operate the bot through Telegram’s API.
If the username you want is unavailable
Bot usernames are globally unique. Change the username while keeping the required bot ending. The display name and username are separate, so you can keep the display name you prefer while trying another username.
Step 2: Find your numeric Telegram user ID
- In Telegram, open a conversation with @userinfobot.
- Send a message such as
/startif the account requests one. - Copy the numeric user ID it reports.
Use the number exactly as returned. Do not include the @ sign, your display name, or your Telegram username. If more than one person should be able to use the bot, collect each person’s numeric ID before configuring Hermes.
Step 3: Configure Hermes with the setup wizard
The documented, least error-prone route is the interactive wizard:
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hermes gateway setup- Run the command from the Hermes installation or profile you intend to use.
- Choose Telegram when the channel list appears.
- Paste the BotFather token.
- Enter the allowed numeric Telegram user ID. For multiple users, provide the IDs in the format requested by the prompt; the resulting configuration uses comma separation.
- Finish the wizard and allow it to write the profile configuration.
The wizard writes the values Hermes needs, reducing the chance of a spelling error in an environment variable or an incorrect configuration path. If you run several Hermes profiles, repeat this process separately for each profile with a different Telegram bot token.
Manual configuration with ~/.hermes/.env
Manual editing is useful for scripted deployments or environments where an interactive wizard is inconvenient. Open the Hermes environment file for the profile:
~/.hermes/.envAdd the two variables below:
TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN=your_bot_token_here
TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS=123456789Replace your_bot_token_here with the complete token from BotFather and replace 123456789 with your numeric Telegram user ID. For multiple users, separate IDs with commas:
TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS=123456789,987654321Keep the token on one line and avoid adding quotation marks unless your Hermes installation specifically documents them. Save the file, restrict access to the account that runs Hermes, and restart the gateway after any change.
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| Route | Best for | Important detail |
|---|---|---|
hermes gateway setup |
Most first-time installations | Guides you through Telegram selection, token entry, and allowed IDs. |
~/.hermes/.env |
Automation, scripted setup, or non-interactive environments | Variable names and comma-separated IDs must be entered exactly. |
Step 4: Test the gateway in the foreground
Before installing a background service, run Hermes interactively:
hermes gateway- Leave the command running in the terminal.
- Open Telegram and open the bot you created.
- Send a simple message, such as
hello. - Confirm that Hermes receives the message and returns a response.
- Press
Ctrl+Cin the terminal to stop the test process.
This test separates configuration problems from service-management problems. If the bot does not respond while the gateway is in the foreground, installing a service will not fix the underlying token, allowlist, or profile issue.
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Step 5: Run Hermes continuously
Once the foreground test succeeds, install the gateway as a persistent service:
hermes gateway installOn Linux, this creates a user-level systemd service by default. On macOS, it creates a launchd service. A user-level service normally runs under your account rather than as a machine-wide daemon.
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hermes gateway install --systemUse the system-wide option only when that operating model fits your machine. Whichever mode you choose, make sure the service runs the same Hermes profile whose .env file contains the Telegram settings. A common mistake is testing one profile in a shell and installing a service that points at another.
Foreground testing versus a persistent service
| Mode | Command | When to use it |
|---|---|---|
| Foreground | hermes gateway |
Initial setup, diagnostics, and watching live errors. |
| User service | hermes gateway install |
Normal background operation under your user account. |
| System service on Linux | hermes gateway install --system |
Boot-time machine service when system-level management is required. |
Optional QR setup in the dashboard or desktop app
If your Hermes dashboard or desktop application exposes the Telegram QR flow, it can automate the same setup. The flow creates the bot, detects your Telegram user ID, writes TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKEN and TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS to the profile’s .env file, and restarts the gateway.
Use the QR route when you want the graphical setup to handle discovery and configuration. After it completes, send a test message from the approved Telegram account and verify that the gateway is running the intended profile.
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Optional webhook mode
Hermes can be configured for Telegram webhook delivery instead of the default gateway behavior. Webhook mode uses:
TELEGRAM_WEBHOOK_URL=your_webhook_url
TELEGRAM_WEBHOOK_SECRET=your_webhook_secretTELEGRAM_WEBHOOK_SECRET is required when webhook mode is enabled. The exact reverse-proxy, certificate, and hosting arrangement depends on your deployment, so confirm the current Hermes webhook requirements before switching from the standard setup. If you do not specifically need webhook delivery, use the normal gateway setup first; it is easier to validate locally.
Security: protect the token and enforce the allowlist
Why the allowlist is not optional
The bot token authenticates Hermes to Telegram. It does not identify the person sending a message. Without TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS, an unintended Telegram account may be able to reach your agent, depending on the active Hermes configuration. Restrict access to the numeric IDs that should control the profile.
What to do if the token leaks
- Open @BotFather in Telegram.
- Use the
/revokecommand for the affected bot. - Copy the replacement token BotFather issues.
- Update
TELEGRAM_BOT_TOKENthroughhermes gateway setupor in~/.hermes/.env. - Restart or reinstall the gateway service so it loads the replacement.
- Send a test message from an allowed account.
Revoking the token invalidates the leaked credential. It does not replace the need for an allowlist.
Protect the environment file
- Do not commit
~/.hermes/.envto source control. - Do not paste the token into chat, support tickets, or shell history that others can read.
- Limit file access to the account that runs Hermes.
- When copying configuration between machines, transfer the secret through a protected channel.
Multiple Hermes profiles
Use one Telegram bot token per running Hermes profile. If you operate several profiles, create a separate bot for each profile and run one gateway per profile. Do not reuse one token across gateways that are running at the same time; competing gateways can produce unpredictable message handling and make it unclear which profile receives a conversation.
Give each bot a distinct display name and username so you can identify the destination in Telegram. Configure a separate TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS value for each profile, even if the same human account is allowed to use all of them.
Troubleshooting checklist
The setup wizard rejects the token
- Copy the entire BotFather token, including the numeric prefix, colon, and random suffix.
- Check for an accidental leading or trailing space when pasting.
- Confirm that you are configuring the profile where you will run the gateway.
- If the token was exposed or revoked, request a replacement through BotFather and update the configuration.
The bot receives no reply
- Stop any background gateway temporarily so only one test process is active.
- Run
hermes gatewayin the foreground. - Send a message from the Telegram account whose numeric ID is in
TELEGRAM_ALLOWED_USERS. - Watch the terminal for configuration or connection errors.
- Confirm that the bot username is the one created for this token.
If the foreground process works but the service does not, inspect the service’s profile and environment rather than changing the Telegram bot.
One user works but another is blocked
Ask the second user to obtain their own numeric ID from @userinfobot, then add it to the comma-separated allowlist. Re-enter the complete value and restart the gateway. An @username will not substitute for the numeric ID.
The service starts but uses old settings
Environment changes are read when the gateway starts. Stop and restart the service after editing ~/.hermes/.env. If you installed a system service, verify that it points to the same Hermes profile and environment file used during your successful foreground test.
Several gateways answer the same bot
Stop the duplicate gateways and assign a separate bot token to each Hermes profile. A single token should not be reused across running gateways.
Recommended setup sequence
- Create a bot with
/newbotin @BotFather and save the token securely. - Get your numeric Telegram user ID from @userinfobot.
- Run
hermes gateway setup, select Telegram, and enter the token and allowed ID. - Start
hermes gatewayin the foreground. - Send a Telegram message and confirm a response.
- Stop the test with
Ctrl+C. - Install the persistent service with
hermes gateway install, or use--systemfor a Linux boot-time system service. - Retest after the service starts.
This order gives you a known-good token, a verified sender ID, a validated foreground connection, and only then a background service.
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